Rapport mondial sur la sécurité routière 2013 (anglais) / Global status report on road safety 2013

Description

Le rapport mondial sur la sécurité routière 2013, publié par l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, présente des données détaillées sur 182 états. Un chiffre funeste se détache du reste : près de 1.24 millions de personnes meurent sur les routes chaque année.

Sujets

• Monde (univers)
• 2013
• Bilán
• Rapport
• Organisation mondiale de la santé
• Prévention et sécurité routières

Informations

• Publié par: Fil_actu
• Publié le: 03 mai 2013
• Nombre de lectures: 68
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 16 Mo

Extrait

Global
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SupportingadecadeofactionGlobal
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SupportingadecadeofactionWHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data:
Global status report on road safety 2013: supporting a decade of action.
1.Accidents, Traffic - statistics and numerical data. 2.Accidents, Traffic - trends. 3.Wounds and injuries - epidemiology. 4.Safety. 5.Data collection.
6.Programme evaluation. I.World Health Organization.
ISBN 978 92 4 156456 4 (NLM classification: WA 275)
©worldhealthorganization2013
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madepossiblethroughfundingfrombloombergphilanthropies.contents
preface................................................................................ v
acknowledgements.................................................................. vi
executivesummary................................................................. vii
background............................................................................. 1
The Decade of Action for Road Safety............................................................. 1
The purpose of this report..................................................................... 2
Methodology 2
section1. thecurrent stateofglobalroadsafety................................ 3
Many countries have successfully reduced the number of deaths on their roads, while deaths are increasing in others........ 4
Middle-income countries are hardest hit........................................................... 4
The African Region has the highest road traffic fatality rate............................................... 5
Half of all road traffic deaths are among pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists ................................. 6
Almost 60% of road traffic deaths are among 15–44 year olds............................................. 7
Non-fatal crash injuries are poorly documented....................................................... 7
Harmonizing data collection on road traffic deaths .................................................... 8
section2. new roadsafetylaws:progresstodate .............................. 11
reducingspeed ....................................................................... 13
Progress to reduce excessive speed has stalled................................................... 13
Reducing urban speeds protects pedestrians and cyclists 14
Speed limits need stronger enforcement........................................................ 15
reducingdrinkinganddriving ........................................................... 16
Drink–drive laws should be based on blood alcohol concentration levels................................... 16
Strong drink–drive laws protect almost 70% of world’s population....................................... 16
More stringent drink–drive laws for high-risk drivers................................................ 16
Drink–drive laws need stronger enforcement..................................................... 16
Almost half of all countries lack of data on alcohol-related road traffic deaths ............................... 17
increasingmotorcyclehelmetuse 18
Head injuries among motorcyclists are a growing concern ............................................ 18
More effort is needed to promote helmet standards and quality......................................... 18
Data on helmet use is weak................................................................ 20increasingseat-beltuse ................................................................ 22
Progress has been made in tightening up seat-belt laws ............................................. 22
Enforcing seat-belt laws needs more emphasis ................................................... 23
Only half of countries collect seat-belt wearing data................................................ 23
increasingtheuseofchildrestraints ..................................................... 25
More countries need to adopt child restraint use .................................................. 25
Encouraging child restraint use.............................................................. 26
Leadagenciesarevitaltodevelopinganationalroadsafetystrategy ......................... 27
Involving multiple sectors in national road safety efforts is critical....................................... 27
National road safety strategies should include targets to minimize injuries, deaths and key risk factors............... 27
section3. transportpoliciesneglectpedestriansandcyclists ................. 29
Governments need to make walking and cycling safe.................................................. 30
Safer roads reduce crash likelihood and severity..................................................... 32
Action is needed to make vehicles safer for non-car road users ........................................... 33
Public transport can make mobility safer and reduce congestion 33
conclusionsand recommendations............................................... 37
references .......................................................................... 39
explanatorynotes .................................................................. 41
Methodology, data collection and validation........................................................ 42
Country profile explanations 45
Estimating global road traffic deaths............................................................. 48
countryprofiles..................................................................... 53
statisticalannex ................................................................... 237preface
Progressisbeingmade tomaketheworld’s roadssafer,butthiscritical
workmustbeintensifiedandaccelerated.
In 2010 the governments of the world declared 2011–2020 as the Decade of Action for Road Safety. They invited the World Health
Organization to prepare this report as a baseline to assess the state of global road safety at the onset of the Decade, and to be able
to monitor progress over the period of the Decade. The unanimous support for this Decade of Action from Member States indicates a
growing awareness that the devastating scale of road traffic injuries is a global public health and development concern.
This report shows that 1.24 million people were killed on the world’s roads in 2010. This is unacceptably high. Road traffic injuries take
an enormous toll on individuals and communities as well as on national economies. Middle-income countries, which are motorizing
rapidly, are the hardest hit.
There is a sound body of scientific evidence behind road safety interventions. Adopting and enforcing legislation relating to important
risk factors – speed, drink–driving, motorcycle helmets, seat-belts and child restraints – has been shown to lead to reductions in road
traffic injuries. This report illustrates some of the progress made in a number of countries to address these risk factors since publication
of the first Global status report on road safety (2009). Since 2008, 35 countries have passed new laws or amended existing legislation
covering one or more of these risk factors. Nevertheless, in many countries these laws are either not comprehensive in scope or are
lacking altogether. Governments must do more to ensure that their national road safety laws meet best practice, and do more to enforce
these laws.
Road safety was recognized in global environmental policy deliberations at the recent Rio+20 UN Conference on Sustainable
Develo