Semi-Riemann Geometry and General Relativity

Oracle Corporation

Description

• cours - matière : physics - matière potentielle : physics
• cours - matière potentielle : from the theoretical point of view
• cours - matière potentielle : notes for a one semester course at the undergraduate level

Semi-Riemann Geometry and General Relativity Shlomo Sternberg September 24, 2003

• frame field
• invariant forms from representations
• principle of general covariance
• schwarzschild plane
• weingarten map
• differential forms
• curvature
• theoretical basis
• point
• course

Sujets

• Physics
• Connection
• Curvature
• Course
• Theory
• Général
• Representations

Informations

• Publié par: edwui
• Nombre de lectures: 7
• Langue: English

Extrait

Oracle® Database
Backup and Recovery Basics
10g Release 1 (10.1)
Part No. B10735-01
December 2003Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Basics 10g Release 1 (10.1)
Part No. B10735-01
Copyright © 2003 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Primary Author: Antonio Romero
Contributing Author: Lance Ashdown
Contributors: Anand Beldalker, Tammy Bednar, Don Beusee, Senad Dizdar, Wei Hu, Donna Keesling,
Bill Lee, Muthu Olagappan, Francisco Sanchez, Vinay Srihari, Steve Wertheimer
Graphic Artist: Valarie Moore
The Programs (which include both the software and documentation) contain proprietary information of
Oracle Corporation; they are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and
disclosure and are also protected by copyright, patent and other intellectual and industrial property
laws. Reverse engineering, disassembly or decompilation of the Programs, except to the extent required
to obtain interoperability with other independently created software or as specified by law, is prohibited.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems
in the documentation, please report them to us in writing. Oracle Corporation does not warrant that this
document is error-free. Except as may be expressly permitted in your license agreement for these
Programs, no part of these Programs may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of Oracle Corporation.
If the Programs are delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing or using the programs on
behalf of the U.S. Government, the following notice is applicable:
Restricted Rights Notice Programs delivered subject to the DOD FAR Supplement are "commercial
computer software" and use, duplication, and disclosure of the Programs, including documentation,
shall be subject to the licensing restrictions set forth in the applicable Oracle license agreement.
Otherwise, Programs delivered subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulations are "restricted computer
software of the Programs shall be subject to the restrictions in FAR
52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights (June, 1987). Oracle Corporation, 500
Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065.
The Programs are not intended for use in any nuclear, aviation, mass transit, medical, or other inherently
dangerous applications. It shall be the licensee's responsibility to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup,
redundancy, and other measures to ensure the safe use of such applications if the Programs are used for
such purposes, and Oracle Corporation disclaims liability for any damages caused by such use of the
Programs.
Oracle is a registered trademark, and Oracle Store, Oracle7, Oracle8, Oracle9i, PL/SQL, and SQL*Plus are
trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation. Other names may be trademarks of their
respective owners.Contents
Send Us Your Comments ................................................................................................................... ix
Preface............................................................................................................................................................ xi
Audience ................................................................................................................................................ xii
Organization....................... xii
Related Documentation ...................................................................................................................... xiii
Conventions.......................................................................................................................................... xiii
Documentation Accessibility ............................................................................................................. xvi
1 Backup and Recovery Overview
What is Backup and Recovery? ....................................................................................................... 1-2
Physical Backups and Logical Backups..................................................................................... 1-2
Errors and Failures Requiring Recovery from Backup........................................................... 1-2
Oracle Backup and Recovery Solutions: RMAN and User-Managed Backup .................... 1-3
Backup and Recovery: Basic Concepts ........................................................................................... 1-5
Physical Database Structures Used in Recovering Data......................................................... 1-5
The Database Recovery Process: Basic Concepts ......................................................................... 1-7
Forms of Data Recovery..................................................................................................................... 1-9
Datafile Media Recovery: Restore Datafiles, Apply Redo...................................................... 1-9
Complete, Incomplete and Point-In-Time Recovery............................................................. 1-10
Automatic Recovery After Instance Failure: Crash Recovery ............................................. 1-11
Backup and Recovery with RMAN............................................................................................... 1-12
Types of Oracle Database Backup under RMAN .................................................................. 1-12
Matching Failures to Backup and Recovery Techniques .......................................................... 1-14
iiiMedia Failure............................................................................................................................... 1-14
User Error..................................................................................................................................... 1-16
Automatic Disk-Based Backup and Recovery: The Flash Recovery Area ............................. 1-16
System Requirements for Backup and Recovery Methods ...................................................... 1-17
Feature Comparison of Backup Methods..................................................................................... 1-18
2 Backup and Recovery Strategies
Data Recovery Strategy Determines Backup Strategy................................................................. 2-2
Planning Data Recovery Strategy .................................................................................................... 2-5
Planning a Response to User Error: Point-in-Time Recovery and Flashback Features...... 2-5
Planning a Response to Media Failure: Restore and Media Recovery ................................. 2-6
Planning a Response to Datafile Block Corruption: Block Media Recovery........................ 2-7
Planning Backup Strategy................................................................................................................. 2-8
Protecting Your Redundancy Set ............................................................................................... 2-8
Deciding Between ARCHIVELOG and NOARCHIVELOG Mode..................................... 2-10
Deciding Whether to Use a Flash Recovery Area .................................................................. 2-11
Choosing a Backup Retention Policy ....................................................................................... 2-12
Archiving Older Backups .......................................................................................................... 2-14
Determining Backup Frequency 2-14
Performing Backups Before and After You Make Structural Changes............................... 2-15
Backing Up Frequently Used Tablespaces.............................................................................. 2-15
Backing Up after NOLOGGING Operations.......................................................................... 2-16
Exporting Data for Added Protection and Flexibility ........................................................... 2-16
Preventing the Backup of Online Redo Logs 2-17
Keeping Records of the Hardware and Software Configuration of the Server................. 2-17
Validating Your Data Recovery Strategy ...................................................................................... 2-18
Validating RMAN Backups: BACKUP VALIDATE and RESTORE VALIDATE ............. 2-19
3 Setting Up and Configuring Backup and Recovery
Starting and Exiting RMAN: Overview.......................................................................................... 3-2
Types of Database Connections.................................................................................................. 3-2
Authentication for Database Connections ................................................................................ 3-3
Setting Globalization Support Environment Variables for RMAN ......................................... 3-3
Connecting to the Target Database 3-4
Connecting to the Target Database from the Command Line ............................................... 3-4
ivConnecting to the Target Database from the RMAN Prompt ............................................... 3-5
Setting Up a Database for RMAN Backup .................................................................................... 3-5
Persistent Configuration Settings: Controlling RMAN Behavior ......................................... 3-6
Configuring the Defaul