Summary of Anne F. Hyde's Born of Lakes and Plains

Everest Media

Description

Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book.
Sample Book Insights:
#1 The story of John Johnston, an Irishman, and his Ojibwe wife, Green Prairie Woman, is a passage in the history of mixing blood between Europeans and Indians.
#2 The Hudson’s Bay Company, an English corporation created through royal charter, began operations in 1670. The decades-long conflict between European nations and Native Americans spread from New England to the Appalachian backcountry.
#3 The Hudson’s Bay Company was created in 1670 to trade fur with the Cree Indians. However, when the company sent ships to Hudson’s Bay, they found solid ice, and the ships had to sail south along the coast of Newfoundland to fish. When they returned in August, the Crees had already headed inland.
#4 The English doubled down on Hudson’s Bay. They realized that a successful trade required permanent forts where goods and supplies could be stored over long winters when ice and snow sealed off access to the region.

Sujets

• Social history

Informations

• Publié par: Everest Media LLC
• Date de parution: 28 mars 2022
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781669368182
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Insights on Anne F. Hyde's Born of Lakes and Plains
Contents Insights from Chapter 1 Insights from Chapter 2 Insights from Chapter 3 Insights from Chapter 4 Insights from Chapter 5 Insights from Chapter 6 Insights from Chapter 7 Insights from Chapter 8 Insights from Chapter 9 Insights from Chapter 10 Insights from Chapter 11 Insights from Chapter 12
Insights from Chapter 1

#1

The story of John Johnston, an Irishman, and his Ojibwe wife, Green Prairie Woman, is a passage in the history of mixing blood between Europeans and Indians.

#2

The Hudson’s Bay Company, an English corporation created through royal charter, began operations in 1670. The decades-long conflict between European nations and Native Americans spread from New England to the Appalachian backcountry.

#3

The Hudson’s Bay Company was created in 1670 to trade fur with the Cree Indians. However, when the company sent ships to Hudson’s Bay, they found solid ice, and the ships had to sail south along the coast of Newfoundland to fish. When they returned in August, the Crees had already headed inland.

#4

The English doubled down on Hudson’s Bay. They realized that a successful trade required permanent forts where goods and supplies could be stored over long winters when ice and snow sealed off access to the region.

#5

By the end of the seventeenth century, war threatened both family making and the fur business. In response, Native people began exchanging gifts and people in hopes of restoring peace.

#6

The Iroquois and the Great Lakes Indians had built Indigenous heartlands in the interior of the continent in the era of European trade. They created new networks of allies as they exchanged furs, European trade goods, and family members. The peace gave Great Lakes peoples a chance to re-create their former power.

#7

As peace allowed the English and French to expand their trade with Native Americans, demand for fur exploded in Europe. As prices doubled in both the London and Paris markets over the eighteenth century, the number of furs crossing the Atlantic quadrupled.

#8

The Native Americans and European fur traders made a mixed-descent families, which were a key component of the global fur trade.

#9

Étienne Waddens was a Swiss Protestant who was hired by the British to fight the French in North America. He became a trader, and in 1772 he received a license to trade at Grand Portage, a connecting point between far northern winter posts and the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence transportation routes.

#10

The fur trade required marriages between traders and Native people, which were often called mariage à la façon du pays. These unions mixed French, Indian, and British customs. They were legitimate marriages, and the Catholic Church approved them.

#11

The Cree, who were skilled with horses, moved to the Canadian plains to hunt bison. They made canoes, built fish weirs, and tapped maple trees. They spread south from Hudson’s Bay Company as the fur trade expanded throughout the 1700s.

#12

The fur trade was extremely popular in the eighteenth century, and it was common for traders to have mixed-blood children. Marguerite grew up in a fur trade fort near Cree villages in the Saskatchewan Valley, and she learned how to smoke meat and fish, and how to skin animals.

#13

During the French and Indian War, Ojibwe fought valiantly to protect their homes and livelihoods. They took all the forts that the French and English had built in the region, including Michilimackinac.

#14

The American Revolution shifted imperial control over the region once more. In the aftermath of the war, thousands of Native and English people fled into Canada. The Ojibwe and Dakota Sioux fought each other in 1780, leaving trade and travel between Michilimackinac and the upper Mississippi almost impossible.

#15

In 1794, Johnston arrived at Michilimackinac. He was resourceful and lucky, and was able to build a cabin with the help of a French-Canadian and Cree translator named Florentin. He was able to feed an Ojibwe elder named Ma-Mongazid and his two wives, who had been left hungry and cold by traders.

#16

In 1792, John Johnston, an Irish immigrant to Canada, asked Waubojeeg for his daughter’s hand in marriage. Waubojeeg refused, explaining that Ojibwe parents often arranged marriages for their children, but Ozhaguscodaywayquay was wary of marrying an Irish immigrant.

#17

After their fall marriage in 1792, Susan Johnston and John Johnston had their first difficult weeks together. Susan was 16 years old, and she was forced to become Susan, pin her braids back, and perform the ordinary tasks of an Ojibwe woman.
Insights from Chapter 2

#1

The American Revolution did not just redraw borders, but it initiated decades of war as Native people resisted efforts to take their land. White Americans felt besieged and endangered, and called on their government to retaliate against the blood left by Indian violence.

#2

The American government’s promise of profit through settlement and trade with the Indians was dashed when officials refused to coddle the Indians with gifts and diplomacy.

#3

The Hudson’s Bay Company was the largest fur company in the 1780s, and it used the American Revolution to expand its operations. It employed thousands of people in a distant colony, and its furs ended up in London hat factories.

#4

The fur trade was a crucial part of the economy in the eighteenth century. It was a conglomeration of small companies, but the North West Company eventually challenged the HBC. The Cree and Assiniboine bands that were part of the trade settled together with former fur traders.

#5

The canoes and their loads of fur packs and trade goods were often portaged, or carried around impossible rapids or shallows. They had to be sturdy and light. The men and boys chose the trees best suited for the boats’ ribbed superstructure.

#6

The competition between the North West Company and the Hudson’s Bay Company was becoming deadly. The North West Company, operated by British, Scottish, and Anglo-American loyalists who had fled the American colonies during the American Revolution, competed viciously with the Hudson’s Bay Company.

#7

Alexander McKay was a clerk in the fur trade, and he was transferred to the Upper English River Department in what is now Saskatchewan in 1795. His brother, William, had founded that post.

#8

The North West Company, a competing company in the fur trade, had large western posts that allowed them to access extensive hunting ranges and a network of Native villages. They would spend five months waiting for the rivers to melt, and in bad winter weather, McKay would give workers moose or caribou skins to make moccasins.

#9

The trading post at Fort Chipewyan was run by Alexander McKay, who was a partner in the North West Company. He made and repaired woolen pants and coats for his family, and he greeted Cree hunters and their bands when they arrived.

#10

The fur trade marriage between John and Susan Johnston and the Odawa tribe was very important for the both of them. It allowed them to develop new family ties and trade with the Odawa, who were a crucial part of the fur trade.

#11

After the American Revolution, the Jay Treaty between the United States and Britain drew a border that put the southern shore of Lake Superior in U.