Employee representatives in Europe and their economic prerogatives

Directorate-General For Employment Social Affairs And Inclusion European Commission

Description

Social policy
Working conditions

Sujets

• Economic freedom
• Member state of the European Union
• Sociologie, société et politique

Informations

• Publié par: DIRECTORATE-GENERAL-FOR-EMPLOYMENT_SOCIAL-AFFAIRS-AND-INCLUSION-EUROPEAN-COMMISS
• Nombre de lectures: 66
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 8 Mo

Extrait

EUROPEAN COMMISSION
SUPPLEMENT 3 ■ 96 Cover pictures: © Kathi Straube, Andreas SchoelzeI, Werner Baehmeier. SOCIAL EUROPE
Employee representatives
in Europe and their
economie prerogatives
SUPPLEMENT 3/96
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR EMPLOYMENT, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS The information contained in this publication does not necessarily reflect either the position or views
of the European Commission
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1996
© ECSC-EC-EAEC, Brussels · Luxembourg, 1996
Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged
ISBN 92-827-6312-9
Printed in Belgium EMPLOYEE REPRESENTATIVES
m EUROPE AND THEIR
ECONOMIC PREROGATIVES
E. Pichot (Alpha Conseil)
January 1995
Report conducted for the European Commission Note
The views expressed in this document reflect only the views of the author.
Those interviewed for this report, acknowledged below, and the European Commission
cannot be held responsible for the content of this report. TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1
PARTI:
EUROPEAN SIMILARITIES AND FEATURES SPECD7IC TO COUNTRIES 3
I. Economic and social context 4
1.1 Employment
1.2 Living conditions and the cost of labour 5
1.3 Industrial relations 6
Π. Different types of representation 9
Π. 1 Works councils and other general bodies
Π.2 Employeen in management organs
m. Methods of action by employee representatives 12
HI. 1 Intensity and expression of action
ΙΠ.2 Objective and timing of action
IV. Action on economic issues3
V. Resources available to representatives6
PART Π:
NATIONAL SITUATIONS7
I. Germany 1
1.1 Economic and social background
1.2 Labour relations8
1.3 Co-determination9
1.4 Employee representation in works councils 21
1.5en in supervisory boards
II. United Kingdom and Ireland 30
Π. Economic and social background
11.2 Industrial relations
11.3 Employee representation in British enterprises3
Π.4en in Irishs7
III. Benelux: Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands
ΠΙ.1 Economic and social background: similar structures
ΠΊ.2 Industrial relations 40
ΓΠ.3 Employee representation in Belgian enterprises2
III.4en in Luxembourg enterprises
ΓΠ.5 Employeen in Dutch enterprises9
IV. Denmark 54
IV. 1 Economic and social background
rV.2 Industrial relations
rV.3 Employee representation in Danish enterprises 55
V. Italy7
V. 1 Economic and social background
V.2 Industrial relations8
V.3 Employee representation in Italian enterprises
VI. Spain, Portugal, Greece 6
VI. 1 Economic and social background
VI.2 Industrial relations
VI.3 Employee representation in Spanish enterprises 72
VI.4en in Portugueses6
VI.5 Employeen in Greek enterprises
VI.6e representation in the managing organs of public or "socialised" enterprises in Spain and Greece 81 VII. France 82
VII. 1 Economie and social background
VII.2 Industriai relations3
VII.3 A dual system of employee representation5
VII.4 The works council8
VII.5 The group council 9
VIII. The Nordic countries: Sweden, Finland, Norway, Iceland 9
VIII. 1 Economic and social background
VIII.2 Industrial relations 100
VHI.3 Employee representation in Swedish enterprises
VIII.4en in Finishs 113
Vin.5 Employeen in Norwegian enterprises6
Vm.6e representation in Icelandics 124
IX. Austria and Liechtenstein
IX. 1 Economic and social background
IX.2 Industrial relations
IX.3 Employee representation in Austrian enterprises 13
IX.4en in Liechtenstein enterprises7
PART III:
