The Comprehensive Textbook of Biomechanics

Jim Richards

Description

ALL-ENCOMPASSING and EXPANDED, now covering the WHOLE BODY (lower quadrant PLUS upper quadrant and spine) – The Comprehensive Textbook of Clinical Biomechanics (formerly Biomechanics in Clinic and Research) presents the latest research in a form which is accessible, practical, thorough and up-to-the minute.

• Starts from basic principles and builds up to complex concepts

• Highly practical with a constant clinical emphasis

• Written for all health care professionals including physiotherapists and podiatrists

• Addition of upper quadrant and spine

• Title has changed to truly reflect the resource’s expanded and comprehensive approach

• Case studies and additional clinical examples

• New methods in EMG analysis

• Updated elearning course which is compatible with tablet and mobile devices

• A global team of writers

Sujets

• Physical Therapy
• Allied Health Services
• Medical
• Médecine

Informations

• Publié par: Elsevier
• Date de parution: 29 mars 2018
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780702064951
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 22 Mo

Extrait

The Comprehensive
Textbook of Clinical
Biomechanics
SECOND EDITION
Jim Richards BEng, MSc, PhD
Professor of Biomechanics
Lead for the Allied Health Research Unit
University of Central Lancashire
Preston, UK
For Elsevier
Commissioning Editor: Rite Demetriou-Swanwick/Poppy Garraway
Development Editor: Joanna Collett/Veronika Watkins
Project Manager: Andrew Riley
Designer: Paula Catalano
Illustrator Manager: Amy Faith HeydenTable of Contents
Cover image
Title Page
Copyright
Editor
Contributors
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Book Structure
Section 1 Mechanics and Biomechanics Theory
1 Maths and Mechanics
1.1 Key Terminology
1.2 Maths
1.3 Mechanics
Summary: Maths and Mechanics
2 Forces, Moments and Muscles
2.1 Centre of Mass
2.2 Anthropometry
2.3 Methods of Finding Moments, Muscle and Joint Forces2.4 Joint Moments, Muscle Forces and Joint Forces in the Lower Limb
2.5 Calculation of Moments, Muscle and Joint Forces in the Upper Limb
Summary: Forces, Moments and Muscles
3 Ground Reaction Forces and Plantar Pressure
3.1 Ground Reaction Forces During Standing
3.2 Ground Reaction Forces During Walking
3.3 Centre of Pressure and Force Vectors During Normal Walking
3.4 Impulse and Momentum
3.5 Integration and the Area Beneath Data Curves
3.6 Ground Reaction Force Patterns During Running
3.7 Plantar Pressure
Summary: Ground Reaction Forces, Impulse and Momentum
4 Motion and Joint Motion
4.1 Movement Analysis in Clinical Research
4.2 The Gait Cycle
4.3 Normal Movement Patterns During Gait
Summary: Motion and Joint Motion
5 Work and Power During Human Movement
5.1 Linear Work, Energy and Power
5.2 The Relationship Between Force, Impulse and Power
5.3 Angular Work, Energy and Power
5.4 The Relationship Between Moments, Angular Velocity and Joint Power During
Normal Gait
5.5 The Relationship Between Moments, Angular Velocity and Joint Power During
Running
5.6 Joint Power During the Vertical Jump Test
5.7 Body Segment Energy
Summary: Work, Energy and Power6 Inverse Dynamics Theory
6.1 Introduction to Inverse Dynamics
6.2 A Simple Wheel
6.3 Body Segments
6.4 Joint Forces
6.5 Joint Moments
6.6 So Why Does It Have to Be so Complex? A Comparison of the Simple and
Advanced Models
6.7 So What Effects Do the Simple and Advanced Methods Have on Moments
and Power Calculated During Gait?
Summary: Inverse Dynamics Theory
Section 2 Methods of Measurement and Modelling
7 Measurement of Force and Pressure
7.1 Methods of Force Measurement
7.2 Methods of Measuring Pressure
Summary: Measurement of Force and Pressure
8 Methods of Analysis of Movement
8.1 Early Pioneers of Movement Analysis Equipment
8.2 Simple Measurement of Temporal and Spatial Parameters
8.3 Potentiometers, Electrogoniometers, Accelerometers, and Inertial
Measurement Units
8.4 Camera Movement Analysis Systems
8.5 Configurations for Camera-Based Motion Capture
Summary: Methods of Analysis of Movement
9 Anatomical Models and Marker Sets
9.1 Lower-Limb Marker Sets
9.2 Methods of Identifying Anatomical Landmarks
9.3 Foot Models
9.4 Models for the Trunk and Spine9.5 Shoulder Modelling
9.6 Biomechanical Models Using Inertial Measurement Units
9.7 Coordinate Systems and Joint Angles
Summary: Anatomical Models and Marker Sets
10 Electromyography
10.1 Background to Electromyography
10.2 Methods of Detecting the EMG Signal
10.3 Which Factors Affect the Quality of the EMG Signal?
