History of Egypt, Chald?a, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 5 (of 12)

Gaston Camille Charles Maspero, Project Gutenberg, A.H. Sayce, M. L. Mcclure

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• Publié par: vawyor
• Nombre de lectures: 31
• Langue: English

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of History Of Egypt, Chald a, Syria, � Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 5 (of 12), by G. Maspero This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: History Of Egypt, Chald a, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 5 (of � 12) Author: G. Maspero Editor: A.H. Sayce Translator: M.L. McClure Release Date: December 16, 2005 [EBook #17325] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF EGYPT, CHALD A ***� Produced by David Widger [Illustration: Spines] [Illustration: Cover] HISTORY OF EGYPT CHALDEA, SYRIA, BABYLONIA, AND ASSYRIA By G. MASPERO, Honorable Doctor of Civil Laws, and Fellow of Queen's College, Oxford; Member of the Institute and Professor at the College of France Edited by A. H. SAYCE, Professor of Assyriology, Oxford Translated by M. L. McCLURE, Member of the Committee of the Egypt Exploration Fund CONTAINING OVER TWELVE HUNDRED COLORED PLATES AND ILLUSTRATIONS Volume V. LONDON THE GROLIER SOCIETY PUBLISHERS [Illustration: Frontispiece][Illustration: Titlepage] THE EIGHTEENTH THEBAN DYNASTY--(continued) _TH �TMOSIS III.: THE ORGANISATION OF THE SYRIAN PROVINCES--AMEN THES� III.: THE WORSHIPPERS OF ATON �._ _Thutmosis III.: the talcing of Qodsh in the 42nd year of his � reign--The tribute of the south--The triumph-song of Amon._ _The constitution of the Egyptian empire--The Grown vassals and their relations with the Pharaoh--The king's messengers--The allied states--Royal presents and marriages; the status of foreigners in the royal harem--Commerce with Asia, its resources and its risks; protection granted to the national industries, and treaties of extradition._ _Amen thes II, his campaigns in Syria and Nubia--Th� tmosis IV.; his � dream under the shadow of the Sphinx and his marriage--Amen thes III. � and his peaceful reign--The great building works--The temples of Nubia: Soleb and his sanctuary built by Amen thes III, Gebel Barkal, � Elephantine--The beautifying of Thebes: the temple of Mat, the temples of Amon at Luxor and at Karnak, the tomb of Amen thes III, the chapel � and the colossi of Memnon._ _The increasing importance of Anion and his priests: preference shown by Amen thes III. for the Heliopolitan gods, his marriage with Tii--The� influence of Tii over Amen thes IV.: the decadence of Amon and of � Thebes, Aton and Kh tniaton� --Change of physiognomy in Kh�� niaton, his� � character, his government, his relations with Asia: the tombs of Tel el-Amarna and the art of the period--Tutanlchamon, At: the return of the Pharaohs to Thebes and the close of the XVIIIth dynasty._ CHAPTER I--THE EIGHTEENTH THEBAN DYNASTY--(continued) _Thutmosis III.: the organisation of the Syrian provinces--Amenothes III.: the royal worshippers of Aton ._ � In the year XXXIV. the Egyptians reappeared in Zahi. The people of Anaugasa having revolted, two of their towns were taken, a third surrendered, while the chiefs of the Lotan hastened to meet their lord � with their usual tribute. Advantage was taken of the encampment being at the foot of the Lebanon to procure wood for building purposes, such as beams and planks, masts and yards for vessels, which were all shipped by the Kef tiu at Byblos for exportation to the Delta. This expedition was,� indeed, little more than a military march through the country. It would appear that the Syrians soon accustomed themselves to the presence of the Egyptians in their midst, and their obedience henceforward could be fairly relied on. We are unable to ascertain what were the circumstances or the intrigues which, in the year XXXV., led to a sudden outbreak among the tribes settled on the Euphrates and the Orontes. The King of Mitanni rallied round him the princes of Naharaim, and awaited the attack of the Egyptians near Aruna. Th tmosis displayed great personal � courage, and the victory was at once decisive. We find mention of only ten prisoners, one hundred and eighty mares, and sixty chariots in the lists of the spoil. Anaugasa again revolted, and was subdued afresh in the year XXXVIII.; the Sha s rebelled in the year XXXIX., and the � � Lotan or some of the tribes connected with them two years later. The� campaign of the year XLII. proved more serious. Troubles had arisen in the neighbourhood of Arvad. Th tmosis, instead of following the usual �caravan route, marched along the coast-road by way of Phoenicia. He destroyed Arka in the Lebanon and the surrounding strongholds, which were the haunts of robbers who lurked in the mountains; then turning to the northeast, he took Tunipa and extorted the usual tribute from the inhabitants of Naharaim. On the other hand, the Prince of Qodsh , � trusting to the strength of his walled city, refused to do homage to the Pharaoh, and a deadly struggle took place under the ramparts, in which each side availed themselves of all the artifices which the strategic warfare of the times allowed. On a day when the assailants and besieged were about to come to close quarters, the Amorites let loose a mare among the chariotry of Th tmosis. The Egyptian horses threatened to � become unmanageable, and had begun to break through the ranks, when Amenemhab , an officer of the guard, leaped to the ground, and, running� up to the creature, disembowelled it with a thrust of his sword; this done, he cut off its tail and presented it to the king. The besieged were eventually obliged to shut themselves within their newly built walls, hoping by this means to tire out the patience of their assailants; but a picked body of men, led by the same brave Amenemhab � who had killed the mare, succeeded in making a breach and forcing an entrance into the town. Even the numerous successful campaigns we have mentioned, form but a part, though indeed an important part, of the wars undertaken by Th tmosis to "fix his frontiers in the ends of the � earth." Scarcely a year elapsed without the viceroy of Ethiopia having a conflict with one or other of the tribes of the Upper Nile; little merit as he might gain in triumphing over such foes, the spoil taken from them formed a considerable adjunct to the treasure collected in Syria, while the tributes from the people of K sh and the Ua a were paid with as � � �� great regularity as the taxes levied on the Egyptians themselves. It comprised gold both from the mines and from the rivers, feathers, oxen with curiously trained horns, giraffes, lions, leopards, and slaves of all ages. The distant regions explored by H tshops t continued to pay � � � a tribute at intervals. A fleet went to P an t to fetch large cargoes � � of incense, and from time to time some Il m chief would feel himself � honoured by having one of his daughters accepted as an inmate of the harem of the great king. After the year XLII. we have no further records of the reign, but there is no reason to suppose that its closing years were less eventful or less prosperous than the earlier. Th tmosis III., � when