Cattle and Their Diseases - Embracing Their History and Breeds, Crossing and Breeding, - And Feeding and Management; With the Diseases to which - They are Subject, And The Remedies Best Adapted to their - Cure
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cattle and Their Diseases, by Robert JenningsThis eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and withalmost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away orre-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License includedwith this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.orgTitle: Cattle and Their DiseasesEmbracing Their History and Breeds, Crossing and Breeding,And Feeding and Management; With the Diseases to whichThey are Subject, And The Remedies Best Adapted to theirCureAuthor: Robert JenningsRelease Date: September 26, 2007 [EBook #22771]Language: English*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CATTLE AND THEIR DISEASES ***Produced by Steven Giacomelli, Constanze Hofmann and theOnline Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net(This file was produced from images produced by CoreHistorical Literature in Agriculture (CHLA), CornellUniversity)Transcriber's Note:A number of typographical errors have been corrected. They are shown in thetext with mouse-hover popups.CATTLE AND THEIR DISEASESEMBRACINGTHEIR HISTORY AND BREEDS, CROSSING AND BREEDING, ANDFEEDING AND MANAGEMENT; WITH THE DISEASESTO WHICH THEY ARE SUBJECT, ANDTHE REMEDIES BEST ADAPTEDTO THEIR CURE.TO WHICH IS ADDED A LIST OF THE MEDICINES USED IN TREATING CATTLE.BY ROBERT JENNINGS, V. S.,PROFESSOR OF PATHOLOGY AND OPERATIVE SURGERY IN THE VETERINARY COLLEGE OFPHILADELPHIA; LATE PROFESSOR OF VETERINARY MEDICINE IN THE ...
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cattle and Their Diseases, by Robert Jennings
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Title: Cattle and Their Diseases
Embracing Their History and Breeds, Crossing and Breeding,
And Feeding and Management; With the Diseases to which
They are Subject, And The Remedies Best Adapted to their
Cure
Author: Robert Jennings
Release Date: September 26, 2007 [EBook #22771]
Language: English
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CATTLE AND THEIR DISEASES ***
Produced by Steven Giacomelli, Constanze Hofmann and the
Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
(This file was produced from images produced by Core
Historical Literature in Agriculture (CHLA), Cornell
University)
Transcriber's Note:
A number of typographical errors have been corrected. They are shown in the
text with mouse-hover popups.
CATTLE AND THEIR DISEASES
EMBRACING
THEIR HISTORY AND BREEDS, CROSSING AND BREEDING, AND
FEEDING AND MANAGEMENT; WITH THE DISEASES
TO WHICH THEY ARE SUBJECT, AND
THE REMEDIES BEST ADAPTED
TO THEIR CURE.
TO WHICH IS ADDED A LIST OF THE MEDICINES USED IN TREATING CATTLE.
BY ROBERT JENNINGS, V. S.,
PROFESSOR OF PATHOLOGY AND OPERATIVE SURGERY IN THE VETERINARY COLLEGE OF
PHILADELPHIA; LATE PROFESSOR OF VETERINARY MEDICINE IN THE AGRICULTURAL
COLLEGE OF OHIO; SECRETARY OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY ASSOCIATIONOF PHILADELPHIA; AUTHOR OF "THE HORSE
AND HIS DISEASES," ETC., ETC.
With Numerous Illustrations.
PHILADELPHIA:
John E. Potter and Company,
617 Sansom Street.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1864, by
JOHN E. POTTER,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.PREFACE.
A marked interest has of late years been manifested in our country relative to the subject of breeding and rearing
domestic cattle. This has not been confined to the dairyman alone. The greater portion of intelligent agriculturists have
perceived the necessity of paying more attention than was formerly devoted to the improvement and perfection of breeds
for the uses of the table as well. In this respect, European cattle-raisers have long taken the precedence of our own.
The gratifying favor with which the author's former publication, "The Horse and his Diseases," has been received by the
public, has induced him to believe that a work, similar in spirit and general treatment, upon Cattle, would not be without
interest for the agricultural community.
