Développement technique de l'Internet : rapport remis à M.Christian Pierret, secrétaire d'Etat à l'industrie

(*DD7FH/H0LGGL76

PYH37DDH5H6H

7H-06LEKH/H3&6HHF6HH

& : I I : E D 3 E D 7 : R 6 F 1 H

 0 F L G H L * 6 3 L H F F H H

 * 6 3 H R J 1 : H 6 5   J 1 J j <  $ D 5 K I J H : 6

* 6 % F * 6 O 7 L G $ , F * 5 * H L -

5 1 D I < 6 3 1 5 H 6 5 K F H E 8 H 1 = = 6 5  1 3 J : E D 8 E K L 6 H D 6 = 6 D J 1 < F E K H < 1 I E 3 : R J R 5 6 <  : D 7 E H = 1 J : E D 

* : J 6 : 6 2 9 J J F   = : I I : E D  5 J :  : D H : 1  7 H
    & : I I : E D  R L 6 < E F F 6 = 6 D J , 6 3 9 D : G K 6 5 6 <  $ D J 6 H D 6 J


&:II:ED<EL66=FFRD6J<:DJ6H:DKG665D6J6J93
%6JJH656=:II:EDE:DQH11D-6&j$,)&I
&:D:IJqH656<3EDE=:656I:D1D36I6J56<$D5KIJH:6
%6*63HRJ1:H65J1Jj<$D5KIJH:6
31H:I<6=1HI

&EDI:6KH<6:H63J6KH

%6 8EKL6HD6=6DJ 1 5R3:5R 56 71:H6 56 <6DJHR6 56 <1 H1D36 51DI <1 IE3:RJR 56
<:D7EH=1J:ED <KD6 56I FH:EH:JRI j IED 13J:ED %6 5RL6<EFF6=6DJ 56 <1 IE3:RJR 56
<:D7EH=1J:EDEFFK6D:DRJHEKJJK6DIJ:776J6D6E36=F<E:IH6RD656LKEOK11M=H66KEKF3HH
EKLH:H56DEKL61KO=1H39RI6JH6D7EH36H<13E=FRJ:J:L:JR56DEJH6R3EDE=:636JR81H5
<6 &:D:IJH6 56 <3EDE=:6 56I :D1D36I 6J 56 <<D5KIJH:6 1 3ED7:R KD6 =:II:ED IKH <6
3E==6H36R<63JHED:GK6j&H1D3:I%()',=GK:1H6=:IIEDH1FFEHJ6DM1DL:6H56HD:6H
%6 5RL6<EFF6=6DJ 56I J639DE<E8:6I 56 <:D7EH=1J:ED 6J 56 <1 3E==KD:31J:ED 6J 56I
DEKL61KOHRI61KO5:D7EH=1J:EDE77H6DJ56IF6HIF63J:L6IFHE=6JJ6KI6I6D=1J:qH656
7EH=1J:ED5R5K31J:ED=1:I1KII:51DI<6I5E=1:D6I3K<JKH6<I6JIE3:1KO6IJFEKHGKE:
<6 8EKL6HD6=6DJ IEK91:J6 713:<:J6H <6IIEH 5$DJ6HD6J 6D H1D36 6D I1IIKH1DJ GK6 <6I
:D7H1IJHK3JKH6I D1J:ED1<6I I6HEDJ 31F12<6I 56 71:H6 7136 6J 51DJ:3:F6H <1 56=1D56
8H1D5:II1DJ656I6HL:36I56JR<R3E==KD:31J:EDI$DJ6HD6J51DI<1L6D:H

E=FJ6J6DK56<6OFRH:6D36GK6LEKI1L6]13GK:I6j<17E:I3E==65:H63J6KH5K
5RL6<EFF6=6DJ 6J 56I H6<1J:EDI :D5KIJH:6<<6I 56 <$DIJ:JKJ D1J:ED1< 56 H6396H396 6D
:D7EH=1J:GK66J6D1KJE=1J:GK6 $')$6J3E==6FHRI:56DJ5K:EH<5M:56M62
3EDIEHJ:K=<68EKL6HD6=6DJ15R3:5R51DI<6315H65KFHE8H1==6513J:EDFEKH<1
IE3:RJR56<:D7EH=1J:ED56LEKI3ED7:6HKD6=:II:ED5RJK56IKH<:D7H1IJHK3JKH6$DJ6HD6J
6D H1D36 %6 FHE8H1==6 513J:ED 8EKL6HD6=6DJ1< FEKH <1 IE3:RJR 56 <:D7EH=1J:ED 1
5R7:D:KD6DI6=2<656FH:EH:JRI5E=1:D63I6D36IHF2K:<IEFLK:E1<j65DE:J3

