Fibered knots in low and high dimensions

Vincent Blanlœil

Description

Niveau: Supérieur, Doctorat, Bac+8
Fibered knots in low and high dimensions Vincent Blanlœil Abstract. This paper is a survey of cobordism theory for knots. We first recall the classical results of knot cobordism, and next we give some recent results. We classify fibered knot up to cobordism in all dimensions, and we give several examples of fibered knots which are cobordant and non isotopic. Some related results about surfaces embedded in S4 are given. ”... the theory of ”Cobordisme” which has, within the few years of its existence, led to the most penetrating insights into the topology of differentiable manifolds.” H. Hopf, International Congress of Mathematics, 1958. 1. Introduction 1.1. Historic. In the sixties, R. Fox and J. Milnor [F-M] were the first to study cobordism of embeddings of S1 in S3. Next, M. Kervaire [K2] and J. Levine [L2] studied embeddings of (2n ? 1)-spheres into codimension two spheres, and gave a classification of these embeddings up to cobordism. Moreover, M. Kervaire defined a group structure on the sets C2n?1, of cobordism classes of (2n?1)-spheres embedded in S2n+1, and C˜2n?1, of concordance classes of (2n?1)-spheres embedded in S2n+1. Remark that spherical knots were only studied as codimension two embeddings into spheres, because in the P.

• manifolds into


• dimensional knots


• knots associated


• seifert manifold


• cobordant knots


• knots isotopy


• study cobordism


• well known since


• connected manifold


• spherical knots

Sujets

• Michel Kervaire
• Seifert fiber space

Informations

• Publié par: profil-zyak-2012
• Nombre de lectures: 50
• Langue: English

Extrait

THE HEAT KERNEL ON NONCOMPACT SYMMETRIC SPACES

Jean–Philippe Anker & Patrick Ostellari InmemoryofF.I.Karpelevicˇ(1927–2000)

The heat kernel plays a central role in mathematics. It occurs in several fields : analysis, geometry and – last but not least – probability theory. In this survey, we shall focus on its analytic aspects, specifically sharp bounds, in the particular setting of Riemanniansymmetricspacesofnoncompacttype.ItisanaturaltributetoKarpelevicˇ, whose pioneer work [Ka] inspired further study of the geometry of theses spaces and of the analysis of the Laplacian thereon. This survey is based on lectures delivered by the first author in May 2002 at IHP in Paris during the Special Quarter Heat kernels, random walks & analysis on manifolds & graphs . Both authors would like to thank the organizers for their great job, as well as Martine Babillot, Gilles Carron, Sasha Grigor’yan and Jean–Pierre Otal for stimulating discussions.

1. Preliminaries We shall briefly review some basics about noncompact Riemannian symmetric spaces X = GK and we shall otherwise refer to standard texbooks ([GV]; [H1], [H2], [H3]; [Kn]) for their structure and harmonic analysis thereon. Thus G is a semisimple Lie group (real, connected, noncompact, with finite center) or more generally a reductive Lie group in the Harish-Chandra class and K is a maximal compact subgroup. Let θ be the Cartan involution and let g = k ⊕ p be the Cartan decomposition at the Lie algebra level. g is equipped with the inner product (1  1) h X Y i = − B( X θ Y )  where B is the Killing form, appropriately modified if g has a central component. (1.1) enables us to identify g with its dual g ∗ , and likewise for subspaces of g . (1.1) induces the Riemannian structure on X = GK , whose tangent space at the origin 0 = eK is identified with p . Let a be a Cartan subspace of p , let m be the centralizer of a in k and let g = a ⊕ m ⊕ { ⊕ α ∈ Σ g α  be the root space decomposition of g with respect to a . Select in a a positive Weyl chamber a + , in Σ the corresponding sets Σ + of positive roots, Σ 0 + of positive indivisible roots, Π of simple roots, and in g the corresponding nilpotent subalgebra n = ⊕ α ∈ Σ + g α . Let ̺ = 2 1 P α ∈ Σ + m α α be the half sum of positive roots, counted with multiplicities 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification . Primary 22E30, 35B50, 43A85, 58J35; Secondary 22E46, 43A80, 43A90. Key words and phrases. Abel transform, heat kernel, maximum principle, semisimple Lie group, symmetric space, subLaplacian. Both authors partially supported by the European Commission (IHP Network HARP ) Typeset by AMS -TEX 1