Invention and transfer of hydroelectric power technologies

(Yann M\351ni\350re)

Description

Niveau: Supérieur, Doctorat, Bac+8
Hydro - 1 Invention and transfer of hydroelectric power technologies, 1978 – 2003 This note is a technical annex to a general report on Invention and Transfer of Climate Change Mitigation Technologies on a Global Scale: A Study Drawing on Patent Data. The complete report can be downloaded at: The note describes the invention and transfer of hydroelectric power technologies in the world between 1978 and 2003. These technologies include hydro power stations; hydraulic turbines; submerged units incorporating electric generators; and devices for controlling hydraulic turbines. The first section focuses on the number of inventions and gives descriptive statistics on the main inventor countries. Section 2 deals specifically with the international flows of technologies and investigates which countries are the main exporters and importers of hydroelectric power technology. Key points • The number of annual inventions fell from a peak of 230 in the late 1970s. Since 1998 there has been increase from a low of 97 to 185 for 2003. This corresponds to an average annual growth rate of 11.4%. • During the 1998-2003 period, the main inventor countries were Japan, Germany, USA, China, Korea and Russia. Russia and Japan have decreased in importance through time, while inventive activity in China has risen. • Patent protection is sought in at least two countries for between 8% and 15% of inventions, with a U-shaped pattern across the period.

• been decreasing


• patent data


• been increase


• report can


• hydroelectric power


• been


• there has


• main inventor


• power technology


• invention

Sujets

• Hydroelectricity
• Invention

Informations

• Publié par: profil-zyak-2012
• Nombre de lectures: 14
• Langue: English

Extrait

Invention and transfer of hydroelectric power technologies, 1978 – 2003 This note is a technical annex to a general report onInvention and Transfer of Climate Change Mitigation Technologies on a Global Scale: A Study Drawing on Patent Data. The complete report can be downloaded at: http://www.cerna.ensmp.fr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=192&Itemid=288 The note describes the invention and transfer of hydroelectric power technologies in the world between 1978 and 2003. These technologies include hydro power stations; hydraulic turbines; submerged units incorporating electric generators; and devices for controlling hydraulic turbines. The first section focuses on the number of inventions and gives descriptive statistics on the main inventor countries. Section 2 deals specifically with the international flows of technologies and investigates which countries are the main exporters and importers of hydroelectric power technology. Key points The number of annual inventions fell from a peak of 230 in the late 1970s. Since 1998 there has been increase from a low of 97 to 185 for 2003. This corresponds to an average annual growth rate of 11.4%. During the 19982003 period, the main inventor countries were Japan, Germany, USA, China, Korea and Russia. Russia and Japan have decreased in importance through time, while inventive activity in China has risen. Patent protection is sought in at least two countries for between 8% and 15% of inventions, with a Ushaped pattern across the period. This means that between 85% and 92% of inventions are never exported. The average number of countries in which a given innovation is patented is very stable at around 1.5, but there has been a decoupling with the measure which weights this family size by GDP. Relative to other areas there has been a marked resurgence in inventive activity in developed economies.

Hydro  1