Mechanisms of Cell-autonomous Resistance to Toxoplasma gondii in Mouse and Man Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln vorgelegt von Aliaksandr Khaminets aus Slonim, Weißrussland Köln 2010 Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Jonathan C. Howard Prof. Dr. Thomas Langer Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 31. 05. 2010 Table of contents 1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Infection and immunity ............ 1 1.2 Interferons and their role in cell-autonomous immunity .......................... 2 1.3 Cellular responses to interferons .............................................................. 4 1.4 Immunity-related GTPases ....................................... 7 1.4.1 Nomenclature and expression 7 1.4.2 Biochemical properties of IRG proteins ................................................. 8 1.4.3 Cellular localisation of IRG proteins ..................... 9 1.4.4 Roles of IRG proteins in immunity .........................................10 1.5 Toxoplasma gondii as a model pathogen to study human and mouse cell-autonomous response ................... 12 1.