Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology E-Book

Andrew Thomson

Description

Wherever you study or practise obstetrics and gynaecology, a sound knowledge of the clinical aspects will underpin your understanding of the specialty and maximise your ability to make a difference to the care of women and babies.

A perfect companion to Kumar and Clark’s Clinical Medicine, this new edition continues to provide an excellent grounding and framework for handling clinical problems in obstetrics and gynaecology.

• Highly illustrated with clear, full-colour line drawings and colour photos.
• Summary boxes and tables throughout.
• Key-points boxes at the end of each chapter.
• The latest information for statistics and genetics.
• Forward-looking approach to obstetrics and gynaecology.
• History and ethics boxes throughout.
• Organized into three sections: Fundamentals, Gynaecology, and Pregnancy and the puerperium.

• New section on sexual and reproductive health
• New chapter on surgery to aligned with the RCOG undergrad curriculum
• Anaesthesia chapter totally reworked.
• Increased coverage of ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage.
• Fully revised and updated throughout.

Informations

• Publié par: Elsevier
• Date de parution: 19 février 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780702054105
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 16 Mo

Extrait

Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Third Edition
Brian A. Magowan, MB, CHB, FRCOG, DIPFETMED Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, The Borders General Hospital, Melrose UK
Philip Owen, MB, BCH, MD FRCOG Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Princess Royal Maternity Unit, Glasgow UK
Andrew Thomson, MB CHB, MRCOG, MD Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley UK
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright page
Dedication
Foreword
Preface
Contributors
SECTION 1: Fundamentals
1. Clinical pelvic anatomy
Introduction
Obstetric anatomy
The pelvic organs during pregnancy
Anatomical points for obstetric analgesia
Gynaecological anatomy
Anatomy of the lower urinary tract
2. Human embryogenesis
Introduction
Nomenclature
Fertilization to implantation (0–6 GD)
Implantation and formation of the germ layers (7–18 GD)
Organogenesis (19–56 + GD)
3. History and examination
Introduction
Gynaecological history
Gynaecological examination
Obstetrical history
Obstetrical examination
4. Imaging in obstetrics and gynaecology
Introduction
Obstetrics
Gynaecology
SECTION 2: Gynaecology
5. Paediatric gynaecology
Introduction
Normal puberty
Delayed puberty
Precocious puberty
Abnormal genital tract development
Sexual abuse
Paediatric vaginal discharge
6. Disorders of sex development (DSD)
Introduction
Definitions
Some fundamental principles
Normal sex differentiation
Genital differentiation
Incidence of DSD
Classification of DSD
Summary
Management and prospects
7. The normal menstrual cycle
Introduction
Endocrine control of the menstrual cycle
The ovarian cycle
The uterine cycle
Other cyclical changes
8. Amenorrhoea
Introduction
Primary amenorrhoea
Secondary amenorrhoea
Summary of clinical management
9. Infertility
Introduction
Definitions
Age and fertility
Causes of infertility
Diagnosis
History and examination
Investigations and their interpretation
Treatment
Assisted conception
The UK Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act
10. Early pregnancy care
Miscarriage
Sepsis
Recurrent miscarriage
Conclusion
11. Heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhoea
Heavy menstrual bleeding
Dysmenorrhoea
12. Pelvic pain
Introduction
History
Examination
Acute pelvic pain
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP)
13. Endometriosis
Introduction
Incidence
Aetiology
Clinical presentation
Examination
Endometriosis and infertility
Investigation
Management
Fertility treatment
Complications, prognosis and long-term sequelae
14. Premenstrual syndrome
Introduction
Aetiology
Clinical presentation
Differential diagnosis
Management
15. The menopause
Introduction
Physiology
Signs and symptoms (Table 15.1)
Long-term effects
Osteoporosis
Diagnosis
Hormonal therapy
Non-hormonal treatment
16. Genital prolapse
Introduction
Aetiology
Classification
Symptoms
Signs
Management
17. Urinary incontinence
Introduction
Types of urinary incontinence
The mechanism of continence
Aetiology
Clinical presentation
Diagnostic evaluation
Treatment
18. Ovarian neoplasms
Introduction
Natural history
Aetiology
Pathology
Spread
Presentation
Investigation and staging
Tumour markers
Treatment
Survival
19. Uterine neoplasia