$< :=FEHJ6 GK6 36I FH:EH:JRI 6J <6I =6IKH6I :56DJ:7:R6I 51DI <6 FHE8H1==6 I1FFK:6DJ IKH
<6IJ639DE<E8:6I<6IF<KI1L1D3R6I6JKD6:D7H1IJHK3JKH6151FJR6-6IEK91:J6H1:IGK6LEKI
FHE3R5:6] j KD6 RL1<K1J:ED 1FFHE7ED5:6 56 <RJ1J 56I :D7H1IJHK3JKH6I IKH <6IGK6<<6I
H6FEI6DJ <6 5RL6<EFF6=6DJ 5$DJ6HD6J I:JK1J:ED 56 <1 2EK3<6 <E31<6 56I HRI61KO 56
JH1DIFEHJ 56 5EDDR6I 6J 56 DEI :DJ6H3EDD6O:EDI 1L63 <6I HRI61KO :DJ6HD1J:ED1KO
RLE<KJ:ED 5K 5R2:J 6J H:IGK6I 56 I1JKH1J:ED 56I HRI61KO F6HIF63J:L6I EKL6HJ6I F1H
<R=6H86D36 5:D7H1IJHK3JKH6I 1<J6HD1J:L6I 6J 5KI186I 1<J6HD1J:7I 56I :D7H1IJHK3JKH6I
6O:IJ1DJ6I

31H 1:<<6KHI <6 5RL6<EFF6=6DJ 56I 3EDJ6DKI 5E:J KJ:<:I6H <6I <1D8186I 6J EKJ:<I <6I F<KI
=E56HD6I FEKH 81H1DJ:H <1 =6:<<6KH6 1336II:2:<:JR 6J F6H=6JJH6 <6OF<E:J1J:ED <1 F<KI
677:3136-6IEK91:J6H1:IGK6LEKI5H6II:6]<6IF6HIF63J:L6IEKL6HJ6IF1H<R=6H86D3656I
DEKL61KO IJ1D51H5I 6D =1J:qH6 56 H6FHRI6DJ1J:ED 5:D7EH=1J:ED 6J 56 3EDD1:II1D36
%KD656I31H13JRH:IJ:GK6I5$DJ6HD6JJ:6DJj<1<1H865:77KI:ED56<E8:3:6<I<:2H6I56=F<E:
GK: 3EDIJ:JK6 <KD6 56I 3<RI 56 I1 3HE:II1D36 6OFED6DJ:6<<6 6J 71LEH:I6 56I 3EEFRH1J:EDI
DEKL6<<6I 6DJH6 <6I KJ:<:I1J6KHI I3:6DJ:7:GK6I EK DED -6 IEK91:J6H1:I GK6 LEI
H63E==1D51J:EDIJ:6DD6DJ3E=FJ65636JJ65:=6DI:EDF1HJ:3K<:qH65$DJ6HD6J

DLEKI1FFKP1DJDEJ1==6DJIKH<6II6HL:36I5K&:D:IJqH656<3EDE=:656I:D1D36I
6J 56 <$D5KIJH:6 6J 6D F1HJ:3K<:6H <1 :H63J:ED *RDRH1<6 56I *JH1JR8:6I $D5KIJH:6<<6I 6J <1
:H63J:ED 56I 3EIJ6I 6J ,R<R3E==KD:31J:EDI LEKI L6:<<6H6] j 3EDIK<J6H JEKI <6I 13J6KHI
R3EDE=:GK6I 3E=FRJ6DJI EFRH1J6KHI 56 JR<R3E==KD:31J:EDI 6J :D5KIJH:6<I =1:I
R81<6=6DJ <KJEH:JR 56 )R8K<1J:ED 56I ,R<R3E==KD:31J:EDI 6J <6I H6FHRI6DJ1DJI 56I
1IIE3:1J:EDI5KJ:<:I1J6KH5$DJ6HD6J

-6 IEK91:J6 GK6 LEKI =6 H6=6JJ:6] LEI FH6=:qH6I 3ED3<KI:EDI 1K =E:I 56 MK:D  -6
LEKIFH:6518HR6H&EDI:6KH<6:H63J6KH<6OFH6II:ED56=13EDI:5RH1J:ED5:IJ:D8KR6

9H:IJ:1D3$)),

$YDQW3URSRV

/$6/GG/:7MKY(3:DD(6(7H7(&-7/EI('(37H(F7(Hª$KHK
3$7&K($IDF/7H(6DG

DFLG$Y:/F%F/LY(6(7H(7H$6KG(GHF$Y$I[3$6/GG/:7$KHK
GIGD(7'I(MIGEI$I'K%IHD:IF'(GF$/G:7Gj3$):/G
D(FG:77(33(G(HDF:)(GG/:77(33(G

