Network of Networks for Research and. Cooperation in Cultural Development. C o n f e r e n c e R E A D E R. eCulture : the European perspective. Cultural ...
Network of Networks for Research and
Cooperation in Cultural Development
C o n f e r e n c e R E A D E R
eCulture : the European perspective
Cultural policy-Knowledge industries-Information lag
24-27 April 2003,
Zagreb, Croatia,
Organising committee: Sanjin Dragojević, Cas Smithuijsen, Diane Dodd and Daniela Jelinčić with help and
advice from Biserka Cvjetičanin, Pavle Schremadei, Jordi Pascual i Ruiz and Cathy Brickwood.
Reader compiled and edited by Diane Dodd with help from Daniela Jelinčić, Nina Obuljen and Lee, Sun-Kyung.Index
Part I: Messages of welcome Page II
Dorota Ilczuk, CIRCLE Page III
Biserka Cvjetičanin, Culturelink Page IV
Part II: Programme Page V
thFriday 25 April Page V
thSaturday 26 April Page VII
Part III: Participants list Page IX
Part IV: Introduction Page XIV
Ritva Mitchell
Part V: Papers and biographies from key speakers
Page 1 eCultural Policies: existing/future strategies
Don Foresta Page 01
Jos de Haan Page 05
Josep Langer Page 18
Creative Industries: common denominators and trends Page 23
Geoffrey Brown Page 23
Delia Ruxandra Mucica Page 30
Dona Kolar-Panov Page 37
eCulture and New Economy: inclusion or exclusion? Page 43
Dick Stanley Page 43
Jesse Marsh Page 57
Kazimierz Krzysztofek Page 63
Application of ICTs in the field of Culture: the arts and heritage Page 69
Daniela Živković Page 69
Caroline Pauwels Page 71
Aleksandre Horvat Pa81
Colin Mercer Page 84
Part VI: Logistics: existing on-line resources Page 90
Introduction by Svetlana Jovičić Pa90
International initiative: Compendium Page 91
National initiative: Canada Page 92
City initiative: Barcelona Page 97
On-The-Move.org Page 102
RECAP and a multilingual thesaurus Page105
Culturelink WWW resource centre Page107
Cultural Policy Research On-line Page111
IFACCA on-line resources Page11 3
Other selected eCulture initiatives Page11 5
Part VII: Additional papers
Page 118
Creative industries study in Vienna Page 11 8
Efforts to preserve digital heritage, Korea Page 11 9
Digitisation and establishment of a database
on the Kyujanggak archives Page 122
Part VIII: Bibliography Page 125
Books Page 125
Papers Page 133
Policy Documents Page136
Part IX: Background InformationPage 137
CIRCLE and Culturelink
Part X: Sponsors Page 138
ii Part I: Messages of Welcome
In the present world, where communication is carried out under the sign of a huge
influence of the synergic market effect, freedom and technique, we deal with two types of
participation in culture: such, which in the larger area of our planet still remains an
analog culture and the web culture. We live in a transitional period between the
domination of analog and digital culture. Digitalization creates potential
opportunities of activeness for everyone but for long, or maybe even always, there will be
a distinction between its active and passive consumers.
According to prognoses, tree quarters of the discussed generation, which is of course in
the countries saturated with computerization, will spend in the cyberspace 80% of free
time. And where people want to be, an offer appears immediately. The question is, what
is it going to be like?
It seems to be forejudged, that the world will become not an Internet global village but
a federation of villages on the globe. At present a similar process is undergoing in the
Internet: it’s English language resources slowly, but systematically are shrinking in
relation to other languages, although it will remain there the most important one. The
internauts more often want to surf in their “own village” rather then in a global
village.
It will depend on the Europeans themselves, how much of the area they will stock, tame
and mark with their own cultural code. It is now known for certain, that no one will
remain solely analogue, everyone will to a larger or smaller extent become a member of
the web-world. For... the generation born after 1985 Internet and mobile phones, are not
just media, they have now become a social environment, in which one settles and lets
out ones energy. It is a parallel world. How will one share life between these two worlds?
The internet is not only sesame but also a rubbish heap of culture. It cannot be
otherwise as it is as a flooding river, which can be deep only in its bed. This river-bed is
and will remain to be the attainments of many generations of European culture.
So much for reflections on the subject to which the 16th Circle’s Round Table is devoted.
