A dictionary of the English language : in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed, a history of the language, and an English grammar

Samuel Johnson, Kelly - University Of Toronto

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DICTIONARY
O F
T H E
ENGLISH LANGUAGE,
VOL
I.
/ AV
,
r
SAMUEL JOHNSON, L.L.D.
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DICTIONARY
A
OF
THE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE:
I
.V
W HIGH
THE WORDS ARE DEDUCED FROM THEIR ORIGINALS,
AND ILLUSTRATED
IN THEIR DIFFERENT SIGNIFICATIONS BY EXAMPLES"
FROM THE BEST WRITERS.
TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED,
A
HISTORY
AN
'OF.THE
AND
LANGUAGE,
ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
BY
SAMUEL JOHNSON,
LL.D.
IN
TWO VOLUMES.
VOL.
I.
THE SIXTH EDITION.
Cum
tabulis
aniinum cenforis fumet honefti
:
Auclebit qua:cunquc
parum
fplendoris habebunt,
Et fine pondere crunt, ct honore indigna fercntur, Verba moverc loco; quamvis invita recedant, Et vcrfentuT adhuc intra penetralia Vcfta;
:
Obfcurata diu populo bonus eruet, atque Proferct in luccm fpectofa vocabula rcrum,
(^i.i- prifcis
Xunc
memorata Catonibus atque Cethsgis Atus hiformis preinit et dderta vetuflas.
HOR.
LONDON:
Printed for J. F. and C. Rivr:c.Tr,\-, L. DAVIS, T. PAYKE ami Soy, T. LOSGMAX, 15. \V. Lowiinr.s, G. G. J. an, j. ROBINSON, T. C..DI LI,, Jo. JOHN ON, J. KOBSON,
I ;
LAW,
S.
W. RICHARDSON,
R.
BALDWIN, W. GOLDSMITH,
\V.
l;.
t.
J.
MURRAY, W. STUART,
Slid J.
P ...

Informations

• Publié par: iprae
• Publié le: 07 janvier 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 94
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 177 Mo

