Energy saving from optimum design and control of lighting in office buildings. Demonstration project Final report

Directorate-General For Energy

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Commission of the European Communities
energy
Energy saving from optimum design
and control of lighting
in office buildings
Demonstration project
Report
EUR 9537 EN Commission of the European Communities
energy
Energy saving from optimum design
and control of lighting
in office buildings
Demonstration project
NV Nederlandse Gasunie
Laan Corpus den Hoorn, 102
Postbus 19
9700 MA Groningen
The Netherlands
Contract No EE-215-79-NL
Final report
Directorate-General
Energy
1985 EUR 9537 EN Published by the
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
Directorate-General
Information Market and Innovation
Bâtiment Jean Monnet
LUXEMBOURG
LEGAL NOTICE
Neither the Commission of the European Communities nor any person acting on
behalf on then is responsible for the use which might be made of the
following information
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication
Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1985
ISBN 92-825-5249-7 Catalogue numberl
© ECSC-EEC-EAEC, Brussels · Luxembourg, 1985
Printed in Belgium FOREWORD
This is the final report on the demonstration project:
"Energy saving from optimum design and control of
artificial lighting in office "buildings".
The following remarks can be made regarding!the setting up
and execution of this project:
Setting up of the project was facilitated by the prepara­
tory work of Messrs. H.M. Roos andP. Euser. The former was
also responsible for oo-ordinating execution of the project.
Technical supervision of the measurements was in the hands of
Mr. H.C. Peitsman. Interpretation of the measurements and
reporting were carried out by:
Messrs. H.J. Nicolaas and H.C. Peitsman -s of
energy consumption (TPD-TNO)
Mrs. P.M. van Bergem-Jansen and Mr. J.H. van der Schaaf -
lighting specialists)
Mr. J.E.F. van Dongen - acceptability survey (IMG-TNO)
Mr. H.P.M. Haen - installation and control techniques (GTI)
The above were supported by a Co-ordination Committee which
also included the following:
Messrs. W.Ch. Mallon, H.E. Ensing and S. Smit (Gasunie),
Mr. G. Eggens (GTI), Mr. M.C. van Stralen (Stokvismeettechniek)-,
Mr. G. Hietbrink (Philips Nederland B.Y.), Mr. C. Bal
(Croon & Co. B.V.) and Mr. C.K. Cramer (TPD).
The Committee owes many thanks to the participants in the
project who made its execution financially possible. In
particular, the Directors of the Gasunie who also made one of
its buildings available for the investigation.
The Committee wishes to extend its special appreciation to
the occupants of the Gasunie building involved, who sometimes
experienced great inconvenience during the project, particul­
arly in the early stages.
We would draw to your attention that once-only publication
has been authorized by the N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie with
express reservation of copyright as indicated by
"N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie 198I Groningen"
For any subsequent publication and for any other use, prior
written permission must be obtained from the N.V. Nederlandse
Gasunie. - ν
Summary and Conclusions
A demonstration project confirmed with energy-saving lighting systems
has been carried out in an office building of the N.V. Nederlandse
Gasunie in Groningen. A total of five systems, each on a different
floor of the building, were tested under comparable conditions.
The building consists mainly of small office rooms. The energy
consumption of each system was measured over a period of about one
year. In addition, an appreciation investigation was carried out.
The lighting systems were controlled in such a way as to make use
of daylight entering the building. The systems differ from each other
in their installed powers, the use or not of artificial lighting
control and in their type (background and work station lighting).
All the regulated systems showed a significant reduction in the
number of burning hours (30-40% of the maximum of 2600 burning hours)
compared with a lighting system having no regulation based on daylight-
level.
Conclusions
These conclusions apply to the lighting systems installed in the
building confirmed, with the use of central control based on the
daylight level.
- The energy savings which can be achieved with an energy-saving
lighting system can be as much as 40%.
- Work station lighting appears to lead to greater savings, combined
with good acceptance by the occupants.
- In the case of suspended fixtures note should be made of the necessity
for considerable modifications to the electrical system (dependent
on the type of building) to provide system flexibility when desks,
tables, etc. are repositioned.
- Use of background lighting supplemented by work station lighting
can also provide, a significant saving even without daylight-based
control. VI
Basis dimming allows considerable savings to be achieved, but
the installation work involved is also considerable.
The savings produced by a peak dimming system with TLD-lamps
are very small and are not unaccompanied by technical problems.
The technical development of daylight-based control equipment is
not yet complete. Although reasonably large savings appear to be
attainable with such equipment, expensive facilities for adjustment
form and important condition for its good functioning.
The occupants of any building in which the lighting system is to be
replaced by such an installation should be very carefully and-
extensibly informed, and/or should be involved in the choice of
system.
Central, daylight-dependent control systems can be introduced only
after personal consultation and must take into account the individual
requirements of the occupants.
Eor .central measurement of the daylight entering the building, the
use of a scale model appears to work better than sensors on a sill
behind a window, etc.
The final choice of system involves more factors than simply lighting
technology, cost-benefit analyses and the desire to save energy;
flexible use of the rooms, the internal operational arrangement of
the building, individual office layout and aesthetic requirements
are also of importance in this respect. VII
The Nederlandse Gasunie building used for the
demonstration project.