EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE CAPACITY OF PANTANEIRO HORSES AND OTHER BREEDS DURING CAVALCADE THROUGH THE PANTANAL(EVALUACIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD FÍSICA DE CABALLOS PANTANEIROS Y OTRAS RAZAS DURANTE CABALGADAS EN EL PANTANAL)

Santos S.A.

Description

Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine changes in heart rate and blood lactate in different breeds of horses and mules during the course of a cavalcade through the Pantanal. Twelve adult horses of various breeds (Pantaneiro, Criollo and crossbreed Criollo) and four mules were studied during 12 days of cavalcade (340 km). Register of heart rate and collect of blood samples from animals were made in the afternoon, the day before the cavalcade (pre) and also taken 30 min. after the animals travelled 340 Km (post). Serum concentrations of lactate were measured using a spectrophotometer Spekol and heart rate using a stethoscope. Data were analysed using a t-test for paired comparisons for each breed. Data of all breeds were analysed using ANOVA and the Tukey procedure was used for the values pre and after cavalcade. Although there were no differences pre and post cavalcade for heart rate and lactate in each breed and mules and between groups (p<0.05), lower mean values at rest (43 beats/min and 0.63 mmol/l) were found for the Pantaneiro horses for heart rate and lactate, respectively. Thus, Pantaneiro horses appeared to be better adaptated than other breeds before and after the ride in the Pantanal conditions.
Resumen
Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar las tasas cardiacas y ácido láctico sanguíneo de las distintas razas de caballos y mulos durante una cabalgada en el Pantanal. Fueran utilizados 12 caballos adultos de distintas razas (Pantaneiro, Criollo y cruzados Criollo) y cuatro mulos durante 12 días de cabalgada (340 km). Fueron registrados los latidos cardiacos y tomadas muestras de sangre antes, después (30 min.) y al final (340 km) de la cabalgata. El muestreo de ácido láctico fue evaluado a través del espectrofotómetro Spekol y analizados a través del test t para muestras emparejadas. Todas las razas fueron analizadas a través de ANOVA utilizándose el test de Tukey para comparación entre medias antes y después de las cabalgatas. No hubo diferencias significativas (p>0,05) antes y después de las cabalgatas para las tasas cardiacas y ácidos lácticos entre las distintas razas estudiadas. El caballo Pantaneiro presentó los más bajos valores medios para la tasa cardiaca y ácido láctico (43 latidos/min. y 0,63 mmol/l), respectivamente, indicando que estos animales parecen estar mejor entrenados (adaptados) a las largas cabalgadas del Pantanal.

Sujets

• Heart rate
• Lactate
• Ácido láctico

Informations

• Publié par: erevistas
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2002
• Nombre de lectures: 8
• Langue: English