Y(&3$&&:F''I(&FKH$F/$H'H$Hj37'IGHF/(3(GHF$Y$I[
:7HF(DF/G(7M$7Y/(F$Y(&I7(7:IY(33(KEI/D(

(6$7/LF(jD(F6(HHF(I7'K%$H:IY(FH3KEI/D($DFrHKI7(
$HH(7H/:7D$FH/&I3/LF(j3$F&-/H(&HIF('IG/H(:(%jD$FH/F
'IEI(33(F$DD:FH(GH(7,(7'FK$IH:6$H/EI(6(7H

/KEI/D((GDLF($/7G/(7&:IF$,(F(H)$&/3/H(F3(GK&-$7,(G'LG
3:IY(FHIF('IG/H(

-($7 )F$7J:/G%F$6$H/&

'PEKLDH/H3*5LGGL76

(P/*-HL76
l$)'$:3:J6-D1H1=1I2DQE:H1

l$')$I6H<<L:6IL60
lJ:1eJ5j1J3:6HH6E::H:D6*H3JRH1<$D5KIJH:6

lK56PD1$')$L03I6
l<6,66D3,'=3E/6E)<1Hq1H:2D

3K,3L-*HL76
l$J19)'$J:1H696D
l-EI:1D6)E26HJI: $')$


(P*3LG*HL76
lRF1$$)'<6:1EH:JR56GK:JI:8E%JD6=6JH

)\6H0qGH

(*DD7FH

3$FH/(

7$ '$$)70$&Ê($)

&EJ6KHI5KRL6<EFF6=6DJ,639D:GK656<$DJ6HD6J

FF<:31J:EDI6J-I186I

,639DE<E8:6I6J*J1D51H5I

3$FH/(

E=FEI1DJI,639D:GK6I56<$DJ6HD6J

)RI61KO56,H1DIFEHJ

EK3<6%E31<6

$DJ6H3EDD6O:EDI

*6HL:36I5$D7H1IJHK3JKH6

eGK:F6=6DJI

3$FH/(:GE=ED3J6D6=DDEH:LDKG6:<:JJE36K6

&E5q<6I3EDE=:GK6I

)R8<6=6DJ1J:EDI

*37GG*LFH/HG$-F76\5HG

$66HLHG



















 






2VKQEZP<

%e7&-011&.&/55&$)/*26&%&-*/5&3/&5

-D Q;OONQS ; ONTQ N<IDS Y K; ENHR BD OQNONRDQI:P DO6K9:P IFDK:P BTM [S;S BDR KHDTW BT
B[UDKNOODLDMSSD=GMHPTDBDK*MSDQMDSB;MRKDLNMBDDSDM'Q;M=DDSBDRTFF[QDQF:OOMJ:RK
:KP:J7I:9:O:8LJJ6K96QFLKPOODLDMSDB[UDKNQDHQNSQHTRQDKSQ[K[=QDQTNO==;D*K;KNMSHM;DSR
[=QHS;UD=KN<ID SHEB MSDQTMB[<;S*KMDOQ[SDMBDM;T=TMDL;MH\QDBNMMDQKDRRNKTSHNMR
= ;KHLD
L;HROKTS{SLF:P9:QO6S6FIRPDDOYO:9P:S

-; LHRRHNM %[UDKNOODLDMS 5D=GMHPTD BD K*MSDQMDS E;HS QS BT 1QNFQ;LLD B"=SHNM
O; HD
(NTUDQMDLDMS;KONTQK;4N=H[S[BDK*MENQL;SHNM1"(4*-DQ;OONQSLDSBNM=K;==DMSRTQKDR
;ROD=SR SD=GMHPTDR ;KNQR PTD B;TSQDR Q;OONQSR NMS SQ;HS[ KDR ;ROD=SR TR;FDR =NLLDQ=D
[KD=SQNMHPTDO;QDWDLOKDNTQ[FKDLDMS;HQDR*KBNHSrSQDKT=NLLDRK YIYJ:KQ BT B[<;S
ENMB;LDMS;K QDK;SHE ;T ONRHSHNMMDLDMS BD K; 'Q;M=D B;MR KD B[UDKNOODLDMS BD K; S[ B
RN=H[ D
KHMENQL;SHNM

H5,D7I,J7ED1KH,FFEHJ

-DQ;OONQS=NLONQSDSQNHRO;QSHDR

-; OQDLH\QD O;QSHD HBDMSHEHD KDRJLQ<ROPPHMGBDTDDK[UODNOMSLDD=SDSM;QMvMDSDKBPTH
K*MSDQMDS -; U;QH[S[ BDR