MIRA-T. Flanders environment report. Indicator Report 2008.

Belgique Agence Flamande De L'Environnement

Description

Panorama de l'état de l'environnement à partir d'une série d'indicateurs.
Van Steertegem (M). Malines. http://temis.documentation.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/document.xsp?id=Temis-0066258

Sujets

• Environnement
• Économie de l'environnement
• Agriculture
• Ressources et consommation énergétiques mondiales
• Déchet
• Énergie
• Industrie
• Nuisance
• Santé
• Transport

Informations

• Publié par: temis-developpement-durable
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 30
• Licence : En savoir +
  Paternité, pas d'utilisation commerciale, partage des conditions initiales à l'identique
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

Extrait

MIRA-T2008Flanders Environment Report

Indicator Report

Steering Committee

Chairman: Rudi Verheyen(UA)

Secretary: Philippe D’Hondt(VMM)

Members for the Flemish Science Policy Council: Patrick Meire(UA) Chris Vinckier(K.U.Leuven)

Members for the Board of Secretaries-general: Veerle Beyst(Study Centre of the Flemish Government) Ludo Vanongeval(LNE Department)

Members for the Nature and Environment Council of Flanders: Dirk Uyttendaele(Mina Council) Jan Turf(Bond Beter Leefmilieu vzw)

Members for the Social and Economic Council of Flanders: Annemie Bollen(SERV) Peter Van Humbeeck(SERV)

Independent experts: Rik Ampe(VITO) Jeroen Cockx(LNE Department) Myriam Dumortier(NARA, INBO) Rudy Herman(EWI Department)

MIRA team, VMM Myriam Bossuyt Johan Brouwers Caroline De Geest Jorre De Schrijver Soetkin Maene Fre Maes Saskia Opdebeeck Stijn Overloop Bob Peeters Line Vancraeynest Erika Vander Putten Hugo Van Hooste

Sofie Janssens,administrative support Marina Stevens,administrative support Marleen Van Steertegem,project leader Philippe D’Hondt,head of the Air, Environment and Communication Department

MIRA-T Flanders Environment Report Indicator Report ’08

Marleen Van Steertegem,final editing

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Colophon

MIRA-T 2008 Indicator Reportis a publication of the Flemish Environment Agency (VMM) and has been edited by the MIRA team, Air, Environment and Communication Department (ALMC).

The use of texts from this report with acknowledgement of the source is encouraged. To quote: MIRA-T 2008 Indicator Report (2009) Marleen Van Steertegem (ed. in chief.), Flanders Environment Report, Flemish Environment Agency.

MIRA-T 2008 Indicator Report is available fromwww.milieurapport.be.

To order? Flemish Environment Agency: tel. [phone], e-mail: [e-mail]

Questions or suggestions? MIRA-team: tel. [phone] e-mail: [e-mail]

Layout and cover design: Kaat Flamey, Cayman

Design: Vanden Broele Grafische Groep

Type: Vista Sans

Illustrations: Vanden Broele Grafische Groep

Translation: Tradas Translation & Consulting Printed on 100 % post-consumer recycled paper, chlorinefree and without optical bleach. Publisher: Philippe D’Hondt, Flemish Environment Agency D/2009/6871/022

Table of contents

Introduction9

1 Environment Map15 Environmental profile of the sectors Eco-efficiency in Flanders 19

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2 Sectors21 2.1 Households22 Eco-efficiency of households 22 Number of households by size 23 Energy consumption by households by fuel type 24 Emission of greenhouse gases by households 25 Amount of residual waste from households 26 Level of sewerage and treatment of domestic waste water 27 2.2 Industry28 Eco-efficiency of industry 28 Emission of NMVOC, SO 2 and NO x by industry 29 Discharges of COD, P and heavy metals in industrial waste water Energy consumption and CO 2  31emissions by industry

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MIRA-T ’08

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Table of contents

2.3 Energy32 Energy flows in Flanders 32 Energy and carbon intensity in Flanders 33 Eco-efficiency of the energy sector 34 Emission of greenhouse gases by the energy sector 35 Emission of acidifying substances by the energy sector 36 Electricity production from renewable energy sources (green power) 37 Production of electricity and heat via cogeneration (combined heat and power, CHP) 38 Nuclear waste stored in anticipation of final disposal 39 2.4 Agriculture40

Eco-efficiency of agriculture 40 Livestock and animal manure production 41 Energy consumption by agriculture 42 Emission of particulate matter by agriculture Biological agriculture 44 Agro-environmental measures 45 2.5 Transport46 Eco-efficiency of transport 46 Passenger transport flows 47 Freight transport flows 48 Energy consumption of transport 49 2.6 Trade & services50

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Eco-efficiency of trade & services 50 Energy consumption by trade & services 51 Emission of greenhouse gases by trade & services 52 Emission of dioxin by trade & services 53 Primary and secondary waste from trade & services 54 Sustainable investment in Belgium 55

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MIRA-T ’08 of contents| Table

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3 Environmental themes57 3.1 Dispersion of VOCs58 Emission of NMVOC into the air 58 Benzene concentration in the ambient air 59 3.2 Dispersion of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)60 Dioxin deposition 60 Emission of PAHs into the air 61 PAH concentration in the ambient air 62 Quantity of destroyed PCB-containing appliances 3.3 Dispersion of heavy metals64

