ExternE

Directorate-General For Research And Innovation European Commission

Description

Externalities of energy: Methodology 1998 update
Energy research

Sujets

• Sciences et techniques

Informations

• Publié par: DIRECTORATE-GENERAL-FOR-RESEARCH-AND-INNOVATION-EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 27
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 9 Mo

Extrait

Community Research
Studies
Extern E
Externalities
of
Energy
Vol.7
Methodology
1998 update
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Science, Research and Development
EXTERNE
EXTERNALITIES
OF
ENERGY
Volume 7: METHODOLOGY 1998 UPDATE
Edited by Mike Holland, Jacquie Berry and Dan Forster,
AEA Technology Published by the EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Research Directorate-General
LEGAL NOTICE: Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the
Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the following information.
A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int).
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1999
ISBN 92-828-7782-5
© European Communities, 1999
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
Printed in Belgium
PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The editors would like to thank the many people who have contributed to this study both
those who have been involved since the project's inception and those who have joined the
project team as it has progressed. We thank them for the provision of data and for the many
helpful discussions which have taken place during the course of the project. In particular, we
would like to thank the numerous contributors to the ExternE Project, and the teams from Oak
Ridge National Laboratory and Resources for the Future for their collaboration during the first
phase of the project, and continued contact since and our colleagues at various institutes for
their assistance with this project.
The authors would particularly like to thank Mr Pierre Valette and Mme Huguette Laval from
Directorate General XII, at the European Commission for their support for the project; and the
European Commission for the financial support given under the JOULE Programme. AEA
Technology would also like to thank the UK Department of Trade and Industry and the
Environment Agency for their interest and the cofunding received for the UK contribution to
this study. CONTRD3UTORS
AEA Technology, Oxfordshire, UK M. Holland
J. Berry
P. Watkiss
R. Boyd
D. Forster
D.Lee
CEPN, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France T. Schneider
C. Scheiber
' V. Tort
M. Dreicer
CIEMAT J. Montes
P. Linares
A. Prades
CSERGE G. Atkinson
D. McCoy
A. Rabl Ecole des Mines, Paris France
P. Curtiss
J. Spadaro
T. Downing ECU, University οΓ Oxford, UK
Eyre Energy Environment, Cumbria, UK N. Eyre
FUCAM L. Eeckhoudt
W. Krewitt 1ER, University of Stuttgart, Germany
R. Friedrich
A. GreBmann
P. Mayerhofer
T.Heck
A. Tnickenmüller
IOM, Edinburgh, UK F. Hurley
P. Donnan
Β. Miller
Α. Pilkington
ITE, Cumbria, UK M. Hornung
H.Jones
D. Howard
G. Howson
U. Rosengren-Brinck
R.Tol IVM
Metroeconomica A. Markandya
I. Milborrow
University of Exeter B. Lockwood
S. Ascari y of Pavia
M. Bernasconi
ZEW Κ. Rennings
I. Kuhn
H. Wiggering FOREWORD
The ExternE Project commenced in 1991 as the European part of a collaboration with the US
Department of Energy in the 'EC/US Fuel Cycles Study'. Successfuln at that time
produced a workable methodology for detailed quantification of the external costs of fuel
cycles. A series of reports were published in the USA and in Europe in 1994 and 1995, the
European reports covering:
• Volume 1 : Summary
•e 2: Methodology
• Volume 3: Coal and Lignite
•e 4: Oil and Gas
• Volume 5: Nuclear
• Volume 6: Wind and Hydro
Continued funding allowed the European study team to expand in the next phase of the study
which ran from 1996 to 1997, bringing in additional expertise, and broadening the
geographical coverage of the study within the European Union. By this time all EU Member
States except Luxembourg were included, and from outside the EU, Norway.
At the end of that phase three further reports were produced by the European team of which
this is one:
• Volume 7: Methodology Update 1998
•e 8: Global Warming Damages
• Volume 9: Waste, PV, New Power Technologies and End Use Technologies
As is evident from its title, this report supersedes the original Volume 2 on methodology.
Elements of the earlier report have been retained where appropriate. However, this report
mainly consists of new or revised text, reflecting the significant advances made to the end of
1997. A further report covering the results of the ExternE National Implementation study
from 1996 to 1997 is also to be published.