Extrait

DICTIONARY
ET HO F
LANGUAGE,ENGLISH
I.VOL/ AV
r
,
SAMUEL L.L.D.JOHNSON,
'Swtii n fti/H/tn,! S/i /,>,,/it/it />/'/>.'lr/ttit>ft/.i,/ft S/e //K/if/.i/oti /rrt/ti/fif/ (>,/.'
' f-y '
' ',/ //
***/*,Mr . /Vi y/. /. /,^/annttt // ,*/!, /!.
tjfit-./yA
DICTIONARY
OF THE
LANGUAGE:ENGLISH
.VI W HIGH
THE WORDS ARE DEDUCED FROM THEIR ORIGINALS,
IN THEIR DIFFERENT FROM THE BEST WRITERS.ILLUSTRATED SIGNIFICATIONS BY EXAMPLES"AND
TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED,
HISTORYA THE'OF. LANGUAGE,
AND
AN ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
BY SAMUEL LL.D.JOHNSON,
TWO I.IN VOLUMES. VOL.
THE SIXTH EDITION.
Cum tabulis aniinum cenforis fumet honefti :
Auclebit qua:cunquc parum fplendoris habebunt,
Et fine ct honorepondere crunt, fercntur,indigna
Verba moverc invitaloco; quamvis recedant,
Et vcrfentuT adhuc intra Vcfta; :penetralia
Obfcurata diu bonuspopulo eruet, atque
Proferct in luccm vocabulafpectofa rcrum,
memorata Catonibus(^i.i- prifcis atque Cethsgis
Xunc Atus hiformis et dderta vetuflas. HOR.preinit
LONDON:
L. T. PAYKE ami T. 15. C.for F. and C. DAVIS, Soy, DitLY,Printed Rivr:c.Tr,\-, LOSGMAX, LAW, J. DOBSLEY,J.
G. G. an, I T. C..DI ; W.\V. ROBINSON, LI,, Jo. JOHN ON, KOBSON, RICHARDSON, J. NICHOLS,Lowiinr.s, J. j. J.
W. W. P. W. S. D.R. MURRAY, STUART, Fox, OCILVIE,BALDWIN, GOLDSMITH, J. KLMSLY, HA.YES,
\V. l;. t. T. Slid Puil.I.ll':,. ;,:nl M. NiWEI, J. E'itRTON, J.
M.DCC.LXX-.WE F A CR E.
is the fate of thofe who toil at the lower of to be rather driven the fear oflife,employments by
than attracted the of to be to without of to beevil, by cenfure,profpect good; expofed hope praife;IT or for where fuccefs would have been withoutby mifcarriage,difgraced punifhed neglect, applaufe,
and without reward.diligence
thefe mortals is the writer of dictionaries havewhom mankind not as the; confidered,Among unhappy
but the flave of the of to removefcience, doomed rubbifli and clear ob-literature,pupil, pioneer only
ftructions from the which and Genius forward to and withoutpaths through Learning prefs conqueft glory,
a fmile on the humble that facilitates their other author tobeftowing drudge progrefs. Every may afpire
the can to and this haseven beenpraife; lexicographer only hope efcape reproach, negative recompenfe yet
to few.granted very
I thishave, a of the which,notwithftanding difcouragement, attempted Dictionary Engli/h language,
while it was in the cultivation of of has itfelf been hithertoliterature, -,employed every neglectedfpecies
fuffered to under the direction of into wild exuberance to the of timefpread, chance, ; refigned tyranny
and and to the of and offafhion; innovation.expofed corruptions ignorance, caprices
When I took the firft of I found our without andfurvey my undertaking, order,fpeech copious
without rules: wherever I turned there was to be and con-energetick view,my perplexity difentangled,
tofufion be choice was to be made out of boundlefs without eftablifhedregulated; variety, any principle
of felection adulterations were to be without fettled; a teft of and modes ofdetected, ;purity expreflion
to be or without the ofreceived, writers of claflical orrejected fuffrages any reputation acknowledged
authority.
therefore no afTiftance but from I to the ofour writersHaving general ;grammar, applied myfelf perufal
and whatever be of ufe to afcertain or illuftrate word or accumulated in time thenoting might any phrafe,
materials ofa I reduced to towhich, in thedictionary, method,by degrees, eftablifhing myfelf, progrefs
of the fuch rules as and to me whichwork, and ob-;experience analogy fuggefted experience, practice
fervation were and in feme words was evident incontinually which, obfcure,increafing; analogy, though
others.
In the which has tobeen this time unfettled and I found it necef-adjufting ORTHOGRAPHY, fortuitous,
to thofe that are inherent in our and coeval with fromfary diftinguilh irregularities it,tongue, perhaps
others.which the or of later writers has has itsignorance negligence produced. Every anomalies,language
and in themfelves once muft be tolerated thewhich, inconvenient,though unneceffary, among
imperfections of human whichand to be that not be and afcer-things, require only increafed,regiflered, they may
that not be confounded: buttained, has likewife its andthey may every language improprieties abfurdities,
which it is the of the to orcorrectduty lexicographer proscribe.
As was at its all words of or common ufe were be-language oral,beginning merely neceflary fpoken
fore were written and while were unfixed vifible muft have been; withthey they by any figns,
