Policy Audit

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• Publié par: Theyr
• Nombre de lectures: 54
• Langue: English

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DISABILITY POLICY AUDIT
IN NAMIBIA, SWAZILAND, MALAWI AND MOZAMBIQUE
July, 2008
Principal Investigator: Dr Raymond Lang
The Leonard Cheshire Disability
and Inclusive Development Centre
University College London
4 Taviton Street
Leonard
London WC1H OBTCheshire
United KingdomDisability
Email: [e-mail]
Tel: [phone]SAFOD UCL*
Southern African Federation of the Disabled
Commisioned by: SAFOD
This report is an output from a project funded by the UK Department
For International Development (DFID) for the project of developing
countries. However, the views expressed and information contained in
it are not necessarily those of or endorsed by DFID, which can accept
no responsibility for such views or information or for any reliance placed
on them.Table of Contents
Acknowledgements 1
List of Abbreviations 2
Chapter One: Introduction 3
1.1 Preamble 3
1.2 Research Objectives 3
1.3 The Research Team 3
1.4 Methodology 4
1.5 Structure of the Report 5
Chapter Two: Namibia 6
2.1 Introduction 6
2.2 Political, Social and Economic Context 6
2.3 Prevalence Rates and Living Conditions of Disabled People in Namibia 8
2.4 SINTEF Disability Living Conditions Survey, 2004 9
2.5 Principal Findings and Inferences from Fieldwork 10
2.5.1 Constitutional Position of Disabled People in Namibia 10
2.5.2 Responsibilities for Disability Issues with the Namibian Government 11
2.5.3 National Disability Policy in Namibia (1997) 12
2.5.4 The National Council Disability Act (2004) 15
2.5.5 National Policy for Mental Health (2005) 16
2.5.6 Policy on Orthopaedic Technical Services (2001) 17
2.5.7 National Policy on Special Needs and Inclusive Education (2008) 18
2.6 Disabled People’s Organisations 19
2.7 Non-Governmental Organisations in the Disability Sector 20
2.8 Conclusion 20
Chapter Three: Swaziland 22
3.1 Introduction 22
3.2 Political, Social, Economic and Historical Context 22
3.3 Background Literature Review 24
3.3.1 The Right of Association 24
3.3.2 The National Development Strategy (1997) 24
3.3.3 Special Education and Accessibility (National Development Strategy 1997) 25
3.3.4 Social Security and Welfare (National Development Strategy 1997) 26
3.3.5 National Educational Policy (1999) 26
3.3.6 Swaziland National Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS (2000-2005) 26
3.4 Principal Findings and Inferences from Fieldwork 27
3.4.1 The Constitutional Status of Disabled People in Swaziland 27
3.4.2 Disability Prevalence Rates 27
3.4.3 Attitudes towards Disability Issues 28
3.5 Results and Findings from Fieldwork
3.5.1 Government Commitment to Disability Issues and Engagement with 29
Disabled People’s Organisations
3.5.2 Institutional Framework for Disability Issues 29
3.5.3 Role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) working in the Disability Sector 30
3.5.4 HIV/AIDS and Disability 313.6 Evidence Gathered during Key Informant Interviews 31
3.6.1 Senior Officials Working in Relevant Government Ministries 31
3.6.2 Leaders of the national disability movement: Organizations of/for People with 33
Disabilities and Disabled People’s Organizations (DPOs)
3.6.3 Representatives from Bilateral and Multilateral Donor Agencies 34
3.7 Summary of Discussions and Interviews 34
3.7.1 Summary of Focus Group Discussions 34
3.7.2 Summary of Key Informant Interviews 34
3.8 Conclusion 35
Chapter Four: Malawi 37
4.1 Introduction 37
4.2 Historical, Economic and Political Context 37
4.3 Background Literature Review 38
4.3.1 SINTEF Disability Living Condition Survey, 2004 38
4.4 Principal Findings and Inferences from Fieldwork 41
4.4.1 Prevalence of Disability in Malawi 41
4.4.2 Constitutional Position of Disabled People 41
4.4.3 Government Responsibility for Disability Issues 42
4.4.4 The National Policy on Equalisation of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities 2006 43
4.4.5 Special Needs Education 44
4.4.6 Community-Based Rehabilitation and Inclusive Education in Malawi 45
4.5 Disabled People’s Organisations in Malawi 46
4.6 Conclusion 47
Chapter Five: Mozambique 49
5.1 Introduction 49
5.2 Historical, Economic and Political Context 49
5.3 Principal Findings and Inferences from Fieldwork 52
5.3.1 Estimates of Number of Disabled People 52
5.3.2 Constitutional Position of Disabled People in Mozambique 53
5.3.3 National Policy on Disability 1999 54
5.3.4 HIV/AIDS and Disability 55
5.3.5 Provision of Disability Services 55
5.3.6 Provision of Health and Rehabilitation Services 56
