profil-zyak-2012

profil-zyak-2012

IP Smart Object networks also referred to as LLN Low power and Lossy Networks have unique characteristics and requirements Indeed by contrast with “typical” IP networks where powerful routers are interconnected by highly stable links LLNs are usually interconnected by low power low bandwidth links offering between a few Kbits s and a few hundreds of Kbits s In addition to providing limited bandwidth such links especially wireless are usually extremely unstable with high BER Bit Error Rate It is not unusual to see the PDR Packet Delivery Rate oscillating between and with large bursts of unpredictable errors and even loss of connectivity for some period of time Note that such behavior can be observed both for RF links such as IEEE and PLC links that exhibit similar behaviors Another characteristic of IP smart objects is that node failures for example due to energy depletion are significantly more frequent than in traditional IP networks where nodes are main powered highly redundant multi processors supporting non stop forwarding Another key characteristic is that LLNs do need to scale Some LLNs can be made of dozens and even hundreds of thousands of nodes This explains why specifying protocols for very large scale constrained and unstable environments bring its own sets of challenges For the sake of illustration other topics are discussed later one of the golden rules was to under react to failure by contrast with routing protocols such as OSPF or ISIS where the network needs to re converge within a few dozens of milliseconds This required a real paradigm shift since over reaction would lead to network collapse very rapidly Furthermore control plane overhead had to be minimized while supporting dynamic link node metrics MTR and so forth With these physical constraints and requirements this paper provides a rough first draft at describing the challenges in securing both LLNs and IP smart objects - Monique Jeanne Morrow
IP Smart Object networks also referred to as LLN Low power and Lossy Networks have unique characteristics and requirements Indeed by contrast with “typical” IP networks where powerful routers are interconnected by highly stable links LLNs are usually interconnected by low power low bandwidth links offering between a few Kbits s and a few hundreds of Kbits s In addition to providing limited bandwidth such links especially wireless are usually extremely unstable with high BER Bit Error Rate It is not unusual to see the PDR Packet Delivery Rate oscillating between and with large bursts of unpredictable errors and even loss of connectivity for some period of time Note that such behavior can be observed both for RF links such as IEEE and PLC links that exhibit similar behaviors Another characteristic of IP smart objects is that node failures for example due to energy depletion are significantly more frequent than in traditional IP networks where nodes are main powered highly redundant multi processors supporting non stop forwarding Another key characteristic is that LLNs do need to scale Some LLNs can be made of dozens and even hundreds of thousands of nodes This explains why specifying protocols for very large scale constrained and unstable environments bring its own sets of challenges For the sake of illustration other topics are discussed later one of the golden rules was to under react to failure by contrast with routing protocols such as OSPF or ISIS where the network needs to re converge within a few dozens of milliseconds This required a real paradigm shift since over reaction would lead to network collapse very rapidly Furthermore control plane overhead had to be minimized while supporting dynamic link node metrics MTR and so forth With these physical constraints and requirements this paper provides a rough first draft at describing the challenges in securing both LLNs and IP smart objects
Monique Jeanne Morrow
Convergence of Smart Objects in industrial wireless sensor network Smart Object Security Workshop Kazunori Miyazawa Yokogawa Electric Corporation Kazunori yokogawa com Introduction Process Automation Control System PACS requires high reliability because it processes hazerdous materials which are often explosive and toxic PACS has been mainly using 20mA analog communication overlaying on power supply because of its high reliablity This analog communication needs one line to transmit to single value and it is uni directional Brand new PACS introduces field bus network for communication between control systems and sensors It is bi directional digital communication and achieves to share a communication line with some devices So far PACS mainly uses wired communication but demand for wireless communication increases due to the cost merit The purpose of wireless communication is mainly monitoring at this moment Some users expect to extends it to more critical purpose such asI Os of control loops Control cycle depends on target processes or materials and every PACS needs realtimeness The control cycle is Hz in general and sometimes more faster Hz As mentioned above PACS processes hazardous materials which are sometimes explosive Hence field devices such as sensors and actuators must be intrinsically safe and low power consumption capacitance and inductance are seriously restricted Network for PACS usually equips redundancy due to the high reliability requirements Huge plant has tens of thousands of I O points and over a ten thousands field devices So that field devices and their engineering are cost sensitive If once a plant starting up and becoming production phase after construction the equipments are hardly changed and they are used years or years long The system is very static and it has long life cycle Construction and engineering of PACS are executed in parallel to shorten the time to build a plant In a user site the construction is carried out according to physical design The devices are directly delivered ... - Kazunori Miyazawa
Convergence of Smart Objects in industrial wireless sensor network Smart Object Security Workshop Kazunori Miyazawa Yokogawa Electric Corporation Kazunori yokogawa com Introduction Process Automation Control System PACS requires high reliability because it processes hazerdous materials which are often explosive and toxic PACS has been mainly using 20mA analog communication overlaying on power supply because of its high reliablity This analog communication needs one line to transmit to single value and it is uni directional Brand new PACS introduces field bus network for communication between control systems and sensors It is bi directional digital communication and achieves to share a communication line with some devices So far PACS mainly uses wired communication but demand for wireless communication increases due to the cost merit The purpose of wireless communication is mainly monitoring at this moment Some users expect to extends it to more critical purpose such asI Os of control loops Control cycle depends on target processes or materials and every PACS needs realtimeness The control cycle is Hz in general and sometimes more faster Hz As mentioned above PACS processes hazardous materials which are sometimes explosive Hence field devices such as sensors and actuators must be intrinsically safe and low power consumption capacitance and inductance are seriously restricted Network for PACS usually equips redundancy due to the high reliability requirements Huge plant has tens of thousands of I O points and over a ten thousands field devices So that field devices and their engineering are cost sensitive If once a plant starting up and becoming production phase after construction the equipments are hardly changed and they are used years or years long The system is very static and it has long life cycle Construction and engineering of PACS are executed in parallel to shorten the time to build a plant In a user site the construction is carried out according to physical design The devices are directly delivered ...
Kazunori Miyazawa
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