In: Patrick Lavelle, Fabienne Charpentier, Cécile Villenave, Jean-Pierre Rossi, Laurent Derouard, Beto Pashanasi, Jean André, Jean-François Ponge & Nicolas Bernier, 2004. Earthworm ecology, Second edition. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp. 145-160. This chapter synthesizes information on the effects of earthworms on soil systems at scales longer than 1 year, and earthworm behavior that may affect these processes is detailed.