10.4 Processing the EMG Signal
10.5 EMG Decomposition
Summary: Electromyography and Measurement of Muscle Function
Section 3 Clinical Assessment
11 The Biomechanics of Clinical Assessment
11.1 Kinetic Chains
11.2 Sitting to Standing
11.3 The Timed Up-and-Go Test
11.4 Steps and Stairs
11.5 Squats and Dips
11.6 Gait Initiation
11.7 Muscle Strength and Power Assessment
11.8 Clinical Assessment of Muscle Strength
11.9 Isokinetic and Isometric Testing
11.10 Assessment of Joint Control and Quality of Movement
11.11 Biofeedback
11.12 Proprioception
11.13 Assessment of Physiological Cost
Summary: The Biomechanics of Clinical Assessment12 Biomechanics of Orthotic Management
12.1 Foot Orthoses
12.2 Management of the Ankle Joint Using Orthoses
12.3 Management of the Knee, Ankle and Foot Using Orthoses
12.4 Management of the Knee Moments Using Orthoses/Braces
12.5 Management of Translational Forces at the Knee Moments Using Braces
Summary: Biomechanics of Orthotic Management
13 Biomechanics of the Management of Lower Limb Amputees
13.1 Chapter Introduction
13.2 Types of Prostheses
13.3 Early Gait Retraining
13.4 Level Walking
13.5 Stair Walking
Summary: Biomechanics of the Management of Lower Limb Amputees
References
Glossary of Terms
IndexC o p y r i g h t
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
First edition 2008
Second edition 2018
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
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Print with eLearning Course ISBN: 978-0-7020-5489-1
eBook with eLearning Course ISBN: 978-0-7020-6495-1
Text-only ISBN: 978-0-7020-5490-7
Text-only eBook ISBN: 978-0-7020-7468-4
Previous edition ISBN: 978-0-443-10170-0
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research
and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods,
professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and
knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or
experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be
mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom
they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are
advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featuredor (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the
recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and
contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own
experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine
dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all
appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors,
or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or
property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use
or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the
material herein.
Printed in ChinaEditor
Jim Richards Beng, MSc, PhD
Jim Richards was appointed Professor in Biomechanics and research lead for Allied
Health Professions at University of Central Lancashire in 2004. Professor Richards'
work includes the clinical application of biomechanics, the development of new
assessment tools for chronic disease, conservative and surgical management of
orthopaedic and neurological conditions, and development of evidence based
approaches for improving clinical management and rehabilitation. The focus of
Professor Richards work is to encourage inter-professional research and to develop
direct parallels with research to the ‘real world’ of allied health work. Professor
Richards holds a number of International Professorial Chair positions and is an
associate editor for “The Knee” and on the editorial board for “Gait and Posture”.
Professor Richards has authored over 130 peer reviewed journal papers, over 170
conference papers and written and edited a number of textbooks including
Biomechanics in Clinic and Research (2008) and the 5th edition of Whittle's Gait
Analysis (2012). He has also contributed to Tidy's Physiotherapy (2003, 2008, 2012),
the 10th edition of Mercer's Textbook of Orthopaedics and Trauma (2012), Experimental
Research Methods: A Guidebook for Studies in Trauma Care (2015) and Patellofemoral
Pain: A Clinical Guide (2017).Contributors
Nachiappan Chockalingam BEng, MSc, PhD, CEng, CSci, PFHEA, Professor of
Clinical Biomechanics in the School of Life Sciences and Education at Staffordshire
University, UK
Paola Contessa BSc(Eng), MSc(Eng), PhD, Research Scientist at Boston
University, Research Scientist at Delsys Inc., USA
Carlo J De Luca PhD, was Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Founder and
Director of the NeuroMuscular Research Center, Research Professor of Neurology,
Profess