History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With Mexico

Project Gutenberg, William Allison Sweeney

Informations

• Publié par: nufer
• Nombre de lectures: 39
• Langue: English

Extrait

The Project Gutenberg EBook of History of the American Negro in the Great World War, by W. Allison Sweeney This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: History of the American Negro in the Great World War His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With Mexico Author: W. Allison Sweeney Release Date: August 26, 2005 [EBook #16598] Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR *** Produced by Bryan Ness and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net [Illustration: W. Allison Sweeney] HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR HIS SPLENDID RECORD IN THE BATTLE ZONES OF EUROPE INCLUDING A RESUME OF HIS PAST SERVICES TO HIS COUNTRY IN THE WARS OF THE REVOLUTION, OF 1812, THE WAR OF THE REBELLION, THE INDIAN WARS ON THE FRONTIER, THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, AND THE LATE IMBROGLIO WITH MEXICO. BY W. ALLISON SWEENEY CONTRIBUTING EDITOR OF THE CHICAGO DEFENDER. PROFUSELY AND BEAUTIFULLY ILLUSTRATED 1919 THIS HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR IS REINFORCED BY THE OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT INCLUDING TRIBUTES FROM FRENCH AND AMERICAN COMMANDERS * * * * * SPOKEN AND WRITTEN WORDS BY J. E. MORELAND INTERNATIONAL SECRETARY Y.M.C.A. ROBERT SENGSTACKE ABBOTT EDITOR CHICAGO DEFENDER RALPH TYLER EX-THIRD AUDITOR THE NAVY JULIUS ROSENWALD PHILANTHROPIST COLONEL CHARLES YOUNG UNITED STATES ARMY WILLIS O. TYLER MEMBER LOS ANGELES BAR CAPT. R.P. ROOTS VETERAN SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR * * * * * WITH A COMPLETE SUMMARY OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE 370th "OLD EIGHTH" IN THE WORLD WAR FROM THE COUNTRY'S CALL TO THE DAY OF ITS MUSTERING OUT BY CAPT. JOHN H. PATTON, ADJUTANT HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN NEGRO IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR * * * * * CONTENTS Chapter I. SPIRITUAL EMANCIPATION OF NATIONS. THE MARCH OF CIVILIZATION--WORLD SHOCKS TO STIR THE WOULD HEART--FALSE DOCTRINES OF THE HUN--THE IRON HAND CONCEALED--THE WORLD BEGINS TO AWAKEN--GERMAN DESIGNS REVEALED--RUMBLINGS IN ADVANCE OF THE STORM--TRAGEDY THAT HASTENED THE DAY--TOLSTOY'S PROPHECY--VINDICATION OF NEGRO FAITH IN PROMISES OF THE LORD--DAWN OF FREEDOM FOR ALL RACES Chapter II. HANDWRITING ON THE WALL. LIKENED TO BELSHAZZER--THE KAISER'S FEASTS--IN HIS HEART BARBARIC PRIDE OF THE POTENTATES OF OLD--GERMAN MADNESS FOR WAR--INSOLENT DEMANDS--FORTY-EIGHT HOURS TO PREVENT A WORLD WAR--COMMENT OF STATESMEN AND LEADERS--THE WAR STARTS--ITALY BREAKS HER ALLIANCE--GERMANIC POWERS WEIGHED AND FOUND WANTING--SPIRIT WINS OVER MATERIALISM--CIVILIZATION'S LAMP DIMMED BUT NOT DARKENED Chapter III. MILITARISM AND AUTOCRACY DOOMED. GERMANY'S MACHINE--HER SCIENTIFIC ENDEAVOR TO MOLD SOLDIERS--INFLUENCE ON THOUGHT AND LIVES OF THE PEOPLE--MILITARISM IN THE HOME--THE STATUSOF WOMAN--FALSE THEORIES AND FALSE GODS--THE SYSTEM ORDAINED TO PERISH--WAR'S SHOCKS--AMERICA INCLINES TO NEUTRALITY--GERMAN AND FRENCH TREATMENT OF NEUTRALS