Extrait

EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE CAPACITY OF PANTANEIRO
HORSES AND OTHER BREEDS DURING CAVALCADE THROUGH
THE PANTANAL
EVALUACIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD FÍSICA DE CABALLOS PANTANEIROS Y OTRAS
RAZAS DURANTE CABALGADAS EN EL PANTANAL
1 2 3 3 3Santos, S.A., R.A.M.S. Silva, J.R.M. Azevedo, C.Y. Sibuya, C.A. Anaruma and
1J.R.B. Sereno
1Researchers of Embrapa–Pantanal. Caixa Postal 109. Corumbá, MS. Brazil.
E mail: [e-mail]
2Researcher of Embrapa Suínos e Aves. Concórdia, SC. Brazil.
3Teachers of UNESP. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Educação Física. Rio Claro, SP. Brazil.
ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS PALABRAS CLAVE ADICIONALES
Heart rate. Lactate. Endurance breeds. Tasa cardiaca. Ácido láctico. Cabalgada.
SUMMARY
This study was undertaken to determine groups (p<0.05), lower mean values at rest (43
changes in heart rate and blood lactate in differentbeats/min and 0.63 mmol/l) were found for the
breeds of horses and mules during the course of Pantaneiro horses for heart rate and lactate,
a cavalcade through the Pantanal. Twelve adult respectively. Thus, Pantaneiro horses appeared
horses of various breeds (Pantaneiro, Criollo and to be better adaptated than other breeds before
crossbreed Criollo) and four mules were studied and after the ride in the Pantanal conditions.
during 12 days of cavalcade (340 km). Register of
heart rate and collect of blood samples from
animals were made in the afternoon, the day RESUMEN
before the cavalcade (pre) and also taken 30 min.
after the animals travelled 340 Km (post). Serum Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar
concentrations of lactate were measured using a las tasas cardiacas y ácido láctico sanguíneo de
spectrophotometer Spekol and heart rate using a las distintas razas de caballos y mulos durante
stethoscope. Data were analysed using a t test una cabalgada en el Pantanal. Fueran utilizados
for paired comparisons for each breed. Data of all 12 caballos adultos de distintas razas (Pantaneiro,
breeds were analysed using ANOVA and the Criollo y cruzados Criollo) y cuatro mulos durante
Tukey procedure was used for the values pre and 12 días de cabalgada (340 km). Fueron registra
after cavalcade. Although there were no dos los latidos cardiacos y tomadas muestras de
differences pre and post cavalcade for heart rate sangre antes, después (30 min.) y al final (340
and lactate in each breed and mules and between km) de la cabalgata. El muestreo de ácido láctico
Arch. Zootec. 51: 121 128. 2002.SANTOS, SILVA, AZEVEDO, SIBUYA, ANARUMA AND SERENO
fue evaluado a través del espectrofotómetro aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
Spekol y analizados a través del test t para interact in coordination with the
muestras emparejadas. Todas las razas fueron relative intensity and duration of work.
analizadas a través de ANOVA utilizándose el Changes in blood chemistry, muscle
test de Tukey para comparación entre medias metabolism and heart and respiratory
antes y después de las cabalgatas. No hubo rates can be found during and after
diferencias significativas (p>0,05) antes y des exercising of various intensity and
pués de las cabalgatas para las tasas cardiacas duration (Valberg et al., 1989).
y ácidos lácticos entre las distintas razas estudia
Currently, none of the available
das. El caballo Pantaneiro presentó los más ba
measurements provide an accurate test
jos valores medios para la tasa cardiaca y ácido
of performance potential. It seems
láctico (43 latidos/min. y 0,63 mmol/l), respectiva
likely that refinement of treadmill
mente, indicando que estos animales parecen
exercise testing, with the ability to
estar mejor entrenados (adaptados) a las largas
measure physiological variables during
cabalgadas del Pantanal.
and after exercise are usually measure
ments of blood lactate and/or heart
rate (HR) response to standard exerciseINTRODUCTION
test. This offers the best possibility for
performance prediction.Pantaneiro horses are a product of
The evaluation of HR recovery andnatural selection over the last three
blood lactic acid may be used as indecescenturies with little or no human action.
of performance capacity in enduranceBeing economically and socially
horses (Palma et al., 1989; Hodgsonimportant, they are essential for the
and Rose, 1994). This study wascattle industry and for regional
undertaken to determine changes intransportation. In the Pantanal, the
heart rate and blood lactate in differentlarge distances between farms mean
