Investigation of the distribution and activity of benthic microorganisms in coastal habitats [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Simone I. Böer

Simone Pètrement

Sujets

• Biologie

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• Publié par: universitat_bremen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 45
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 13 Mo

Extrait

Simone I. Böer
Investigation of the distribution and activity of
benthic microorganisms in coastal habitats
Bremen, September 2008 Investigation of the distribution and activity of benthic
microorganisms in coastal habitats
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften
- Dr. rer. nat. -
Dem Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie
der Universität Bremen
vorgelegt von
Simone I. Böer
Bremen
September 2008 Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde in der Zeit von März 2004 bis November 2008 am Max-
Planck-Institut für marine Mikrobiologie in Bremen angefertigt.
Gutachter:
Prof. Dr. Kai Bischof (Erstgutachter)
Prof. Dr. Antje Boetius (Zweitgutachterin)
Prüfer:
Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Hagen
Dr. Alban Ramette
Weitere Mitglieder des Prüfungsausschusses:
Christina Bienhold
Petra Pop Ristova
Datum des Promotionskolloquiums: 24. November 2008 Acknowledgements
This thesis would not have been possible without the support of many helping hands I would
like to acknowledge here:
I would like to thank my advisor Prof. Dr. Antje Boetius for accepting me as a PhD student,
for the opportunity to carry out this work at the Max Planck Institute and for supporting me
throughout my work.
The reviewers of my thesis and members of my defense committee are gratefully
acknowledged.
I am very indebted to Alban Ramette for introducing me into the (no longer) secret world of
multivariate statistics and ARISA and his invaluable support in improving this thesis,
including critical manuscript reading. He always found time to answer my numerous
questions.
Very special thanks to Carol Arnosti for giving me the possibility to do part of the research in
her laboratory at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill and for her very motivating
support with the Hausstrand activities manuscript in times I thought I could never finish the
piles of work.
Michael Böttcher and Abdul Al-Raei are thanked for splendid sampling campaigns at the
Königshafen field site and many interesting scientific discussions.
I would further like to acknowledge Justus van Beusekom for hosting me in the Hafenlabor
during Hausstrand field campaigns and for valuable insights into Wadden Sea ecology.
Very, very special thanks to Stefanie Hedtkamp for letting me know everything about the
work with sands, for shivering with me in the field and cold room, for a fun time during my
stays on Sylt, both within and outside the lab, for uncountable cups of fresh hot tea or coffee,
for constant provision of cookies, chocolate and meals and everything else I may have
forgotten. This thesis would not have been possible this way without her invaluable support.
Many, many thanks also to Susanne Menger for her wonderful technical support in the field
and laboratory on Sylt, for a fun time during long car rides and during work and for her
delicious spaghetti with tons of garlic.
Hannelore Halliger, Tatyana Romanova and the other technical staff on Sylt are gratefully
acknowledged for the logistical and technical support during field campaigns, Tanya
particularly for the nutrient analyses.
Nils Volkenborn is kindly acknowledged for introducing me into the lugworm exclusion
experiment.
Thanks also to all students on Sylt for their hospitality during long Sylt sampling campaigns,
particularly to Tina and Poldi for coffee breaks and dog walks on the beach. Many thanks also
to Steff, Nils, Imme, David, Norma and Amanda for enjoyable dinner breaks in between
sampling points and their hospitability in the “Gemeindehaus-WG” when guest houses were
again overcrowded. They made my Sylt stays an unforgettable time. Gabi Schüßler, Imke Müller, Tomas Wilkop, Viola Beier, Martina Alisch, Sabine Kühn, Silke
Wetzel, Axel Nordhaus and all the other technicians are gratefully recognized for their
invaluable help in the laboratory, particularly Gabi, Sabine and Silke who performed part of
the bacterial growth measurements and fragment analyses, respectively. Furthermore, Bernd
Stickford is acknowledged for his help in the library, and for ordering many books and
articles not available. Also, all the people in the administration and computer department are
thanked for their organizing abilities.
Very, very special thanks to my wonderful office mates (and friends) Gunter and Jan who
accompanied me throughout my entire Ph.D. and were a never ending source of information
about nearly everything, including Japanese knife forging, philosophy, all sorts of technical
equipment I had a hard time to even remember the names of, sports and everything else one
could imagine. Thanks for the scientific and non-scientific discussions, the deep insights into
men and especially for the fun time!
I would further like to thank all my other friends, colleagues and former office mates at the
institute: Enoma, Phyllis, Alban, Janine, Anna, Moritz, Hang, Friederike, Matthias,
Angélique, Kyriakos, Lars, Sergio, Elsabé, Fanni, Felix, Perran, Hans, Frank, Steffi and all
the others I may have forgotten. Thanks for the pleasant time, nice working atmosphere,
fruitful discussions and all the support.
Special thanks also to all my friends outside the MPI, Maike, Julia, Daniel, Konstanze,
Yvonne, redredred and the O-town A.M. for reminding me that there is a life besides science
and for always keeping the faith in me.
I am deeply grateful to Matthias who accompanied me with his love, patience and never
ending support.
Zuletzt möchte ich meiner Familie danken, meinen Eltern und meinen Geschwistern für ihre
stetige Unterstützung während meiner gesamten Ausbildung und dafür, dass sie immer an
mich geglaubt haben. Table of Contents
Abstract……………………………………………………………............................………………………I
Zusammenfassung………………………………………………………………………………..………..III
Chapter 1: Introduction……………………………………………………………………….1
1.1 The Continental Shelf..............................................................................................................1
1.2 Cycling of organic matter in the shelf seas………………………………………………….4
1.3 Particle transport and solute exchange processes over the sediment-water interface……….9
1.4 The special role of sandy sediments in coastal benthic ecology…………………………...15
1.5 Diversity of plants and animals and their distribution……………………………………...16
1.6 Temporal community patterns of plants and animals………………………………………19
1.7 Microbial diversity and distribution………………………………………………………..22
1.8 Temporal patterns in aquatic microbial communities……………………………………...24
1.9 Temporal microbial community patterns in marine sediments…………………………….26
1.10 Objectives of this thesis…………………………………………………………………….28
1.11 Materials and methods……………………………………………………………………...32
Chapter 2: Effect of nutrient availability on carbon and nitrogen incorporation and flows through
benthic algae and bacteria in near-shore sandy sediment…...…………………………………49
Chapter 3: Temporal variations in microbial activities and carbon turnover in subtidal sandy
sediments………………………………………………………………………………………..67
Chapter 4: Time- and sediment depth-related variations in bacterial diversity and community
structure in subtidal sandy sediments………………………………………………………….101
Chapter 5: Spatial and temporal variations in bacterial activities and community structure
associated with faunal exclusion experiments in intertidal sands of the North Sea (Sylt)……..133
Chapter 6: Summary and outlook………………………………………..……………………………….169
Appendix……………………………………………………………………………………………...…...187