In this belief, the present treatise has been prepared. The author has availed himself of the labors of others in this
connection; never, however, adopting results and conclusions, no matter how strongly endorsed, which have been
contradicted by his own observation and experience. In a field like the one in question, assuredly, if anywhere, some
degree of independent judgment will not be censured by those who are familiar with the sad consequences resulting from
the attempted application of theories now universally exploded, but which in the day and generation of their originators
were sanctioned and advocated by those who claimed to be magnates in this department.
To the following works, especially, the author acknowledges himself indebted: American Farmer's Encyclopædia;
Stephens's Book of the Farm; Flint's Milch-Cows and Dairy Farming; Laurence on Cattle; Allen's Domestic Animals;
Youatt and Martin on Cattle; Thomson's Food of Animals; Allen's Rural Architecture; Colman's Practical Agriculture and
Rural Economy; Goodale's Breeding of Domestic Animals; and Prof. Gamgee's valuable contributions to veterinary
science.
Particular attention is requested to the division of "Diseases." Under this head, as in his former work, the author has
endeavored to detail the symptoms of the most common ailments of cattle in such a manner that every farmer and cattle-
owner can at once understand them, and also to suggest such procurable remedies as a wide experience has proved to
be most efficacious.
A generous space has been devoted to the consideration of that fatal epidemic, now generally known as "Pleuro-
Pneumonia," as it has manifested itself in Europe and this country, in the belief that a matter of such vital importance to
the stock-raiser ought to receive a complete exposition in a work like the present. As the author's personal experience in
connection with the treatment of this peculiar disease has been, perhaps, as large and varied as that of any American
practitioner, he is not without the hope that his views upon the matter may prove productive of some benefit to others.
Should the present volume prove as acceptable to those interested as did his former work, the author will be abundantly
satisfied that he has not mistaken in this instance the wants of the public.CONTENTS.
HISTORY AND BREEDS OF CATTLE, 13
The British Ox, 15
American Cattle, 21
The Ayrshire, 23
The Jersey, 30
The Short-Horns, 32
The Dutch, 36
The Hereford, 38
The North-Devon, 41
Native Cattle, 43
Natural History of Cattle, 50
Gestation, 51
Formation of Teeth, 51
Points of a Good Cow, 57
The Milk-Mirror, 61
CROSSING AND BREEDING, 77
Pregnancy, 92
Treatment Before Calving, 93
FEEDING AND MANAGEMENT, 97
Soiling, 118
Culture of Grasses for Fodder, 122
The Barn, 146
Milking, 155
Raising of Calves, 168
Points of Fat Cattle, 183
Driving and Slaughtering, 188
DISEASES AND THEIR REMEDIES, 205
Abortion, 206
Apoplexy, 215
Black-Water, 215
Bronchitis, 216
Consumption, 217
Coryza, 217
Cow-pox, 218
Diarrhœa, 219
Dysentery, 220
Enteritis, 222
Epizoötics, 224
Epizoötic Catarrh, 234
Fardel, 236
Foul in the Foot, 237
Garget, 237
Gastro-enteritis, 238
Hoose, 238
Hoove, 239
Hydatids, 240
Inflammation of the Bladder, 241
Inflammation of the Haw, 241
Inflammation of the Kidneys, 242
Inflammation of the Liver, 242
Laryngitis, 243
Lice, 244
Mange, 244
Murrain, 246
Navel-ill, 247
Obstructions in the Œsophagus, 247
Open Joints, 248
Parturition, 248
Free Martins, 251
Cleansing, 253
Inversion of the Uterus, 253
Phrenitis, 254Pleurisy, 255
Pleuro-pneumonia, 256
Pneumonia, 300
Protrusion of the Bladder, 302
Puerperal Fever, 302
Quarter Evil, 303
Rabies, 304
Red Water, 305
