L 'attractivité de la France pour les activités de R&D

Edwige Chassagneux

Description

17 Jun 2005 – F. Sachwald/ June. 2005. 1. ENLARGEMENT AND GLOBALISATION: LOCATION AND COMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMS IN EUROPE. June 17 ...

Sujets

• Économie
• Economy

Informations

• Publié par: paul.vallen
• Nombre de lectures: 21
• Langue: English

Extrait

ENLARGEMENT AND GLOBALISATION: LOCATION AND COMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMS IN EUROPE June 17, 2005 , EESC Brussels

The Impac ’ t of EU Enlargement  on Firms Strategies and the Location of Production in Europe

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

Frédérique Sachwald IFRI

1

The Paradox of Enlargement

¾Objective of the latest enlargement

¾fear that they may represent aWestern members often burden for their own economies and the budget of the EU.

- Negotiation phase: net transfers to the future members;

- Issue of wage and tax competition; debates on trade, FDI and the potential relocation of economic activities in the new members.

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

2

ocE 0240ht eraege ln takmentlacees p eht ta mit emashe tase  enrgme   e onim cnietrgtaoin of the new memsrebats detr ni e th9019  B s. , ut  srog nopmoctiter hew ne oceotf 

3

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

ƒImpact on the location of production and competitiveness in Europe.

ƒPolicy issues .

Outline

ƒSimultaneous integration of low cost new members and increased global competition.

Solving the paradox: The Role of the Global Context

rkets. lobal ma

Increasing trade between EU15 and NMC8 Share in EU-25 exports, in % of total

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Exports intra NMC-8Exports by NMC-8 to EU15

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

Expo rts by EU15 to NM C-8

4

70

65

60

55

50

Decreasing Intra-EUTrade

Share in % of total exports by EU-15 and EU-25

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

Intra EU25

1997 1998 1999

Intra EU15

2000

2001

5

EU15Trade with NMC10 and China, 1993-2003 Rate of growth in 1993-98 and 1999-2003, %

Imports 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 France Germany EU-15 France Germany EU-15 ChinaNMC-10 1993-98 1999-2003

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

Exports

France Germany EU-15 France Germany EU-15 ChinaNMC-10 1993-98 1999-2003

6

TradeBalance UE15with NMC8 and China, 1990-2003 In euro billion

France / NMC-10 Germany / NMC-1 EU-15 / NMC-10

25 0 0 -1 20 -10 -2 15 --230 -4 10 -30 -5 5 60-4- France / China -7 0 G /nymaer 05- anihC  -8 EU-15 / China (right scale) -5 09-6- 909192939495969798992000010203 201030989920009495969709192939

.FS cahwald/ June. 2005 7

FDI in the New Member Countries

Stock of FDI, euro bn right scale; rate of growth left scale

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

NMC-8

NMC-8 grow th rate

160

140

120 100

80 60 40

20

0

8

Main investors in NMC-8 in2002 FDI stock in % of total in host countries

Lituania

Latvia

Estonia

Slovenia

Germ any France

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

NMC-8 50 40 30 20 10 0

Czech Rep.

Slovakia

Hungary

Poland

Sweden Aus tria

US

9

Evolution of the Specialization ofNMCs. 1

Traditional specialization of European peripheral countries in labor-intensive and low-tech activities.

1990s: NMCs have evolved towards more high-skilled and scale-intensive products.

Relation with FDI from EU15: 1993-2003 increasing vertical intra-industry and intra-firm trade with NMCs.

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

10

Evolution of the Specialization ofNMCs. 2

Indicator of specialization of NMC10 in their trade with EU 15

Furniture & parts Motor vehicles Internal combustion piston engines Telecommunication equipment Television receivers Equipment for distributing electricity Wood manufacture Automatic data processing machines Wood simply worked Women's clothing

F. Sachwald/ June. 2005

1993 3,1 -1.7 0.0 -1.6 0.0 0.4 1.5 -1.2 1.3 5.0

2003 4.0 3.3 3.0 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0

Change 0.9 5.0 3.0 3.1 1.4 1.1 -0.4 2.2 -0.3 -4.0

11