Archeological Investigations - Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 76

Gerard Fowke

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• Publié par: ibbo
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 19
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 12 Mo

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Archeological Investigations, by Gerard Fowke This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Archeological Investigations Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 76 Author: Gerard Fowke Release Date: July 28, 2006 [EBook #18931] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS *** Produced by Robert Connal, Jeannie Howse, Alicia Williams, Bruce Albrecht and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF/Gallica) at http://gallica.bnf.fr) Transcriber's Note: Inconsistent hyphenation matches the original document. Obvious typographical errors have been corrected in this text. For a complete list, please see the bottom of this document. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 76 ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS I. OF CENTRAL MISSOURI II. CAVE EXPLORATIONS IN OTHER STATES III. BLUFFS IN KANSAS AND NEBRASKA IV. ABORIGINAL HOUSE MOUNDS V. ARCHEOLOGICAL WORK IN HAWAII CAVE EXPLORATIONS IN THE OZARK REGION EXPLORATIONS ALONG THE MISSOURI RIVER BY GERARD FOWKE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1922 [3] LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY , Washington, D.C., February 17, 1920. SIR: I have the honor to transmit the accompanying manuscript, entitled "Archeological Investigations," by Gerard Fowke, and to recommend its publication, subject to your approval, as a bulletin of this bureau. Very respectfully, J. WALTER FEWKES, Chief. DR. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. [5] CONTENTS I. C AVE EXPLORATIONS IN THE OZARK R EGION OF C ENTRAL MISSOURI Page Introduction The Upper Current River Shannon County Bat Cave Blue Spring, or Fishing Cave Welch's Cave Big Creek Cave Texas County Smith Caves Saltpeter Cave Dent County Mammoth Cave 13 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 Guthoerl Cave Short Bend Cave Money Cave Saltpeter Cave Watson, Twin, or Onyx Caves House mounds Phelps County Bates Cave Another "Bates Cave" Renaud Cave Marsh Caves Wild-hog Cave Shelters Phelps Cave "Key Rocks" Jones Cave Yancy Mills Cave Lane Mound Cairns on Lost Hill, at mouth of Gourd Creek Exploration of the Gourd Creek Cave Onyx Cave Goat Bluff Cave Cairns at Sugar Tree Camp Tick Creek Cave Cave in Pool Hollow House mounds near Rolla House mounds near Dillon House mounds near St. James Pulaski County McWilliams Cave Davis Caves Berry Cave Maxey Cave Yoark Cave Graves at Laughlin's Kerr Cave Sell Cave Phillips Cave Bell's Cave Camp-ground Cave Bucher Cave Graves near McKennan's 20 20 21 21 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 28 34 35 40 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 45 51 51 51 51 52 [6] Roubidoux Cave Richland Cave Rollins Caves Mix Cave Double Cave Railroad Cave Bat, or Page, Cave Tunnel Cave Brooks Cave Riddle Cave Lane's Cave Dry Creek Cave House mounds Riden's Cave Saltpeter Cave Miller's Cave Ramsey's Cave Graham Cave Pillman's, or Spring Creek, Cave Woodland Hollow Cave Walled graves at Devil's Elbow Cairns on Helm's farm Ash Cave Clemmens Creek Cave Camden County Along the Niangua River A fossil cave Miller County Wright Cave Wilson Cave Bagnell Cave Bode Cave Luckenhoff Cave Jurggenmeyer Cave Daerhoff Cave Cave near mouth of Tavern Creek Bat Cave Grave at mouth of Saline Creek Stark's Cave House mounds Cairns Maries County 52 52 52 53 54 55 55 56 56 56 56 56 56 57 57 57 81 83 83 84 84 87 89 89 89 89 91 91 92 94 94 94 94 94 95 95 95 95 96 96 96 96 [7] Indian Ford Cave Lackaye's Bluff Cave Hurricane Bluff Cave Stratman Cave Osage County River Cave Rock-shelter Steuffer Cave Cairns House mounds "Indian Fort" Cole County Natural Bridge Cave Morgan County Speers Cave House mounds II. C AVE EXPLORATIONS IN OTHER STATES Introduction Indiana Lawrence County Martin County Orange County Crawford County Harrison County Illinois Monroe County Kentucky Hardin County Hart County Edmonson County Warren County Barren County Monroe County Logan County Todd County Tennessee Montgomery County Sullivan County Bledsoe County Sequatchie County Grundy County 96 97 97 98 98 98 98 99 99 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 101 102 102 102 106 107 111 111 111 112 112 112 115 118 119 120 122 122 123 123 124 128 130 131 Franklin County Marion County Hamilton County Alabama Lauderdale County Colbert County Jackson County Dekalb County Marshall County NEBRASKA 131 132 133 133 133 134 135 137 139 [8] III. EXPLORATIONS ALONG THE M ISSOURI RIVER BLUFFS IN KANSAS AND Vicinity of White Cloud, Kansas Iowa Point Near the mouth of the Nemaha River Vicinity of Troy, Kansas Mouth of Mosquito Creek Rulo, Nebraska Near Howe, Nebraska Peru, Nebraska Papillion, Nebraska Vicinity