The classical origins of nineteenth-century social theory are illuminated in this sequel to the award-winning Classical Horizons: The Origins of Sociology in Ancient Greece. George E. McCarthy stresses the importance of Aristotle and Kant in the creation of a new type of social science in the nineteenth century that represented a critical reaction to Enlightenment rationality and modern liberalism. The seminal social theorists Marx, Durkheim, and Weber integrated Aristotle's theory of moral economy and practical wisdom (phronesis) with Kant's theory of knowledge and moral autonomy. The resulting social theories, uniquely supported by a view of practical science that wove together science and ethics, proved instrumental to the development of modern sociology and anthropology. Acknowledgments
Introduction Conversing with Traditions: Ancients and Moderns in Nineteenth-Century Practical Science
1. Aristotle on the Constitution of Social Justice and Classical Democracy
Happiness as Virtue, Nobility, and Reason Defending Moral Economy (Oikonomike) Against Political Economy (Chrematistike) Ancient Dreams of Reciprocal Grace and Communal Justice Friendship of Brothers and Commonwealth of Citizens Practical Wisdom as Deliberation and Discourse Classical Democracy in Herodotus, Pericles, and Thucydides Constitution and Law in the Ideal Polity Collective Judgments and Discursive Rationality in Classical Democracy
2. Aristotle and Classical Social Theory: Social Justice and Moral
Economy in Marx, Weber, and Durkheim Human Need, Emancipation, and Communal Democracy in Marx Understanding, Historical Hermeneutics, and Practical Science in Weber Science of Morality, Functionalism, and Democratic Socialism in Durkheim
3. Kant on the Critique of Reason and Science
Hume’s Empiricism and Theory of Sensuous Impressions Skepticism and the Crisis of Modern Reason Kant’s Critical Theory of Knowledge and Judgment Transcendental Aesthetic and Theory of Representations Transcendental Analytic, Categories of the Understanding, and Theory of Objectivity Revolution in Subjectivity and Objectivity Imagination and the Synthetic Unity of Self-Consciousness Practical Reason, Moral Autonomy, and the Kingdom of Ends
4. Kant and Classical Social Theory: Epistemology, Logic, and Methods in Marx, Weber, and Durkheim
Dialectical Science and the Critique of Political Economy in Marx Disenchantment of Reason and Demystification of Objectivity in Weber Moral Ideals and Social Theory of Representations in Durkheim
Conclusion Dreams of Classical Reason: Historical Science between Existentialism and Antiquity
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Extrait
GEORGE E. McCARTHY
Dreams in Exile Rediscovering Science and Ethics in NineteenthCentury Social Theory
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DREAMS IN EXILE
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DREAMS IN EXILE
Redîscoverîng Scîence and Ethîcs în Nîneteenth-Century Socîal Theory
GEORGE E. MCCARTHY
State University of New York Press
Puîŝhéd State University of New York Press, Albany