A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels — Volume 02 - Arranged in Systematic Order: Forming a Complete History of the - Origin and Progress of Navigation, Discovery, and Commerce, - by Sea and Land, from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time

Robert Kerr

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• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
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Title: A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels, Vol. II
Arranged in Systematic Order: Forming a Complete History of the
Origin and Progress of Navigation, Discovery, and Commerce,
by Sea and Land, from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time
Author: Robert Kerr
Release Date: January 23, 2004 [EBook #10803]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VOYAGES AND TRAVELS, VOL. II ***
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[Transcriber's Note: The spelling inconsistencies of the original have
been retained in this etext.]
A
GENERAL
HISTORY AND COLLECTION
OF
VOYAGES AND TRAVELS,
ARRANGED IN SYSTEMATIC ORDER:
FORMING A COMPLETE HISTORY OF THE
ORIGIN AND PROGRESS
OF NAVIGATION, DISCOVERY, AND
COMMERCE,BY SEA AND LAND,
FROM THE EARLIEST AGES TO THE PRESENT
TIME.
BY
ROBERT KERR, F.R.S. & F.A.S. EDIN.
ILLUSTRATED BY MAPS AND CHARTS.
VOL. II.
WILLIAM BLACKWOOD, EDINBURGH:
AND T. CADELL, LONDON.
MDCCCXXIV.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
PART I.--(Continued.)
Voyages and Travels of Discovery, from the Era of Alfred, King of England, in
the Ninth Century, to the Era of Don Henry, Prince of Portugal, at the
commencement of the Fifteenth Century.
CHAPTER XX.
Account of various early Pilgrimages from England to the Holy Land, between
the years 1097, and 1107.
CHAPTER XXI.
Discovery of Madeira
CHAPTER XXII.
Account of the Discovery and Conquest of the Canary Islands
PART II.
General Voyages and Travels, chiefly of Discovery; from the era of Don Henry
Prince of Portugal, in 1412, to that of George III. in 1760.
BOOK I.
History of the Discoveries of the Portuguese along the Coast of Africa, and oftheir Discovery of and Conquests in India, from 1412 to 1505[A]
[A] This title was omitted to be inserted in its proper place, and may be
supplied in writing on the blank page opposite to page 23 of this volume.
CHAPTER I.
Summary of the Discoveries of the World, from their first original, to the year
1555, by Antonio Galvano
CHAPTER II.
Journey of Ambrose Contarini, Ambassador from the Republic of Venice, to
Uzun-Hassan King of Persia, in the years 1473, 4, 5, and 6; written by himself
CHAPTER III.
Voyages of Discovery by the Portuguese along the Western Coast of Africa,
during the life, and under the direction of Don Henry
CHAPTER IV.
Original Journals of the Voyages of Cada Mosto, and Pedro de Cintra, to the
Coast of Africa; the former in the years 1455 and 1406, and the latter soon
afterwards
CHAPTER V.
Continuation of the Portuguese Discoveries along the Coast of Africa, from the
death of Don Henry in 1463, to the Discovery of the Cape of Good Hope in
1486
CHAPTER VI.
History of the Discovery and Conquest of India by the Portuguese, between the
years 1497 and 1505, from the original Portuguese of Hernan Lopez de
Castaneda
CHAPTER VII.
Letters from Lisbon in the beginning of the Sixteenth Century, respecting the
then recent Discovery of the Route by Sea to India, and the Indian trade
Note . In p. 292 of this volume, 1, 2 and 18, the date of 1525 ought to have been
1505.
PART I. (CONTINUED.)
VOYAGES AND TRAVELS OF DISCOVERY,
FROM THE ERA OF ALFRED, KING OF
ENGLAND, IN THE NINTH CENTURY; TO THE
ERA OF DON HENRY, PRINCE OF PORTUGAL,
AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE FIFTEENTHCENTURY.
CHAPTER XX.
Account of Various early Pilgrimages from England to the Holy Land;
between the years 1097 and 1107 [1].
[1] Hakluyt, I. p. 44. et sequ.
INTRODUCTION.
The subsequent account of several English pilgrimages to the Holy Land.
SECTION I.
The Voyage of Gutuere, or Godwera, an English Lady, towards the Holy Land,
about 1097.
While the Christian army, under Godfrey of Buillon, was marching through Asia
Minor from Iconium, in Lycaonia, by Heraclea, to Marasia, or Maresch[1],
Gutuere, or Godwera, the wife of Baldwin, the brother of the Duke of Lorain,
who had long laboured under heavy sickness, became so extremely ill, that the
army encamped on her account near Marash, for three days, when she expired.