CONTRASTED--EXPERIENCES OF AMERICANS ABROAD AND ENROUTE HOME--STATUE OF LIBERTY TAKES ON NEW BEAUTY--BLOOD OF NEGRO AND WHITE TO FLOW Chapter IV. Awakening of America. President Clings to Neutrality--Monroe Doctrine and Washington's Warning--German Crimes and German Victories--Cardinal Mercier's Letter--Military Operations--First Submarine Activities--The Lusitania Outrage--Exchange of Notes--United States Aroused--Role of Passive Onlooker Becomes Irksome--First Modification of Principles of Washington and Monroe--Our Destiny Looms Chapter V. Huns Sweeping Westward. Toward Shores of Atlantic--Spread Ruin and Devastation--Capitals of Civilization Alarmed--Activities of Spies--Apologies and Lies--German Arms Winning--Gain Time to Forge New Weapons--Few Victories for Allies--Roumania Crushed--Incident of U-53 Chapter VI. The Hour and The Man. A Beacon Among the Years--Trying Period for President Wilson--Germany Continues Dilatory Tactics--Peace Efforts Fail--All Honorable Means Exhausted--Patience Ceases to be a Virtue--Enemy Abandons All Subterfuges--Unrestricted Submarine Warfare--German Intrigues with Mexico--The Zimmerman Note--America Seizes the Sword--War is Declared--Pershing Goes Abroad--First Troops Sail--War Measures--War Operations Chapter VII. Negroes Respond to the Call. Swift and Unhalting Array--Few Permitted to Volunteer--Only National Guard Accepted--No New Units Formed--Selective Draft Their Opportunity--Partial Division of Guardsmen--Complete Division of Selectives--Many in Training--Enter Many Branches of Service--Negro Nurses Authorized--Negro Y.M.C.A. Workers--Negro War Correspondent--Negro Assistant to Secretary of War--Training Camp for Negro Officers First Time in Artillery--Complete Racial Segregation Chapter VIII. Recrudescence of South's Intolerance. Confronted by Racial Prejudice--Splendid Attitude of Negro Shamed It--Kept out of Navy--Only One Percent of Navy Personnel Negroes--Modified Marines Contemplated--Few Have Petty Officers' Grades--Separate Ships Proposed--Negro Efficiency in Navy--Material for "Black Ships"--Navy Opens Door to Negro Mechanics Chapter IX. Previous Wars in Which Negro Figured. Shot Heard Around the World--Crispus Attucks--Slave Leads Sons of Freedom--The Boston Massacre--Anniversary Kept for Years--William Nell, Historian--3,000 Negroes in Washington's Forces--A Stirring History--Negro Woman Soldier--Border Indian Wars--Negro Heroes Chapter X. From Lexington to Carrizal. Negro in War of 1812--Incident of the Chesapeake--Battle of Lake Erie--Perry's Fighters 10 Percent Negroes--Incident of the "Governor Tompkins"--Colonists Form Negro Regiments--Defenders of New Orleans--Andrew Jackson's Tribute--Negroes in Mexican and Civil Wars--In the Spanish-American War--Negroes in the Philippines--Heroes ofCarrizal--General Butler's Tribute to Negroes--Wendell Phillips on Toussaint L'Ouverture Chapter XI. Hour of His Nation's Peril. Negro's Patriotic Attitude--Selective Draft in Effect--Features and Results--Bold Reliance on Faith in People--No Color Line Drawn--Distribution of Registrants by States--Negro and White Registrations Compared--Negro Percentages Higher--Claimed Fewer Exemptions--Inductions by States--Better Physically than Whites--Tables, Facts and Figures