BRIDGE biotechnology Research for Innovation, Development and Growth in Europe (1990-1994). Final Report 1994 Vol. II

Directorate-General For Research And Innovation

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• Sciences et techniques

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• Publié par: DIRECTORATE-GENERAL-FOR-RESEARCH-AND-INNOVATION
• Nombre de lectures: 3
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 19 Mo

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ISSN 1018­5593
E UROPEAN
COMMISSION
SCIENCE
"^»H
RESEARCH
^DEVELOPMENT ■
Practical information and Programmes
BRIDGE
■
Final
Report
1994
Vol. II.
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EUR 15777 EN European Commission
Directorate-General XII
Science, Research and Development
BRIDGE
biotechnology Research for Innovation,
Development and Growth in Europe
(1990-1994)
Volume II: Final Report
Edited by
A. Vassarotti, L. Kalbe-Bournonville,
J. Baselga de Elorz and Ph. de Taxis du Poet
1995 EUR 15777 EN Published by the
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Directorate-General XIII
Science, Research and Development
L-2920 Luxembourg
LEGAL NOTICE
Neither the Commission of the European Communities nor any person acting
on behalf of then is responsible for the use which might be made of
the following information
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1995
ISBN 92-826-5408-7
© ECSC-EC-EAEC, Brussels · Luxembourg, 1995
Printed in Belgium TABLE OF CONTENTS
N-PROJECTS
AREA A: INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE
— Processing and analysis of bio(techno)logical data 3
Continuation of the expanded services of the EMBL Data
Library 5
CarbBank 10
Protein Sequence Databank4
Promotion of EMBnet: computer network for bioinfor-
matics in Europe8
Integrated data and knowledge base of protein structure
and sequence 35
Immunoclone and hybridoma database network for Europe 4
Electronic linking services for biotechnologists and
microbiologists in Europe 49
— Culture collections 53
Information Centre for European Culture Collections
(ICECC)5
Microbial Information Network Europe (MINE) 60
AREA B: ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES
— Protein design / molecular modelling 69
Engineering of microbial peptide lantibiotics for use in
agro-food and biomedical industry 71
Multidisciplinary approach to the analysis of enzyme
catalysis, protein stability and folding7
Stability studies and protein design studies with tri-
osephosphate isomerases 83
Design and engineering of alpha-helical bundle proteins:
modified structures and novel functions8
— Biotransformation 99
New ways of biotransformation in non-aqueous systems for
the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Application of supercriti­
cal gases, organic solvents, liquid membranes and
microemulsions 101
Characterization and surface properties of semi-synthetic
redox enzymes for application in biosensor devices 107
New types of redox enzymes for the production of chiral
synthons: basic research, functionalisation and application .. 126
- Ill -Enantioselective biotechnnological resolution of racemic
epoxides in the production of optically pure epoxides 132
Glycosyltransferases from Streptomycetes as tools in
biotransformations 138
DNA sequencing 145
Alternative methods of DNA-sequencing 147
AREA C: CELLULAR BIOLOGY
— Physiology and molecular genetics of industrial microorganisms 155
Integration of primary metabolism, secondary metabolism
and differentiation in Streptomyces coelicolor. A biochemi­
cal, physiological and gene tical approach 157
The production and recovery of biotechnologically impor­
tant proteins from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 16
Wide domain control of primary and secondary metabolism
in Aspergilli 179
Stability of genetic information in Bacillus 188
Physiology and molecular genetics of amino acid production
and secretion by corynebacteria: flux of intermediates and
feedback control mechanisms 197
Valorisation of non-conventional yeasts of industrial inter­
est: exploration and molecular engineering of their genetic
constituents 204
— Basic biotechnology of plants and associated microorganisms .. 21
Molecular and genetic analysis of genes controlling flower
development 219
A preface to the final reports of Bridge contracts BIOT CT-
900174 and BIOT CT-900172 225
The molecular basis of cell-cell interactions in self-incom­
patibility 228
Molecular genetics and physiology of self-incompatibility in
Brassica crops 233
Gamete differentiation and fertilization 24
Molecular control of genetic instability in regeneration of
crop plants 24
