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Publié par | ruprecht-karls-universitat_heidelberg |
Publié le | 01 janvier 2010 |
Nombre de lectures | 43 |
Langue | English |
Poids de l'ouvrage | 12 Mo |
Extrait
Evolutionary patterns and processes
in the genus Potentilla L. (Rosaceae)
Dissertation
Juraj PAULE
2010
Dissertation
submitted to the
Combined Faculties for Natural Sciences and for Mathematics
of the Ruperto‐Carola University of Heidelberg, Germany
for the degree of
Doctor of Natural Sciences
presented by
Mgr. Juraj PAULE, M.Sc.
born in Zvolen, Slovakia
Oral examination: 23 July 2010
Evolutionary patterns and processes
in the genus Potentilla L. (Rosaceae)
Referees:
Prof. Dr. Marcus A. Koch
Prof. RNDr. Karol Marhold, CSc.
to my family
Contents
CONTENTS..........................................................................................................................................7
SUMMARY.........................................................................................................................................11
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG..................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................15
1.1 SOURCES OF PLANT VARIATION AND EVOLUTION...................................................................15
1.2 HYBRIDISATION, POLYPLOIDISATION AND APOMIXIS..............................................................16
1.3 POTENTILLA AS A RESEARCH TARGET.......................................................................................17
1.4 OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTERS...................................................................................................18
1.5 REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................19
A COMPREHENSIVE CHLOROPLAST DNA‐BASED PHYLOGENY OF THE GENUS
POTENTILLA (ROSACEAE): IMPLICATIONS FOR ITS GEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN,
PHYLO‐GEOGRAPHY AND GENERIC CIRCUMSCRIPTION.............................................23
2.1 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................23
2.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS........................................................................................................25
2.2.1 Plant material......................................................................................................................25
2.2.2 DNA extraction...................................................................................................................26
2.2.3 PCR and DNA sequencing.................................................................................................26
2.2.4 Phylogenetic reconstruction................................................................................................27
2.2.5 Molecular clock estimates....................................................................................................28
2.2.6 Biogeography....29
2.2.7 Diversity........30
2.3 RESULTS......................................................................................................................................30
2.3.1 Sequence variation...............................................................................................................30
2.3.2 Phylogenetic relationships...................................................................................................31
2.3.4 Diversification in time.........................................................................................................35
2.3.5 Biogeography.......................................................................................................................35
2.4 DISCUSSION.40
2.4.1 Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic implications.....................................................40
2.4.2 Biogeographic and evolutionary history..............................................................................43
2.4.2.1 history of the Potentillinae and Potentilla s.str...........................44
2.4.2.2 The colonization of North America........................................................................45
2.4.2.3 Biogeography of the Potentilla core group............................................................47
2.4.2.4 The fossil record47
2.4.2.5 Pliocenic radiations...................................................................................................49
2.5 CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................50
2.6 REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................51
POLYPLOIDY IN POTENTILLA ARGENTEA L. GROUP........................................................57
3.1 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................57
3.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS........................................................................................................60
3.2.1 Plant material......................................................................................................................60
73.2.2 Chromosome counts and DNA ploidy level estimation.......................................................60
3.2.3 DNA extraction...................................................................................................................61
3.2.4 CpDNA amplification and sequencing...............................................................................61
3.2.5 AFLP analysis.....................................................................................................................62
3.2.6 Data Analyses......................................................................................................................63
3.2.6.1 Chloroplast sequence data analysis and phylogenetic inference.......................63
3.2.6.2 AFLP data analyses...................................................................................................63
3.3 RESULTS......................................................................................................................................65
3.3.1 DNA ploidy level and cytotype distribution.......................................................................65
3.3.2 CpDNA sequence data and haplotype distribution.............................................................66
3.3.2 ce data and 67
3.3.3 AFLP analyses68
3.3.3.1 Strong genetic division of cytotypes68
3.3.3.2 Population genetic structure and diversity...........................................................72
3.3.3.3 Clonal assignment analysis and genotypic variability of populations..............72
3.4 DISCUSSION.78
3.4.1 Ploidy differentiation...........................................................................................................78
3.4.2 Origin of polyploid cytotypes..............................................................................................79
3.4.3 Reproductive modes and population genetic structure.................