Commission Work Programme 2012

Description

• revision
• cours - matière potentielle : 2012 nr
• exposé
• revision - matière potentielle : guidelines

EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 15.11.2011 COM(2011) 777 final VOL. 2/2 ANNEX to the COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS Commission Work Programme 2012

• legislative revision
• rules on demarcation of regions
• current guidelines
• antitrust rules
• internal energy market
• common principles for effective policy intervention
• market developments
• policy document
• european statistics
• spectrum

Sujets

• Révision
• Exposé
• Guideline
• European Environment Agency
• European Council
• European Chemicals Agency

Informations

• Publié par: tocam
• Nombre de lectures: 9
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

Nanotechnology for
Water Purification
and Waste Treatment
Frontiers in Nanotechnology
US EPA Millennium Lecture Series
July 18, 2005
Washington D.C.
Wei-xian ZhangAcknowledgments
Research Team
Dr. C.B. Wang
Dr. H.L. Lien
Dr. Daniel Elliott
Dr. J. Cao
Y.P. Sun
Xiao-qin Li
Steve Spear
Yu Xue
Steph Kravitz
Patrick Clasen
Tim Marks R829624
Jason ChenNanotechnology is… C60
the art and science of manipulating matter (~ 1 nm)
at the atomic or molecular scale
Size
-9A billionth (10 ) meter
Structure
Human
How things are put together -- arranged or
assembled. (~1 m)
Novel properties
Novel and significantly changed
physical, chemical, and biological
properties
Moon orbit
9The ultimate goal of (10 m)
nanotechnology is to build
essentially anything from
scratch, atom by atomNanoscale has already been with our
profession …
Nanoscale Materials:
Ultrafine Water and Air Contaminants?
H 0 Virus Microbial Cells ProtozoaHemoglobin2
(0.2 nm) (10-100nm) (~1 µm) (>2 µm)(7 nm)
!! ! !!
Conventional filtration
Microfiltration
Ultrafiltration
Reverse Osmosis
1 µm 10 µm0.1 nm 1 nm 10 nm 100 nm 100 µm
" " "
Bacteriophage PM Pollens
2.5
(80 nm) (aerosols) (10-100 µm)
Micropollutants
NanopollutantsA Research Framework for NanoEnvironTech
Promote Applications
reactive to existing problems
or
proactive in preventing future problems.
Forecast Implications of
interactions of nanomaterials with the environment and
possible risks that may be posed by the use of
nanotechnology.
B.Karn, 2005, ACSapplications
Sensors
Treatment
Remediation
Green manufacturing
Green energy
implications
Natural nano processes
Fate, transport, and transformation
Lifecycle aspects
Toxicology
Exposure, bioavailability, and bioaccumulationNanotubes as SuperSorbent
SWNT for Dioxin Sorption
(Long & Yang, 2001, JACS)
-1Sorbent E (kJ/mol) B (atm )
52SWNT 315 2.7x10
18Activated 119 1.3x10
Carbon
5!-Al O 47.9 4.5x102 3Nanocomposites
- Nanosorbents
- Nanoreactors
Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2002, 124,
11242−3Sensing and Detection
Biological pathogens, heavy metals, organics, etc.
IBM, Zurich
Chad Mirkin, NorthwesternNanocontact Sensor
N.J. Tao (Arizona State)
Atomic Scale!
Sensitivity:
The electrodes are separated with an atomic-scale gap,
so a few ions can be detected.