5.3.7 Disability and Employment Policy 56
5.3.8 Landmine Survivor Assistance 57
5.4 Evidence gathered during Focus Group Discussions 57
5.5 Conclusion 58
Chapter Six: Conclusion 59
6.1 Introduction 59
6.2 General Observations 59
6.2.1 Political Commitment to a Rights-Based Approach to Disability Policy Development 59
6.2.2 Disability Statistics 60
6.3.3 Lack of Administrative Infrastructure 60
6.3.4 Effectiveness of Disabled People’s Organisations in Lobbying Government 61
6.4 Stepping Stool to Inclusion 61
6.5 The Research Process 66
6.6 Recommendations for Further Research 66
Appendix I: Published Terms of Reference for the Research 68Acknowledgements
Many people had been instrumental in ensuring that this research has been successfully completed. First
and foremost, my sincerest thanks to be given to all those who participated in focus group discussions and
key informed interviews in Namibia, Swaziland, Malawi and Mozambique. Many were very generous in the
amount of time that they made available to the researchers, and without their input, this research will not
have been completed. I would also like to thank Ms Sebenzile Matsebule and Mr Forward Mlotshwa who
became an integral part of the research team, not least for conducting fieldwork in Swaziland, Mozambique
and Malawi, often in adverse conditions. There could also be expressed to Mr Andreas Peltzer, Director of
Cheshire Homes Namibia, for organising the logistics and setting up meetings for the fieldwork in the country.
Similarly, sincerest thanks should be expressed to Save the Children Fund (Swaziland) for their logistical
support to Sebenzile Matsebule during her field visit.
I would also like to extend my sincerest gratitude to Nicki Bailey, Administrator at the Leonard Cheshire
Disability and Inclusive Development Centre, University College London, who provided invaluable
administrative support throughou t the project, not least proof-reading the final draft chapters at very short
notice. Dr Maria Kett, Assistant Director at the Centre, has proved to be of great benefit to the project,
and played a very important role as an intellectual mentor by providing a critique of the findings, inferences
and recommendations that have been generated from this research. Last but by no means least, thanks to
be given to be Southern Africa Federation of the Disabled who, through the Department for International
Development, providing the funding by which this research could be undertaken.
Dr Raymond Lang
Research Fellow
Leonard Cheshire Disability and Inclusive Development Centre
University College London
July, 2008
Disability Policy Audit : 2008
1List of Abbreviations
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AMEDO The Mozambican Association of Disabled People
CBR Community-Based Rehabilitation
CRPD UN Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disability
DFID Department for International Development
DPO Disabled People’s Organisation
DPP Disability and Development Partners
CIDA Canadian International Development Agency
ESRA The Economic and Social Reform Agenda
FAMOD Forum for Mozambican Association of Disabled People
FEDOMA Federation of Disability Organisations in Malawi
FODSWA Federation Organization of People with Disabilities in Swaziland
FRELIMO Front for the Liberation of Mozambique
GDP Gross Domestic Product
HIV Human Immunodefiency Virus
ILO International Labour Organisation
MDG Millenium Development Goals
NDS National Development Strategy
NFPDN National Federation of Persons with Disabilities in Namibia
NGO Non-Governmental Organisation
OSSREA Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa
PWD Person/People with Disabilities
PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers
SAFOD South African Federation of the Disabled
SCF Save the Children Fund
SNE Special Needs Education
SINTEF The Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research, Norwegian Institute of Technology
SWAPO South-West People’s Organisation
UN United Nations
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
USAID United States Agency for International Development
VET Vocational Education and Training
Disability Policy Audit : 2008
2Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Preamble
This disability policy audit research has been commissioned by the Southern Africa Federation of the Disabled
(SAFOD), under the auspices of its disability research programme, which is funded by the UK Department for
International Development (DFID). The provides an analysis of disability policy and practice in four
Southern African countries: Namibia, Swaziland, Malawi and Mozambique.