Research on bioethics

Directorate-General For Research And Innovation European Commission

Description

AIDS: Ethics, justice and European policy
Medical and biological research
Health policy

Informations

• Publié par: DIRECTORATE-GENERAL-FOR-RESEARCH-AND-INNOVATION-EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 16
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION
ResearchResearch onon bioethics
AIDS
Ethics, justice and European policy
EUR 17789European Commission
EdithEdith Cresson,Cresson, MemberMember ofof thethe CommissionCommission
responsible for research, innovation, education, training and youth
DG XII/E.4 RTD actions: Life sciences and technologies
medical research
Contact: MrsMrs Christiane Bardoux
Address: European Commission, rue de la Loi 200 (SDME 8/56),
B-1049 Brussels Tel. [phone], Fax [phone]EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Research on bioethics
AIDS
Ethics,Ethics, justice andand European policy
Final report of a European research project
EditedEdited byby
R. Bennet, C. Erin and J. Harris
with legal commentary by M. Brazier and M. Mulholland
on behalf of the project participants
Directorate-General
Science, ResearchResearch andand Development
EUR 17789A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the
Internet. ItIt cancan bebe accessedaccessed throughthrough thethe EuropaEuropa serverserver (http://europa.eu.int).
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1998
ISBN 92-828-2359-8
© European Communities, 1 998
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
Printed inin Belgium
Printed on white chlorine-free paperPREFACE
The Biomedical and Health Research Programme (BIOMED) of
the European Commission is stimulating international
multidisciplinary co-operation between Member States in order
to improve the efficiency of medical and health research in
Europe.
Since the early 1990s the work programme of BIOMED has,
besides purely scientific or medical issues, also included
research onon thethe legal, ethicalethical andand social aspectsaspects ofof biomedicine.biomedicine.
Research on biomedical ethics is aimed at identifying general
standards for the respect of human dignity and protection ofthe
individual inin thethe context ofof biomedical researchresearch andand itsits clinicalclinical
applications.
The Concerted Action entitled "AIDS: Ethics, Justice and
European Policy"Policy" co-ordinatedco-ordinated byby ProfessorProfessor John HarrisHarris
addressed the many ethical, social and legal issues such as
solidarity, social justice, autonomy, freedom and responsibility,
related to the development of European Policy on AIDS.
TheThe finalfinal reportreport ofof thisthis threethree yearyear researchresearch projectproject whichwhich
involved experts from such different disciplines as medicine,
philosophy and sociology and patients groups from Member
States as well as Eastern European countries, constitutes a
reference tooltool forfor healthhealth policypolicy makers andand aa concrete andand
fruitful answer to the objectives ofthe BIOMED Programme in
the fields of Biomedical Ethics.
Christiane BardouxBardoux
Research on Biomedical Ethics
Medical Research Unit,
Life Sciences Directorate
European CommissionAIDS: Ethics, Justice and European Policy
THETHE CENTRECENTRE FORFOR SOCIAL ETHICSETHICS ANDAND POLICY,POLICY, UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY OFOF MANCHESTER
Report to the European Commission
Directorate General XII
Biomedicine And Health Research Programme
(BIOMED 1)
Cooperation in Science and Technology
withwith
Central and Eastern European Countries
(PECO)Contents
Page
INTRODUCTION
Project Coordinator's Preface ix
Introduction xi
Participants xiiixiii
Statement on Referencing xxxi
BACKGROUND
Chapter 1 Personal perspectives: 3
Who Am I? - A Personal Account
by Sue Newman
Living WithWith HIVHIV
by Jørgen Haahr Kristensen
Chapter 2 Case Notes 11
Chapter 3 Scientific Matters: What is HIV/AIDS? 15
What is HIV and AIDS?
How is HIV transmitted?
Risk
Sexual TransmissionTransmission
Blood
Donor insemination
Vertical Transmission
Health CareCare Professionals
HIV Testing
HIV antibody testing
Window period
Other HIV tests
TheThe FutureFuture
EpidemiologyPartPart I:I: HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS LNLN EUROPE
Chapter 4 The HIV Pandemic: Europe's Legislative 25
and Policy Response
Introduction
Jurisdiction
A European Policy?
Rhetoric or reality
Chapter 5 Policy Responses to AIDS in Europe 31
Introduction
Epidemiology
General Strategies
The Organisational Basis of AIDS Policies
TheThe RoleRole ofthe LawLaw
Testing
Health Education
Policies for Specific Groups
Homosexual men
IVIV DrugDrug Users
Sex Workers
Prisoners
Discrimination
Treatment andand CareCare
Summary and Discussion
Part II: MORAL CONSIDERATIONS: ETHICS
AND SOCIAL POLICY
Chapter 6 The Informing Hypothesis: Reciprocity 55
of Obligations
The Informing Hypothesis
Clarifications Suggested
Criminalisation ofof Transmission ofofHIV?
Level of risk
Obligation to protect oneselffrom HIV infection to know one 's own serostatus
Professional Confidentiality