NEW ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (doktorum rerum naturalis, Dr. Rer. Nat.) der Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie der Universität Regensburg Deutschland vorgelegt von Fredy Kurniawan aus Surabaya, Indonesia im März, 2008 NEW ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES Dissertation Submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of doctor philosophy (Dr. rer. nat) Presented by Fredy Kurniawan (Surabaya, Indonesia) March 2008 Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Germany ii This study was performed in the Institute of Prof. Dr. Otto S. Wolfbeis, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, during the period from January 2005 to January 2008 under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Vladimir M. Mirsky. Request for doctorate submitted in 22 February 2008 Date of defence: 27, March 2008 Board of examinants (Prüfungsausschuß): Chairman (Vorsitzender): Prof. Dr. Otto S. Wolfbeis First Examinant (Erstgutachter): Prof. Dr. Vladimir M. Mirsky Second Examinant (Zweitgutachter): Prof. Dr. Werner Kunz Third Examinant (Drittprüfer): Prof. Dr.