Introduction
Incidence
Aetiology
Clinical features and diagnosis
Pathology
Prognostic factors
Treatment
Recurrence
Summary
20. Cervical neoplasia
Introduction
Cervical intraepithelial and cervical cancer screening
Cervical cancer
21. Gestational trophoblastic disease
Introduction
Trophoblast cells in health and disease
Premalignant GTD
Malignant GTD (Table 21.1)
Management of molar pregnancies
Follow-up after a molar pregnancy
Management of malignant GTD
22. Disorders of the vulva
Introduction
Examination of the vulva
Simple vulval conditions
Infection
Dermatoses
Pruritus
Vulvodynia
Vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)
Vulval carcinoma
23. Gynaecological surgery
Introduction
Preoperative counselling
Common gynaecological operations
Surgical anatomy
Laparoscopic surgery
Postoperative management
Postoperative complications
SECTION 3: Reproductive health
24. Sexually transmitted infections
Introduction
Principles of STI management
Sexual history
Examination for genital infections
Taking samples for genital infections
Symptoms associated with genital infections
Specific infections
Systemic presentations of sexually transmitted infections
25. Sexual problems
Introduction
Normal sexual response
The effect of age
The functions of sex
History-taking
Female sexual dysfunction
Male sexual dysfunction
Treatment of sexual problems
Conclusion
26. Termination of pregnancy
Introduction
Worldwide perspectives
UK perspectives
Legal and ethical aspects
Counselling before abortion
Pre-abortion investigations
Methods of abortion
Complications of abortion
Abortion aftercare
Conclusion
27. Contraception
Introduction
Methods of contraception
Non-hormonal contraception
Natural family planning
Emergency contraception
Sterilization
SECTION 4: Pregnancy and the puerperium
28. The physiology of pregnancy
Introduction
Respiratory system
Cardiovascular system
Blood, plasma and extracellular fluid volume
Blood constituents and anaemia
Haemostasis in pregnancy
Renal system
Endocrine system
Gastrointestinal system
Liver and bile ducts
Skin and appendages
Metabolic changes
Calcium homeostasis
Placental transfer
Immunology
Summary
29. Strategies to improve global maternal and neonatal health
Estimates of global maternal and neonatal mortality
Obstetric causes of maternal mortality
Medical conditions contributing to maternal mortality and morbidity
Strategies to improve global maternal and newborn health
Availability and quality of care
30. Antenatal care
Introduction
The booking visit
Antenatal surveillance
Prolonged pregnancy
Antenatal assessment of fetal well-being
Common antenatal problems
Patient education
Drug misuse
31. Postnatal care
Introduction
Normal puerperium
Postnatal problems
32. Medical disorders in pregnancy
Introduction
Diabetes mellitus
Venous thromboembolic disease
Cardiac disease
Connective tissue disease
Epilepsy
Hepatic disorders
Renal disorders
Respiratory disorders
Thrombocytopenia
Thyroid disorders
33. Prenatal diagnosis
Introduction
Non-directive counselling
The spectrum of congenital abnormality
Assessing the risk
Screening for fetal abnormalities
Structural and chromosomal abnormalities
Prenatal congenital infection
Termination of pregnancy for fetal abnormality
34. Obstetric haemorrhage
Introduction
Definitions
Antepartum haemorrhage (APH)
Intrapartum haemorrhage
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH)
35. Small babies
Introduction
Accuracy of dating
Small-for-gestational-age (SGA)
Fetal growth restriction (FGR)
Aetiology
Screening and diagnosis
Management
Long-term implications of FGR
36. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy
Introduction
The scale of the problem
Definitions
Chronic hypertension
Gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
HELLP syndrome
37. Prematurity
Introduction
Definitions
Aetiology and predisposing factors
Identifying women at increased risk of pre-term birth
Prevention of the onset of pre-term labour
Diagnosis and management of pre-term labour
Inhibition of pre-term labour
Pre-term pre-labour rupture of the membranes (PPROM)
Delivery and optimizing neonatal outcome
38. Multiple pregnancy
Introduction
The nature of twinning and chorionicity
Maternal complications
Fetal complications
Antenatal problems specific to monochorionic twin pregnancies
Management of pregnancy
Management of twin delivery
Triplets and higher multiples
39. Fetal haemolytic disease
Introduction
The blood group system
Pathophysiology of haemolytic disease
Incidence
Aetiology and predisposing factors
Prevention of haemolytic disease
Prediction of at-risk pregnancies
Fetal assessment and t