Rheumatism, 307
Strangulation of the Intestines, 308
Thrush in the Mouth, 308
Tumors, 308
Ulcers about the Joints, 312
Warbles, 313
Worms, 315
Worms in the Bronchial Tubes, 316
Surgical Operations, 316
Castration, 316
Tracheotomy, 319
Spaying, 320
List of Medicines used in Treating Cattle, 330
Doses of Various Medicines, 336ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
A Prize Bull, 13
The Well-fed Beasts, 19
An Ayrshire Bull, 23
A Short-horn Bull, 33
A North Devon Steer, 41
Draft Oxen, 45
Skeleton of the Ox, 50
Teeth at Birth, 52
Teeth at Second Week, 52
Teeth at Three Weeks, 53
Teeth at a Month, 53
Teeth at Five to Eight Months, 53
Ten Months Teeth, 53
Twelve Months Teeth, 54
Fifteen Months Teeth, 54
Eighteen Months Teeth, 55
Teeth at Two Years Past, 55
Teeth at Three Years Past, 56
Teeth at Four Years Past, 56
Teeth at Five Years Past, 56
Teeth at Ten Years Past, 56
A Good Milch Cow, 58
Milk-Mirror (A), 62
Milk-Mirror (B), 63
Milk-Mirror (C), 63
Milk-Mirror (D), 64
Milk-Mirror (E), 65
Milk-Mirror (F), 66
Milk-Mirror (G), 69
Milk-Mirror (H), 70
Milk-Mirror (K), 72
Milk-Mirror (L), 74
Cow and Calf, 77
Ready for Action, 83
A Sprightly Youth, 89
Feeding, 97
The Family Pets, 102
Buying Cattle, 107
Calling in the Cattle, 112
"On the Rampage", 117
Patiently Waiting, 123
A Chance for a Selection, 129
A West Highland Ox, 139
Barn for Thirty-four Cows and Three Yoke of Oxen, 150
Transverse Section, 152
Room over the Cow-Room, 153
The Preferable Method, 159
Maternal Affection, 168
Frolicksome, 177
Points of Cattle, 185
A Frontispiece, 190
Scotch Mode of Cutting up Beef, 195
English Mode of Cutting up Beef, 197
Diseases and Their Remedies, 205
A Chat on the Road, 218
The Mad Bull, 230
An Aberdeenshire Polled Bull, 244
Taking an Observation, 256
The Twins, 268
A Rural Scene, 285
Taking it Easily, 299
Home Again, 313History and Breeds
A Prize Bull
It is quite certain that the ox has been domesticated and in the service of man from a very remote period. We are
informed in the fourth chapter of Genesis, that cattle were kept by the early descendants of Adam; Jubal, the son of
Lamech—who was probably born during the lifetime of Adam—being styled the father of such as have cattle. The ox
having been preserved by Noah from the flood of waters, the original breed of our present cattle must have been in the
neighborhood of Mount Ararat. From thence, dispersing over the face of the globe—altering by climate, by food, and by
cultivation—originated the various breeds of modern ages.
That the value of the ox tribe has been in all ages and climates highly appreciated, we have ample evidence. The natives
of Egypt, India, and Hindostan, seem alike to have placed the cow amongst their deities; and, judging by her usefulness
to all classes, no animal could perhaps have been selected whose value to mankind is greater. The traditions, indeed, of
every Celtic nation enroll the cow among the earliest productions, and represent it as a kind of divinity.
In nearly all parts of the earth cattle are employed for their labor, for their milk, and for food. In southern Africa they are as
much the associates of the Caffre as the horse is of the Arab. They share his toils, and assist him in tending his herds.
They are even trained to battle, in which they become fierce and courageous. In central Africa the proudest ebony
beauties are to be seen upon the backs of cattle. In all ages they have drawn the plough. In Spain they still trample out the
corn; in India they raise the water from the deepest wells to irrigate the thirsty soil of Bengal. When Cæsar invaded
Britain they constituted the chief riches of its inhabitants; and they still