Heart rate variability in relation to the menstrual cycle in trained and untrained women [Elektronische Ressource] / by Spielmann, Nadine

Nadine Spielmann

Sujets

• Gesundheit

Informations

• Publié par: humboldt-universitat_zu_berlin
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2004
• Nombre de lectures: 18
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Heart rate variability in relation to the
menstrual cycle in trained and untrained
women

Inaugural dissertation to attain the academic degree
Submitted
thAt the 26 of August 2004
At the Philosophical Faculty IV
Institute of Sports Science of the Humboldt University of Berlin
By
Spielmann, Nadine
Date of Birth: 3rd of May 1975
Native place: Niedererlinsbach, Switzerland

President of the Humboldt University of Berlin
Prof. Dr. Mlynek, Jürgen

Dean of the Philosophical Faculty
Prof. Dr. phil. Benner, Dietrich

Experts:
Prof. Dr. med. Roland Wolff ed. Niklaus Friederich
PD Dr. med. Andreas Patzak

Date of viva voce:
th16 of December 2004












……………dedicated to my father.


List of contents
1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................2
2 THEORY .................................................................................................................4
2.1 Physiology ............................................................................................................4
2.1.1 The autonomic nervous system.....................................................................4
2.1.2 The cardiovascular system ............................................................................5
2.1.3 Electrocardiogram.........................................................................................7
2.1.4 The vegetative control of the heart................................................................8
2.2 Physiology of the rhythm derivation ...............................................................10
2.3 Measurement of HRV.......................................................................................12
2.3.1 Time Domain..............................................................................................14
2.3.2 Frequency Domain......................................................................................15
2.3.2.1 Frequency domain parameters in absolute values...................................16
2.3.2.2 aeters in normalized units ................................17
2.4 Physiological interpretation of HRV ...............................................................17
2.4.1 HF power and parasympathetic activity......................................................17
2.4.2 LF power and sympathetic activity.............................................................18
2.4.3 Orthostatic test............................................................................................19
2.4.4 Influence of respiration ...............................................................................22
2.5 Effect of physical activity on HRV ..................................................................23
2.5.1 Physical activity affecting the cardiovascular system.................................23
2.5.2 Exercise induced HRV changes24
2.5.2.1 HRV in sedentary subjects and athletes..................................................24
2.5.3 Training interventions and HRV.................................................................26
2.5.3.1 Short time interventions ..........................................................................27
2.5.3.2 Long tim27
2.5.4 Summary.....................................................................................................28 List of contents II

2.6 Physiological differences of genders................................................................29
2.6.1 Menstrual cycle...........................................................................................29
2.6.2 Basal body temperature...............................................................................30
2.6.3 Respiratory response...................................................................................31
2.6.4 Hormonal fluctuation in men ......................................................................32
2.7 Effect of menstrual cycle on HRV ...................................................................33
2.7.1 HRV in relation to the menstrual cycle.......................................................33
2.8 Mood state control ............................................................................................36
2.8.1 Mood state during the menstrual cycle36
2.8.2 Profile of mood state (POMS).....................................................................36
2.9 Derivation of the question ................................................................................39
2.9.1 Control parameters......................................................................................40
3 METHODS ............................................................................................................42
3.1 Experimental design .........................................................................................42
3.2 Subjects ..............................................................................................................44
3.3 Study days of men and women.........................................................................46
3.4 Procedure...........................................................................................................47
3.5 Analysis47
3.5.1 Blood borne parameters and electrolytes ....................................................47
3.5.1.1 Analysis of the electrolytes .....................................................................48
3.5.2 Hormonal analysis.......................................................................................49
3.5.2.1 Analysis of the hormones........................................................................
3.5.2.2 Intra- and interassay variance..................................................................50
3.6 Recording of electrocardiograms ....................................................................50
3.6.1 Electrocardiogram51
3.6.2 Breathing frequency....................................................................................52
3.6.3 Spiroergometric tests...................................................................................52 List of contents III

3.6.3.1 Protocol of bicycle ergometric test .........................................................53
3.6.3.2 Treadmill testing.....................................................................................53
3.6.3.3 Ventilation recording..............................................................................53
3.7 Statistical evaluation .........................................................................................54
3.7.1 Profile of mood states..................................................................................54
3.7.2 Heart rate variability ...................................................................................54
3.7.3 Reliability....................................................................................................55
4 RESULTS ..............................................................................................................56
4.1 Profile of mood state56
4.2 Blood borne parameters ...................................................................................58
4.2.1 Monitoring of the menstrual cycle ..............................................................58
4.2.2 Monitoring of hormonal fluctuation in men................................................58
4.2.3 Glucose and insulin concentration60
4.2.4 Electrolyte concentration and blood count..................................................61
4.3 Breathing frequency .........................................................................................65
4.4 Heart rate variability ........................................................................................67
4.4.1 Heart rate variability at rest.........................................................................67
4.4.1.1 Time Domain..........................................................................................67
4.4.1.2 Frequency Domain..................................................................................68
4.4.2 Heart rate variability during the menstrual cycle........................................70
4.4.2.1 Time domain...........................................................................................70
4.4.2.2 Frequency domain...................................................................................73
4.4.3 ring the orthostatic test..........................................77
4.4.3.1 Time Domain77
4.4.3.2 Frequency Domain79
4.4.4 Orthostatic test during the menstrual cycle.................................................84
4.4.4.1 Time domain...........................................................................................84
4.4.4.2 Frequency domain86 List of contents IV

4.5 Regression and correlation...............................................................................90
4.6 Reliability...........................................................................................................91
5 DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................94
5.1 Profile of mood state .......