Squaring the Circle

Sujets

• Médecine
• Pregnancy
• Midwifery

Informations

• Publié par: Pinter & Martin Limited
• Date de parution: 01 janvier 0001
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781780664415
• Langue: English

Extrait

SQUARING THE CIRCLE
Normal birth research, theory and practice in a technological age
SQUARING THE CIRCLE
Normal birth research, theory and practice in a technological age
Edited by Soo Downe and Sheena Byrom
Squaring the Circle: Normal birth research, theory and practice in a technological age
First published by Pinter & Martin Ltd 2019
© 2019 The individual authors, except where indicated
The authors have asserted their moral rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act of 1988.
All rights reserved
ISBN 978-1-78066-440-8
Also available as ebook
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade and otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form or binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
Layout: Thorsten Knaub
Index: Helen Bilton
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Contents
Foreword
Fran McConville and Neel Shah
Chapter 1
Squaring the circle: why physiological labour and birth matter in a technological world
Soo Downe, Sheena Byrom and Anastasia Topalidou
PART I: THE NATURE AND CONTEXT OF NORMAL BIRTH
Chapter 2
Nature and consequences of oxytocin and other neurohormones during the perinatal period
Sarah Buckley and Kerstin Uvnäs Moberg
Chapter 3
Anatomy and physiology of labour and associated behavioural clues
Helen Cheyne and Margaret Duff
Chapter 4
The ‘trusting communion’ of a positive birth: an existential perspective
Gillian Thomson and Claire Feeley
Chapter 5
What works to promote physiological labour and birth for healthy women and babies?
Mercedes Perez-Botella, Logan van Lessen, Sandra Morano and Ank de Jonge
PART II: PHILOSOPHIES AND THEORIES
Chapter 6
From being to becoming: reconstructing childbirth knowledge
Soo Downe and Christine McCourt
Chapter 7
Risk, safety, fear and trust in childbirth
Mandie Scamell, Nancy Stone and Hannah Dahlen
Chapter 8
The role of emotion, empathy, and compassion in organisations
Susan Crowther, Cary L. Cooper, Fiona Meechan and Neal M. Ashkanasy
Chapter 9
Progressive understanding of human rights in maternity care: from individual rights to systemic issues
Nicola Philbin and Rebecca Schiller
Chapter 10
Media representation of childbirth
Lesley Kay, Vanora Hundley and Nadia Tsekulova
Chapter 11
Choice, continuity and control: a clarion call to putting women at the centre of their care, and supporting normal birth
Sally Tracy and Lesley Page
Chapter 12
Sustainability of maternity care in a neoliberal health environment: the potential of the midwifery model
Lorna Davies
PART III: NEW THINKING IN THE FIELD: THE INTERCONNECTIVITY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL, EMOTIONAL, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES
Chapter 13
Epigenetics in healthy women and babies: short and medium term maternal and neonatal outcomes
Soo Downe, Holly Powell Kennedy, Hannah Dahlen and Jeffrey Craig
Chapter 14
The microbiome relating to labour and birth
Holly Jenkins and Matthew Hyde
Chapter 15
Interconnectivity in the birth room
Athena Hammond and Maralyn Foureur
Chapter 16
Approaches to pain in labour: implications for practice
Nicky Leap, Elizabeth Newnham and Sigfridur Inga Karlsdottir
Chapter 17
Precision maternity care: using big data to understand trends and to make change happen
Melissa Cheyney and Lilian Peters
PART IV: ENVIRONMENTS AND ARCHITECTURES
Chapter 18
Designing space and place of birth
Neel Shah and Nicoletta Setola
Chapter 19
Natural connections: biophilic birthplace design
Martin Brown and Tracey Cooper
Chapter 20
Healthy settings and birth
Mark Dooris and Lucia Rocca-Ihenacho
PART V: MAKING CHANGE HAPPEN
Chapter 21
Implementation science in maternity care
James Harris, Michelle Newton, Kate Dawson and Jane Sandall
Chapter 22
Optimising physiological birth for women and babies with complex needs
Shawn Walker
Chapter 23
Quality midwifery care for all women and all infants: learning from and using The Lancet Series on Midwifery
Mary Renfrew and Petra ten Hoope-Bender
Chapter 24
From disrespect and abuse to respectful and compassionate care: a global perspective
Nicholas Rubashkin and Elena Ateva
Chapter 25
Innovations around the world: case studies of change towards normal labour and positive childbirth
Lisa Bernstein, Tracey Cooper, Ramón Escuriet, Evita Fernandez, Tamsyn Green, Sandra Morano, Mary Newburn, Yoana Stancheva and Melanie Wendland
Chapter 26
Improvements in maternity services through birth activism
Daniela Drandić, Mill Hill and Duncan Fisher
Chapter 27
Between the circle and the square
Sheena Byrom and Soo Downe
Contributor Biographies
Index
FOREWORD