Surely the debates that will be undertaken will concern these issues and will bring at
least partially the answers to the arisen questions. This year we have the privilege of co-
organizing The Round Table with Culturelink. For years now it has been a favorable
cooperation and so it pleases me that it is crowned with a conference of the round table
– the leading activity of Circle. I thank for this Biserka and Sanjin.
For the first time the Circle’s Round Table conference was not preceded with an
international comparative research. It is a pity that due to a short period of time
between the conference in Rome (November 2003) and Zagreb such research could not
have been done, as that is what usually distinguishes the Circle’s conferences. I thank
those who responded to the call for papers, as well as the organizing committee. I hope
that as in the case of the extremely successful Rome Round Table conference on
financing culture from state lottery funds, the gathered materials will allow to publish
not only conference materials but a separate book publication. I wish all productive
discussions in the beautiful Zagreb.
Dorota Ilczuk
President of CIRCLE
iii
Dear participants, dear colleagues,
It gives me great pleasure to welcome you to this international conference on eCulture:
the European Perspective, a topic of great importance at the time of rapid change. The
conference is being jointly organized and hosted by the world CULTURELINK Network
and the European CIRCLE Network. The CULTURELINK Network was established in 1989
by UNESCO and the Council of Europe, which decreed that the new network should be
headquartered in Zagreb, Croatia. During the past ten years or so, CULTURELINK and
CIRCLE have enjoyed excellent co-operation in research projects on topics of vital
importance for global cultural development, the creation of cultural policy databases,
joint publication of books and periodicals, exchange of information and expertise on
intercultural dialogue.
Such co-operation is perhaps the best indicator of networks as dynamic systems of
communication, exchange and partnership, characterized by openness and flexibility.
Networks make possible the coexistence of messages coming from different cultures,
tolerant relations among cultures, easier access to information and to different forms
of cultural creation – all of this in the interest of democratization of communication.
Modern societies are facing serious challenges and undergoing a real metamorphosis.
The transformational changes at work today involve all aspects of our lives: the spread
of knowledge, forms of social interaction, education, economic practices, culture and
the media. Cultural diversity is one of the dominant themes in present day world
communication. Therefore, the greatest value of networks is the possibility they offer for
an interactive cultural dialogue, the ‘networking of cultures’, with each culture
preserving and promoting its specific character, its identity, and having equal access to
artistic and cultural expression.
eCulture should be viewed in the light of cultural changes and new developments in
information and communication technologies. In this light, eCulture appears as a
multi-layered complex phenomenon which needs to be studied from a variety of aspects –
cultural policy, new economy, existing on-line resources. I am sure that such topics will
attract the attention of the participants, CIRCLE and CULTURELINK members, as well as
others interested in the subject, and that they will give a new impetus to the ongoing
debate on virtual reality and real cultural life, which will find its place in the World
Summit on Information Society, to be held in Geneva in December this year.
I wish the two networks, CIRCLE and CULTURELINK, much success in their future co-
operation, and to the participants of this conference I wish a warm welcome, fruitful
deliberations, and a pleasant stay in Zagreb, the seat of the CULTURELINK Network.
Biserka Cvjetičanin
Deputy Minister of Culture
Honorary Director, Culturelink Network
iv Part II: Programme
th - Culturelink/IMO premises Thursday, 24 April 2003
16.00h – 17.30h CIRCLE Board Meeting
17.45h – 19.00h CIRCLE AGM
From 20.00h: Welcoming party – “Klub književnika” restaurant caffe, Trg bana Jelačića 7,
sponsored by the HT, Croatian Telecom
thFriday, 25 April 2003 – The Mimara Museum
From 08.30h: Registration of participants
09.00h – Opening of the round table and welcoming addresses
Biserka Cvjetičanin, Deputy Minister of Culture and Honorary Culturelink Director (Croatia)
Zdenko Franić, Deputy Minister of Science and Technology (Croatia)
Dorota Ilczuk, President of CIRCLE and assistant Professor of Economics, Jagiellonian University,
(Poland)
Kathrin Merkle, Cultural Policy and Action Department, Cultural Policies Research and
Development Unit, Council of Europe
09.30h – Session 1
eCultural Policies: existing/future strategies
Session chair, Zrinjka Peruško, Head of the Culture and Communication Department, Institute for
International Relations, Zagreb.
Rapporteur, Lidia Varbanova, Director of the Arts and Culture Network, Open Society Institute
Don Foresta, Sen