PROTAGONISTS, LAW AND AGREEMENTS AT EUROPEAN LEVEL8
The European level 13
I. European protagonists9
1.1 The social partners
1.2 The institutions of the European Union 140
1.3 International institutions2
II. European policies and labour law4
Π. 1 The legal system of the European Union
11.2 Foundations and stages of Community policy in social areas
11.3 Structural Directives6
11.4 The Directive adopted in 1994 and other plans concerning the information, consultation and participation of
workers7
11.5 Aspects of French case law on representation in transnational enterprises prior to the implementation of the
Directive on European works councils 15
III. Collective bargaining and social dialogue
III. 1 Multi-industry social dialogue
111.2 Industry-wide bargaining
111.3 Transfrontier union committees . *2
111.4 European works council experiments
BIBLIOGRAPHY 160
ANNEX: DIRECTIVE 94/45/CE5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We should like to thank everyone who has given us their time and the benefit of their knowledge, experience and judgment, in
particular:
IN BRUSSELS: Mr C. SAVOINI, Director at DG V - European Commission.
Messrs F. VASQUEZ, G. ZINGONE, J.J. PARIS of the European Commission.
Mr J.J. DANIS of the European Trade Union Institute.
IN GENEVA: Messrs J. MONAT, V. DI MARTINO, D. CAMPBELL of the ILO.
IN ITALY: The Minister of Labour and Social Security, T. TREU,
Messrs C. STANZANI, Secretary General of SINDNOVA-CISL,
D. CARRIERI of IRES-CGEL,
A. CARACCIOLO, Director of the Industrial Relations Division of the Ministry of Labour and
Social Security,
Dr. FANTINI of CONFINDUSTRIA.
IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: Professor P. CRESSEY of the University of Bath.
Messrs M. HALL of the University of Warwick,
T. JENKINS, Director of the TUC European Unit,
R. DONELIoftheCBI.
IN IRELAND: Mr K.P. O'KELLY of the Centre for Enterprise and Labour.
IN GERMANY: Messrs Dr KÖSTLER and W. STUTZEL of the Hans-Böckler-Stiftung,
Dr G. ENGELS of the Ministry of Labour and Social Security,
P. DOBBERAHN of the BDA,
Dr H.M. STINDT of BAYER,
W. SCHNEIDER of the DGB,
C. DÖRRENBÄCHER of FAST.
IN SPAIN: Messrs J. CALLEJAS GARCIA of UGT,
G. MARCHAN REDONDO and J. MORENO of CC.OO.
Mrs P. ADRADOS of the Industrial Relations Department of CEOE.
The Statistical Service of the Ministry of Labour and Social Security.
IN NORWAY: Mesdames I. PETTERSEN, G. YTTERDAL of the Ministry of Local Government and Labour,
T. OLSEN, T. GRYTLI of the Institute of Applied Social Sciences FAFO.
Messrs A. KALLEVIG, D. JOHNSEN, E. GJELSVIK of LO,
V. LINDEFJELD, Director of International Employers' Relations at NHO.
IN SWEDEN: Mrs I. ÅKERLUND of the Ministry of Labour.
Mr B. BARREFELT of the Working Conditions Division of the Ministry of Labour.
Mrs G. PERSSON of LO.
Messrs B. JAKOBSSON of Metal Workers' Union,
T. NILSSON of the Swedish Institute for Work Life Research,
L. SYDOLF of SAF.
IN FINLAND: Professor N. BRUUN of the Institute of International Economic Law.
Mr J. LEMOLA of the Ministry of Labour.
The Finnish Embassy in France.
IN ICELAND: Mrs G. KRISTINSSON of the Ministry of Social Affairs.
IN AUSTRIA: Mesdames Dr A. RITZBERGER-MOSER of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs,
E. WINKELBAUER of ÖGB.
Messrs Dr TRITREMMEL, Dr DUNGL of the Industrialists' Association IV.
IN LDZCHTENSTEIN: Mr A. JEHLE of the Liechtenstein Employees' Association LANV.
IN FRANCE: Professor JC. JAVILLIER of the University Panthéon-Assas (Paris II) and
J.P. DURAND of the University of Evry.
Mr F. BROUAT, Head of the Workers' Representation Unit of the Department of Labour,
Employment and Vocational Training
Mrs C. ROUX of the French International Trade Office
Messrs M. BARTOLI of the University Pierre Mendès France in Grenoble,
P. FERRACCI, Managing Director of the ALPHA GROUP,
G. DE MARCO of PECHINEY.
We should also like to thank the team which has produced this report.
The views put forward in this document obviously reflect only the views of the author.