In 2019, women and their families want more from childbirth than simply emerging from the process unscathed. A global consensus exists on the need to ensure that, for every woman, newborn and family, pregnancy and childbirth is not only safe, but is a memorable and rewarding experience filled with love and joy. However, it is a sobering statistic that every day an estimated 380 women die as a result of pregnancy and childbirth, and 7,000 newborns die as a result of being born. It is of great concern that more than half these deaths arise not from an absence of care, but from poor quality of care provided in facilities. This is unconscionable in the 21st century.
We are immediately faced with a challenge: how do we address the tension of providing quality, compassionate care for the vast majority of healthy women and newborns experiencing normal physiological birth, while ensuring the survival of women and newborns who urgently require advanced interventions? This is of particular importance in a decade of dramatic escalation in the use of new technology and intervention in pregnancy and childbirth, around the globe.
Squaring the Circle asks different questions, challenges assumptions to existing knowledge, behaviour and practice. It opens up a groundbreaking approach to finding a range of solutions. Key to most of the chapters is the agency of women and newborns, and the impact of the relationship between the woman and her care provider. The book explores the amazing interconnections between the complex psychological, emotional and physical processes of physiological childbirth with companionship and why place of birth is important. It highlights emerging knowledge on the positive, and negative, impacts of (over-) intervention. The text raises a fundamental precautionary issue about the risk of disrupting millions of years of finely tuned evolution as a result of the rapid escalation to most women and babies of ‘just in case’ clinical and pharmacological interventions that were originally designed only for those with complications. It brings together new science on endocrinology, epigenetics and the microbiome, and digs deep into current assumptions on how to best care for women and their newborns.
The anthology includes perspectives from researchers around the world, based in a range of professional and academic disciplines. It seeks a critical shift in the development and use of evidence in policy and practice. It resets goals for one of the most important events in the lives of all humans: childbirth. This book must be read, and used widely to ensure that all women and newborns everywhere are given the best quality of care and that they not only survive, but thrive and live long and healthy lives enabling them to transform our societies and our world.
Fran McConville , WHO
Neel Shah , MD, Assistant Professor of Obstetrics, Harvard Medical School
CHAPTER 1
Squaring the circle: why physiological labour and birth matter in a technological world
Soo Downe , Sheena Byrom and Anastasia Topalidou
Introduction
The childbirth agenda has changed dramatically over the last decade. In 2004, it was largely taken for granted that both improving the safety and wellbeing of mothers and babies and minimising unnecessary intervention in childbirth were important goals (Downe 2004). However, at the same time as survival rates of women and babies have improved in most (though not all) countries around the world, concern about safety has increased in the public debate, particularly in high-income countries with low rates of maternal and infant deaths. This has occurred in parallel with technological innovation that has brought measuring and monitoring of physical signs closer to individuals, through smartphones and fitness devices. This combination offers the seductive promise of personalised/precision medicine. The argument goes as follows: if only measurement and monitoring can take place at the individual level, from the genetic to the physical, it will be possible to predict, prevent and treat any or all risks and actual pathologies, and reduce harms to zero . Such thinking promotes technical solutions as superior to simple physiology. It can even create an environment where it becomes a moral duty for each individual to submit to assessment of their current health status, to establish their risk for a whole range of future illnesses, and to accept prophylactic treatment of these potential future illnesses. The promise is that this will ensure the optimum health of the population, and especially a healthy old age, even if the identification of potential (but not actual) risk is associated with an increase in anxiety and a reduction in social, psychological, and/or emotional wellbeing.
However, acting on the promise of perfect health without clear evidence that it can indeed be fulfilled comes