of Omaha, Nebraska Long's Hill IV. ABORIGINAL H ORSE MOUNDS New Madrid County St. François County V. ARCHAEOLOGICAL WORK IN H AWAII Introduction Molokai Island The Rain Heiau The sacrifice stones Hawaii Island Kilauea Waimea Quarry on Mauna Kea Kawaihae East Point district Napoopoo Honaunau Keauhou 178 179 180 181 182 183 183 183 183 184 184 184 185 166 166 151 152 152 153 153 154 155 156 156 156 157 Mookini Laupahoehoe Maui Island Kaupo, or Mokulau Wailuku Waihee Burial places In the Iao Valley Kauai Island Lihue Wailua Dune burials Waimea Conclusions Index 185 187 188 188 188 189 190 191 191 192 192 193 194 194 197 [9] ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES Page 1. a, Cave on Big Piney River, Pulaski County, Mo. b, Cave on Big Piney River, Texas County, Mo. 2. a, Bluff at Mouth of Spring Creek, Pulaski County, Mo. b, Pillman's, or Spring Creek, Cave, Pulaski County, Mo. 3. Map of area examined 4. Bone and antler implements from Gourd Creek Cave, Phelps County, Mo. 5. Shell and flint objects from Gourd Creek Cave 6. Skull from Goat Bluff Cave, Phelps County, Mo. 7. Skull from Goat Bluff Cave 8. Skull from Goat Bluff Cave 9. Skull of child from Goat Bluff Cave 10. Flints from Goat Bluff Cave 11. Bone and antler implements from Goat Bluff Cave 12. Bone and antler implements from Goat Bluff Cave 12 12 18 34 34 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 13. a, Cairn 6 miles north of Arlington, Mo. b, Walled grave 6 miles north of Arlington, Mo. 14. Cairns on Roubidoux Creek, 6 miles from Waynesville, Mo. 15. Flints from Sell Cave, near Waynesville, Mo. 16. Objects from Sell Cave. a, Pestles or grinding stones; b, celt, pottery disks, paint stones, and skiver 17. Three skulls from Pulaski County, Mo. a, b, Skull from Sell Cave; c, d, skull from Bell's Cave, near Waynesville; e, f , skull from Miller's Cave 18. Teeth from Sell Cave and other caves, showing manner and amount of wear 19. Teeth from Sell Cave and other caves, showing manner and amount of wear 20. a, b, Skull from Miller's Cave, Pulaski County, Mo.; c, part of skull of child from Miller's Cave 21. Skull of young woman from Miller's Cave 22. Skull of child from Miller's Cave 23. Diseased tibia of adult and diseased bones of child from Miller's Cave 24. Skull of child from Miller's Cave 25. Cache of flints from ash bed in Miller's Cave 26. Flints from Miller's Cave 27. Flints from Miller's Cave 28. Flints from Miller's Cave 29. Axes and pestles from Miller's Cave 30. Bone implements from Miller's Cave 31. Bone implements from Miller's Cave 32. Bone implements from Miller's Cave 33. Bone implements from Miller's Cave 34. Bone and antler implements from Miller's Cave 35. Antler implements from Miller's Cave 36. Skivers, showing stages of manufacture, from Miller's Cave 37. Shell spoons, pottery disks, and broken spoon made of a deer's skull, from Miller's Cave 38. a, Heiaus A and B, on Molokai Island, looking west; b, Heiau A, on Molokai Island, looking north; c, Heiaus A and B, on Molokai Island, looking south 39. a, Heiau A, on Molokai Island, looking south; b, platform in Heiau A, looking southeast; c, paved way in Heiau A, looking southwest 40. a, Paved way in Heiau A, looking north; b, fireplace in Heiau A 38 46 46 46 46 48 48 68 68 72 72 72 72 76 76 76 76 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 [10] 180 180 180 41. a, Heiau B, on Molokai Island, looking northwest; b, Heiau B, showing stone-paved interior, looking northeast 42. a, The "Rain Heiau," Molokai Island, looking west; b, The "Rain Heiau," looking south 43. a, The "Rain Heiau," looking north; b, The "Rain Heiau," looking southwest 44. a, The "Sacrifice Stones," on Molokai Island, looking southwest; b, The "Sacrifice Stones," looking west 45. a, The "Sacrifice Stones," looking northwest; b, the "Sacrifice Stones," looking south TEXT FIGURES 180 180 180 180 180 1. Outline of Cairn (1), at Lost Hill, Phelps County, Mo. 2. Outline of Cairn (2), at Lost Hill, Phelps County, Mo. 3. Pipe from Cairn (2) 4. Outline of Cairn (3), Lost Hill 5. Fragment of glass bottle from Goat Bluff Cave 6. Pot from Goat Bluff Cave 7. Grooved ax from Goat Bluff Cave 8. Perforated object of antler from Sell Cave 9. Rubbing or polishing stone from Sell Cave 10. Flints from Sell Cave 11. Incised figure in sandstone near Miller's Cave 12. Incised figures in sandstone near Miller's Cave 13. Plan of Miller's Cave 14. Clay pipe from Miller's Cave 15. Perforated bone object from Miller's Cave 16. Adz or gouge of chert from Miller's Cave 17. Clay pipe from Miller's Cave 18. Columella bead from Cairn (4), Devil's Elbow 19. Columella bead from Cairn (5), Devil's Elbow 20. Plan of Fossil Cave 21. Section of Fossil Cave 22. Perforator and knife from Wright Cave 23. Cross section of Fort Deposit Cave at 18 feet 24. Cross section of Fort Deposit Cave at 20 feet 25. Cross section of Fort Deposit Cave at 22 feet 26. Cross section of Fort Deposit Cave at 26 feet 27. Cross section of Fort Deposit Cave at 28 feet 28. Cross