as we now obferve thofe who cannot read to catch founds and utter themgreat diverfity, imperfectly,
When this wild and barbarous was firft reduced to an endea-negligently. jargon alphabet, every penman
voured to as he the founds which he was accuftomed to or to and vi-could,exprefs, receive,pronounce
tiated in fuch words as were vitiated in The of the whenwriting already letters, theyfpeech. powers
were to a new muft have been and and therefore different hands wouldapplied language, unfettled,vague
exhibit the fame found different combinations,by
7 FromPREFACE.
of the fame whicha the variousarife in country,this uncertainFrom great partpronunciation dialects
and from thisand lefs as books are ;>fcrved to arbitrarydifferent, multipliedfewer,grow
the Saxonobfervable inthat of remains,of foundsrc'irrfv-nt.uion letters, fpellingproceeds divcrfityby
and ano-orof whichin the firft books deftroys analogy, producesand I nation, perplexeseveryfuppofc
or reformed.never be afterwards difmifiedonce cannulous formations, that, incorporated,being
fromfrom from breadthfrom dear,Of are the derivativesthis kind ftrong, darlinglength long, Jirngtb
for writesin zealand from which ;from Milton, analogy, %MJiW, dry, drought, high, height,
and to one is? all would be toode una to much, changechangeJpinis plttribust\empia jnvat
nothing.
fo differ-which are fo andmod in theis Vowels, fly pronounced,capricioufrequent
but in that toin mouth,accident or not everyent affectation, only every province,by
the deduction of one fromis to be fhewn intlu .veil known to little languageregardetymologifts,
icr.
fo in thein but ofSuch defects arc not crrours deepbarbarity imprefied Englijhorthography, fpots
muft be to remain un-never wafh them :that criticifm can thefe, therefore, permittedawaylanguage,
as theorbut words have likcwife been alteredhcd accident, by ignorance,; by depraved pro-many
be asfollowed and fome ftill continue to.on of the has been ; written,variouflyweaklyvulgar
the true which 1 haveor fkill : of thefe it was toauthors differ in their care enquire orthography,proper
totherefore referred them their lan-as on their and haveconfidered derivation, originalalways depending
after theafter the and incantation Latin thus: thus I write French, ;enchant, enchantment, enchanter,guages
buc fromit to not from die Latin the Frenche is chofcn rather than becaufe usintire, integer,paffcxl
tntur.
from thewere received Latin or theOf words it is difficult to whether immediatelymany fay they
our churches.we in we had Latin fervice in Itfince at the time had dominions is,French, France,wjien
we hav<f few Latinthat for thethe us; words,however, Frejtcb amongmy opinion, generally fupplied
which are remote from Latin.terms ofdomeftick which are not but French,ufe, French; many very
facrificethe is I have been often to toEven in words of -which derivation obliged uniformityapparent,
and deceit andI in v.-ith a numberlefscuflom thus; write, majority, convey inveigh, receipt,compliance
the as andand fometimes the derivative varies from
; primitive, explain explanation, repeatfancy phantom
ar.d
repetition.
are ufed withoutSome combinations of letters the fame difcoverableindifferently anyhaving power,
and others; which I have fometimes in-on of as inchoice, cboak, choke-, fuel,fewel, manyJoap,fope;
them under either not fearch in vain.that thofe who fearch forice, form, may
the mode of which it is infmedIn the of doubtful in theword, fpelling byexamining orthography any
of the as that to which I not often theferics is to be confidereddictionary, give, perhaps rafhly,
preference. I have in the to author his own that the readerunmolefted,left, examples, every practice may
is not to be determinedir.ce and between us : but this orfuffr.it-s, alwaysjudge queftion by reputed
have little on founds andfome intent; men, thought derivations;upon greater things,
n h . ''ted thofe in which our words are tothe ancient becommonlytongues,
fought.
itbecaufe I he derived
feajiblenefs, fuppofe imagined immediately
.1 the Laiin and fonie fuch as van.' their final; words, dependent; >:ce,dependant, dependance,
writer.as one or another is to the.;blc, language prcfent
In this of the where has wantoned without andcontroul,work,part caprice long vanity fought praife
. with a Ichol rent eI h.ivr endeavoured to for and aumation, proceed antiquity,
gram. ian's to the of I have few andour thofealterations,rrg.ml attempted few,genius tongue. among
the is from the modern to the ancient and I I be allowed to re-taps greater part pr.irtice; hope may
vhofe have been too OB verbal notthoughts perhaps employed anxioufly fingulai itics,
the ofn narrow or for minute their fathers. It hasviews, bee