This lady is said to have been of noble English parentage, and was honourably
interred at Antioch in Syria[2].
[1] Now Konieh, Erekli, and Marash; the two former in Karamania, the latter
in Syria or Room.--E.
[2] For this story, Hakluyt quotes Hist Bel. Sacr. lib. iii. c. xvii. and Chron.
Hierosol. lib. iii c. xxvii.
SECTION II.
The Voyage of Edgar Aethling to Jerusalem, in 1102 [1].
[1] Hakluyt. I. 44. W. Malmsb. III. 58.
Edgar, commonly called Aethling, was son of Edward, the son of Edmond
Ironside, who was the brother of Edward the Confessor, to whom consequently
Edgar was nephew; Edgar travelled to Jerusalem in 1102, in company with
Robert, the son of Godwin, most valiant knight. Being present in Rama, when
King Baldwin was there besieged by the Turks, and not being able to endure
the hardships of the siege, he was delivered from that danger, and escaped
through the midst of the hostile camp, chiefly through the aid of Robert; who,
going before him, made a lane with his sword, slaying numbers of the Turks in
his heroic progress. Towards the close of this chivalric enterprize, and
becoming more fierce and eager as he advanced, Robert unfortunately dropt
his sword; and while stooping to recover his weapon, he was oppressed by the
multitude, who threw themselves upon him, and made him prisoner. From
thence, as some say, Robert was carried to Babylon in Egypt, or Cairo; and
refusing to renounce his faith in CHRIST, he was tied to a stake in the market-
place, and transpierced with arrows. Edgar, having thus lost his valiant knight,
returned towards Europe, and was much honoured with many gifts by the
emperors both of Greece and Germany, both of whom would gladly have
retained him at their courts, on account of his high lineage; but he despised allthings, from regard to his native England, into which he returned: And, having
been subjected to many changes of fortune, as we have elsewhere related, he
now spends his extreme old age in private obscurity.
SECTION III.
Some Circumstances respecting the Siege of Joppa, about the year 1102 [1].
[1] Hakluyt, I.45. Chron. Hierosol. IX. ix. xi. xii.
In the second year of Baldwin, king of Jerusalem, Joppa was besieged by the
Turks of Cairo; and Baldwin embarked from the town of Assur, in a vessel
called a buss , commanded by one Goderic an English freebooter, intending to
proceed to the relief of the besieged. Fixing the royal banner aloft on a spear,
that it might be seen of the Christians, they sailed boldly towards Joppa, with
but a small company of armed men. The king knew that the Christians in Joppa
were almost hopeless of his life and safety, and he feared they might
shamefully abandon the defence of the place, or be constrained to surrender,
unless revived by his presence. On perceiving the approach of the royal banner
of King Baldwin, the naval forces of the Turks, to the number of twenty gallies
and thirteen ships, usually called Cazh , endeavoured to surround and capture
the single vessel in which he was embarked. But, by the aid of GOD, the
billows of the sea raged against them, while the kings ship glided easily and
swiftly through the waves, eluding the enemy, and arrived in safety into the
haven of Joppa, to the great joy of the Christians, who had mourned him as if
dead.
While the Saracens continued the siege of Joppa, 200 sail of Christian vessels
arrived there, with pilgrims who wished to perform their devotions at Jerusalem.
Of these, the chief leaders were Bernard Witrazh of Galatia, Hardin of England,
Otho of Roges, Haderwerck, one of the principal nobles of Westphalia, and
others. This power, by the blessing of God, arrived to succour the distressed
Christians then besieged in Joppa, on the 3d of July 1102, in the second year
of Baldwin king of Jerusalem. When the numerous army of the Saracens saw
that the Christians, thus reinforced, boldly faced them without the walls, they
removed their tents, during the night, above a mile from the town, that they
might consider whether to retreat to Ascalon, or to continue to harass the
citizens of Joppa with frequent assaults. But they confided in their numbers,
and continued to annoy the Christians by severe and repeated attacks.
Having allowed three days rest and refreshment to this powerful reinforcement,
Baldwin issued out from Joppa early in the morning of the sixth of July, to the
martial sound of trumpets and cornets, with a strong force, both of foot and
horse, marching directly toward the Saracens, with loud shouts, and attacked
their army with great spirit. The land attack was assisted by the Christian navy,
which approached the shore, making a horrible no