Chapter XII. Negro Slackers and Pacifists Unknown. Such Words not in his Vocabulary--Desertions Explained--General Crowder Exonerates Negro--No Willful Delinquency--Strenuous Efforts to Meet Regulations--No "Conscientious Objectors"--No Draft Evaders or Resisters--Negro's Devotion Sublime--Justifies His Freedom--Forgets His Sorrows--Rises Above His Wrongs--Testimony of Local Boards--German Propaganda Wasted--A New Americanism Chapter XIII. Roster of Negro Officers. Commissioned at Fort Des Moines--Only Exclusive Negro Training Camp--Mostly from Civilian Life--Names, Rank and Residence Chapter XIV. Across Dividing Seas. Black Thousands Assemble--Soldiers of Liberty--Severing Home Ties--Man's Work Must be Done--First Negroes in France--Meeting with French Colonials--Early History of 15th New York--They Sail Away--Become French Fighting Men--Hold 20 Percent of American Lines--Terror to Germans--Only Barrier Between Boche and Paris--Imperishable Record of New Yorkers--Turning Point of War Chapter XV. Over There. Henry Johnson and Needham Roberts--The Tiger's Cubs--Negro First to Get Palm--Johnson's Graphic Story--Smashes the Germans--Irvin Cobb's Tribute--Christian and Mohammedan Negroes Pals--Valor of 93rd Division--Laughter in Face of Death--Negro and Poilu Happy Together--Butte de Mesnil--Valiant and Humorous Elmer McCowin--Winning War Crosses--Verdict of the French--The Negro's Faith CHAPTER XVI. THROUGH HELL AND SUFFERING. COLORED OFFICERS MAKE GOOD--WONDERFUL RECORD OF THE 8TH ILLINOIS--"BLACK DEVILS" WIN DECORATIONS GALORE--TRIBUTE OF FRENCH COMMANDER--HIS FAREWELL TO PRAIRIE FIGHTERS--THEY FOUGHT AFTER WAR WAS OVER--HARD TO STOP THEM--INDIVIDUAL DEEDS OF HEROISM--THEIR DEAD, THEIR WOUNDED AND SUFFERING--A POEM CHAPTER XVII. NARRATIVE OF AN OFFICER. SPECIAL ARTICLE BY CAPTAIN JOHN H. PATTON, ADJUTANT OF 8TH ILLINOIS--SUMMARIZES OPERATIONS OF THE REGIMENT--FROM FIRST CALL TO MUSTERING OUT--AN EYE-WITNESS ACCOUNT--IN TRAINING CAMPS, AT SEA, IN FRANCE--SERVICE IN ARGONNE FOREST--MANY OTHER ENGAGEMENTS--A THRILLING RECORD--BATTALION OPERATIONS IN DETAIL--SPECIAL MENTION OF COMPANIES AND INDIVIDUALS CHAPTER XVIII. BLOOD OF BLACK AND WHITE IN ONE RIVULET. LINCOLN'S PROPHETIC WORDS--NEGROES ALONGSIDE BEST SOLDIERS IN THEWORLD--HOLD THEIR OWN--THE 372ND REGIMENT--BRIGADED WITH VETERANS OF THE MARNE--FAMOUS "RED HAND" DIVISION--OCCUPY HILL 304 AT VERDUN--NINE DAYS BATTLE IN "BLOODY ARGONNE"--ADMIRATION OF THE FRENCH--CONSPICUOUS COMPONENTS OF 372ND--CHRONOLOGY OF SERVICE CHAPTER XIX. COMRADES ON THE MARCH--BROTHERS IN THE SLEEP OF DEATH. POLICY OF SUBSTITUTING WHITE OFFICERS--INJUSTICE TO CAPABLE NEGROES--DISAPPOINTMENT BUT NO OPEN RESENTMENT--SHOWED THEMSELVES SOLDIERS--INTENSER FIGHTING SPIRIT AROUSED--RACE FORGOTTEN IN PERILS OF WAR--BOTH WHITES AND BLACKS GENEROUS--AFFECTION BETWEEN OFFICERS AND MEN--NEGROES PREFERRED DEATH TO CAPTIVITY--OUTSTANDING HEROES OF 371ST AND 372ND--WINNERS OF CROSSES CHAPTER XX. MID SHOT AND SHELL. IN TRENCH AND VALLEY--THE OPEN PLAIN--ON MOUNTAIN TOP--IN NO MAN'S LAND--TWO CLASSES OF NEGRO SOLDIERS CONSIDERED--TRAINED GUARDSMEN AND SELECTIVES--GALLANT 92ND DIVISION--RACE CAN BE PROUD OF IT--HAD SIX HUNDRED NEGRO OFFICERS--SETS AT REST ALL DOUBTS--OPERATIONS OF THE DIVISION--AT PONT