The molecular biology of the cell-to-cell movement of plant
viruses in relation to plasmodesmatal function 255
Genes required for pathogenicity of bacteria to plants and
application of knowledge in biological control of diseases of
crops 262
Molecular basis of signalling in Rhaobium meliloti-Medicago
interactions and genetic improvement of nodulation ability 268
The molecular basis of pathogenicity, avirulence and
resistance in the interaction between the fungal pathogen
Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Fulvia fulva) and tomato 277
Genetic and molecular approaches of the physiology of bac-
teroids in relation to the plant nodule metabolism 285
IV Tomato transposon tagging: Isolation of genes involved in
disease resistance, hormone biosynthesis and plant cell
development 292
Identification of regulatory genes controlling major
metabolic pathways5
The plasma membrane and the tonoplast of plant cells as
targets to increase plant productivity 304
Biotechnology of animal cells 31
Construction of artificial chromosomes for higher eucaryotic
cells 317
Improved techniques for establishing a high expression
production system for recombinant proteins from animal
cells 322
Structural and functional analysis of regulatory genes con­
trolling liver-specific proteins 32
The development of a genetic and physical map of the por­
cine genome (Pig Gene Mapping Project — PiGMap) 345
A study of fish genes and the regulation of their expression 360
Study of the Avian herpes virus genome of Marek's disease
virus 368
Development of second generation vaccines against par­
voviruses 373
Expression of foot-and-mouth disease virus empty capsid
particles in insect cells7
Towards a second generation vaccine against bovine her­
pesvirus type 1 (BHV-1): immunological characterization of
herpesviral glycoproteins and construction of BHV-1 dele­
tion mutants 382
AREA D: PRE-NORMATIVE RESEARCH
— In vitro evaluation of the toxicity and pharmacological activity
of molecules9
Development of human endothelial cell lines with preserved
morphological and functional characteristics. Utilization in
toxicological and pharmacological tests 391
Development of in vitro neural systems for the identification
of agents with toxicological and pharmacological potential . 395
Definition and scientific validation of an in vitro test for the
screening of tumor promoters and protective chemicals,
based on gap junctional intercellular communication assays
in human and animal cells 404
Development of a predictive in vitro test for detection of
sensitizing-compounds 413
Pharmacology and toxicology of differentiated cell types,
their cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction in an in vitro
reconstructed human skin model 421
Establishment of immortal differentiated hepatocyte lines
from transgenic mice harboring SV40-T-ag sequences and
their use in toxicology and molecular genetics8
- V Development of immortalized human articular cartilage cell
lines for use in physiological, pharmacological and
toxicological in vitro investigations 436
The risk potential of biotechnology-derived polypeptides
causing nephrotoxicity based on assessment in human and
animal renal cell lines using molecular and cellular biology
techniques 442
Biosafety9
Analysis of gene transfer between microorganisms and
plants 451
Fate of genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) and
genetically engineered DNA sequences (GEDs) in some
environmental hot spots8
The effects of selection on gene stability and transfer in
populations of bacteria in soil 463
Safety assessment of the deliberate release of two model
transgenic crop plants, oilseed rape and sugar beet 46
Stability, genetic transfer and ecology of fungi used as
biocontrol agents 475
Genetic tools for constructing GEMs with high predic­
tability in performance and behaviour in ecological
microcosms, soils, rhizospheres and river sediments 48
Experimental and modelling studies on the fate in soil of
introduced biologically-contained bacteria 491
An experimental approach to investigate horizontal gene
transfer between organisms 496
Safety of genetically engineered retroviruses used for gene
transfer 500
Assessment of environmental impact from the use of live
recombinant virus vaccines
Identification of genes involved in latency and reactivation
of Pseudorabies virus, use in biological containment study of
viral genomes in pigs 511
Biosafety of genetically modified baculoviruses for insect
control5
Risk evaluation for genetically modified microbial
inoculants 52
Methodology for the fast design of fungal DNA probes and
PCR primers9
T-PROJECTS 53
SEQUENCING OF THE YEAST GENOME 537