Emission of heavy metals into the air 64 Heavy metals in the air 65 Heavy metals in surface water 66 Heavy metals in watercourse sediments 67 Heavy metals in groundwater 68 Heavy metals in eel 69 3.4 Dispersion of pesticides70 Pesticides in surface water 70 Pesticides in watercourse sediments 71 Pesticides in eel 72 3.5 Dispersion of particulate matter73 Emission of PM10 and PM2.5 73 Annual average PM10 concentration 74 Annual average PM2.5 concentration 75 Daily average PM10 concentration 76 3.6 Nuisance77

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Reported general nuisance from noise, odour and light 77 Population exposed to sound pressure levels >65 dB 78 Odour nuisance from road traffic 79 Artificial sky luminance 80 3.7 Eutrophication81

Surplus on the soil surface balance in agriculture 81 Nitrate in surface water 82 Nitrate in groundwater 83 Average exceedance of critical load for eutrophication 84 3.8 Acidification85

Potentially acidifying emissions 85 Acidifying substance concentration in the ambient air 86 Potentially acidifying deposition 87 Nature area with an exceedance of the critical load for acidification 3.9 Photochemical air pollution89 Emission of ozone precursors 89 Exceedance indicator (NET60 ppb -max8h) 90 Annual excess indicator (AOT60 ppb -max8h) 91 Seasonal excess for vegetation (AOT40 ppb -vegetation) 92 3.10 Depletion of the ozone layer93 Emission of ozone-depleting substances 93 Thickness of the ozone layer 94

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MIRA-T ’08 of contents| Table

3.11 Climate change95 Emission of greenhouse gases by gas 95 Emission of greenhouse gases per sector 96 Temperature changes in Belgium since the mid 19 th century 97 Variation in precipitation 98 3.12 Surface water quality99 Pressure on the surface water from oxygen-binding substances and nutrients Nutrients and oxygen in surface water 100 Watercourse sediment quality 101 Belgian Biotic Index 102 Fish Index 103 3.13 Water balance104

Water availability in Flanders 104 Groundwater level in groundwater systems 105 Hydrological behaviour of non-navigable watercourses 106 Subsidies for infiltration provisions and rainwater tanks 107 3.14 Soil108

Erosion measures 108 Soil sealing in Flanders 109

Number of sites surveyed 110 Number of sites by remediation phase 111 3.15 Waste112

Amount of household waste collected 112 Treatment of household waste 113 Amount of industrial waste 114 Treatment of industrial waste 115

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4 Consequences for people, nature and the economy117 4.1 The environment, people & health118 Biomonitoring of newborn babies – reference values for the exposure biomarkers 118 Biomonitoring of adolescents – reference values for the exposure biomarkers 119 Biomonitoring of adults – reference values for the exposure biomarkers 120 Disability adjusted life years as a result of environmental factors 121 4.2 The environment & nature122 Movement in the distribution area of South European species of dragonfly 122 European Common Bird Index 123 Area of the Flemish Ecological Network and nature areas with mixed functions 124 Conservation status of species and habitats of European interest 125 4.3 The environment & the economy126 Spending of the Flemish environmental authorities 126

5 Appendices127 Core set of environmental data129 File on Flanders147 Glossary of Terms149 Abbreviations156 Chemical symbols159 Units, Unit prefixes, Data display conventions160 Index161

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Introduction

MIRA-T ’08| Introduction

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A selection of environmental indicators

Good environmental policy requires up-to-date and reliable information. The MIRA-T 2008 Indicator Report offers a concise but complete overview of the state of the environment in Flanders using a selection of environmental indicators. An indicator indicates, signals, refers to and/or informs about activities, situations and phenomena. The MIRA-T Indicator Report is intended mainly as a convenient reference work for both environment professionals and interested citizens. The indicators are selected and described by the Flemish Environment Agency MIRA team. In this way, we hope to make a useful contribution to the environmental debate. The steering committee set up by decree is responsible for managing the content of the Flanders environment reporting.

A good environmental indicator is policy-relevant, scientifically based and measurable. In this MIRA-T 2008 Indicator Report, you will find a selection of key indicators which span the whole environmental area. For the selection of the indicators the first criterion was continuity; as a result, a large number of indicators can be found in previous indicator reports as well.

In their turn, the indicators are the result of a multitude of supporting measurements, calculations and research by various institutions and organisations. The figures accompanying the indicators therefore also state the source of the data.

Threefold task for the Flanders Environment Report

The task of theFlanders Environment ReportFurthermore, the report must be well (MIRA) MIRA provides the scientific publicised.is threefold: • a description, analysis and evaluation of foundation for environmental policy the current state of the environment; planning in Flanders. The study of the • an evaluation of the environmental policy situation is reflected in the annualMIRA-T implemented to date;Report. In this, the policy makers and • a description of expected environmental citizens find answers to questions concerning developments in case of unchanged policy the state of the environment, what the as well as in case of a change in policy underlying causes are and how the according to a number of scenarios that environmental situation can be improved. are thought relevant. The first scenario report,MIRA-S2000, was

published in 2000; the next edition is

planned for the end of 2009. The first policy evaluation report (MIRA-PE) appeared in June 2003, the third edition in 2007.