breeds of horses and mules during thethat the horses have to move for a long
course of a cavalcade through thetime under high temperatures, over
wet and sandy terrain. These conditionsPantanal.
probably provoked adaptation of
relevant body systems to enable the
MATERIALS AND METHODShorse to perform endurance exercise.
Characterization studies have shown
Twelve healthy adult horses ofthat a combination of genetic and
various ages (5 to 12 years) and breedsphysical characteristics of the Panta
(Pantaneiro, Criollo and Criolloneiro means that its unique population
crossbreed) and four mules (5 to 9must be conserved (Cothran et al.,
years) were used in this study. Most of1998), where work resistance is one of
the horses had been used for work. Thethe most important objectives for
Pantaneiro horses and mules were keptPantaneiro horse conservation (San
in the Pantanal in their natural pasturestos et al. , 2000). Physical work capacity
and were supplemented with macawof the horse is a function of both
maximal aerobic power and anaerobic palm and corn for one month prior to
capacity (McMiken, 1983). Both the period of experimentation. Crio
Archivos de zootecnia vol. 51, núm. 193 194, p. 122.PANTANEIRO HORSES DURING CAVALCADE
llos and crossbred Criollos were varied, but all horses had access to
maintained in an other region (State ofsome food, mostly commercial rations
Rio Grande do Sul) and received (about 4 kg daily/horse) and macaw
special preparation for the cavalcade palm straw, distributed in the mornings
which can be seen by score condition and afternoons. The total duration of
(table I) . During the trip, daily rations the riding period was 12 days (02/10
Table I. Changes in body condition score (CS), heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RF)
before (pre) and after (post) a riding of 340 km. (Cambios en puntuación de la condición corporal
(CS), tasa cardiaca (HR) y tasa respiratoria (RF) antes y después de la cabalgada de 340 km).
CS (1 5) HR (beats/min) RF (breaths/min)
Pre Post Pre Post Pre Post
PANTANEIROS
Capricho 2 1 44 56 40 36
Aguapé 2 2 40 48 32 40
Bisqui 3 2 68 56 88 60
Alfinete 2 2 40 12 48 44
MEANS 2.2aA 1.7aA 48aA 43aA 52aA 45aA
CRIOLLOS
Ás de Espada 4 2 36 88 48 96
Gato 3 2 60 56 48 32
Gateada 3 1 48 52 40 32
Mel do Camboxim 2 2 44 56 16 60
MEANS 3.0aA 1.7aA 47aA 63aA 38aA 55aA
CROSSBREED
Tarrã 3 2 36 64 28 64
PTI 3 2 40 56 52 72
Cangui 3 2 40 - 52 -
Cigana 4 3 40 40 36 32
MEANS 3.2aA 2.2bA 39aA 53aA 42aA 56aA
MULES
Princesa 3 3 60 44 44 32
Garoa 2 2 48 52 28 48
Loira 3 2 52 44 28 24
Caçula 3 3 48 44 20 20
MEANS 2.7aA 2.5aA 52aA 46aA 30aA 31aA
TOTAL MEANS 2.8A 2.1B 46.5A 51.2B 40.5A 46.1A
Means of breeds and mule followed by the same small letters do not differ (p<0.05) by t test. (Diferencias
de medias entre caballos y burro, a>b (p<0,05) por el test t).
Means of CS, HR and RF before and after riding followed by the same capital letters do not differ, A>B
(p<0.05) by Tukey test. (Diferencias de medias CS, HR y RF antes y después, A>B (p<0,05 por el test
Tukey).
Archivos de zootecnia vol. 51, núm. 193 194, p. 123.SANTOS, SILVA, AZEVEDO, SIBUYA, ANARUMA AND SERENO
to 13/10/95), traveling at 10 km/h, The weather during the 12 days was
through Nhecolândia Pantanal, a total fair and hot with a temperature ranging
of 340 km in sandy and sometimes between 21°C and 33.3ºC, and the mean
marshy terrain. The horses were ridden humidity of 72.5 percent (Nhumirim
in pairs, in a trot. In the afternoon, the farm metereological station data).
rider switched horses. The horses had Statistical analyses were conducted
access to water. by PROC GLM using SAS (Statistical
Blood samples were collected from Analysis System, 1990). The data were
horses in the afternoon, the day beforeanalysed using a t test for paired
the ride. Post riding blood samples comparisons for each breed. Data of
were taken 30 minutes after the horsesall breeds were analysed by ANOVA
travelled the 340 km. The tubes were and the tukey procedure used for the
placed in ice and the serum was remo values pre and after comparison
ved after refrigeration centrifugation. analysis.
The serum samples were analysed
within 72 h of collection.
Lactic acid was measured using a RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
spectrophotometer Spekol, according to
HEART RATEHenry (1974). Heart rate (HR) and respi
ratory rate (RF) were recorded from each The results reveal a great variation
horse at the time of blood collection, in heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate
before and 30 minutes after the ride, (RF). HR ra