Design and cost performance of WDM pons for multi-wavelength users [Elektronische Ressource] / von Jürgen Schussmann

Jürgen Schussmann

Informations

• Publié par: technische_universitat_ilmenau
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 33
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

DESIGN AND COST PERFORMANCE OF
WDM PONs FOR
MULTI-WAVELENGTH USERS




Dissertation

zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
Doktoringenieur (Dr.-Ing.)



vorgelegt der Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik
der Technischen Universität Ilmenau


von Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Jürgen Schussmann
geboren am 01.09.1970 in Klagenfurt




vorgelegt am 28. April 2008


Gutachter: 1. Univ.-Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Jochen Seitz
2. Dr.-Ing. Werner Horn
3. FH-Prof. Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Schirl

Verteidigung am 15. September 2008
Verf.-Nr.: EI


urn:nbn:de:gbv:ilm1-2008000161
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
Preface ........................................................................................................................ 1
Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................ 2
1 Introduction .......... 3
1.1 Problems in Access Networks .............. 6
1.1.1 Bitrate requirements ...................................................................................... 6
1.1.2 Bitrate Limitation .......................... 8
1.1.3 Current Technologies in Access Networks.................... 11
1.2 Organization of this Work ................. 13
2 Overview on Optical Access Networks ................................................................... 15
2.1 Classification of Optical Access Networks .......................... 15
2.2 SDM ................................................................................................................... 21
2.3 TDM PON ......... 22
2.3.1 Technological Background ........... 22
2.3.2 Standardization ............................................................................................ 31
2.3.3 Overhead impact .......................... 34
2.4 WDM PON ........................................ 37
2.4.1 Technological Background ........................................... 37
2.4.2 Downstream Transmission 42
2.4.3 Upstream Transmission ............... 43
2.4.4 Standardization ............................................................................................ 47
2.5 Paradigm Shift ................................... 49
2.5.1 New Paradigm ............................. 49
2.5.2 Characteristics 50
2.6 Summary ............................................................................................................ 52
3 Single-Stage Networks ........................... 54
3.1 Wavelength reuse and space demultiplexing ...................... 54
3.2 Wavelength Transfer Matrix .............. 59
3.3 WTM Generalization ......................................................................................... 63
3.4 Network Design .................................. 67
3.5 Connectivity Map .............................. 70
3.6 Capacity Limits . 72
3.7 Summary ............................................................................................................ 73
4 Multistage Networks ............................. 74
4.1 Network Design .. 75
4.1.1 Design Conventions ...................................................................................... 75
4.1.2 Network Model ............................ 78
II TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.1.3 Constraints of the Design Conventions ........................................................ 78
4.1.4 Common Design Parameters ........................................................................ 79
4.1.5 IC WDM PON ............................................................. 81
4.1.6 DC WDM PON ........................... 85
4.1.7 Number of wavelengths per user .. 88
4.1.8 IC versus DC WDM PONs .......................................................................... 88
4.1.9 Summary ...................................... 90
4.2 Connectivity Map .............................. 91
4.2.1 Top-Down Approach .................................................................................... 92
4.2.2 Bottom-Up Approach .................. 98
4.2.3 Examples.................................................................................................... 101
4.3 Capacity Limits ............................... 104
4.4 Power budget ... 106
5 Techno- Economic Evaluations ........................................... 108
5.1 Introduction ..................................................................... 108
5.2 Generation of Network Architectures ............................................................... 109
5.3 Cost Performance ............................. 114
5.3.1 Cost Function ............................................................ 114
5.3.2 Performance Analysis ................................................................................. 115
5.4 WR Position .... 120
5.4.1 Network Architecture................. 120
5.4.2 Performance Analysis 123
5.4.3 Summary .................................................................................................... 126
6 Test Environment ............................... 127
6.1 Implementation 127
6.2 Applications ..... 130
6.2.1 Video Conferencing .................................................................................... 131
6.2.2 HQHS Streaming ....................... 131
7 Conclusion and Perspective ................. 136
8 Bibliography ....................................................................................................... 139
9 Appendix A List of Abbreviations ....... 155
10 Appendix B List of used Symbols ..... 161
10.1 List of General Symbols ................ 161
10.2 List of Mathematical Symbols....................................................................... 162
11 Appendix C Standards ..................................................................................... 165
Index ........................................................ 168


III
Preface
Due to the incomparable popularity of the World Wide Web, the already enormous and
still rocketing bandwidth demand may only be satisfied by optical networks, particularly
by using the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology. To obtain WDM
signals with high bit rates, multiple channels operating at a lower transmission speed
are supported on a single optical fiber. This technology is currently applied exclusively
in core and distributed networks.

The subject of this thesis will be the analysis of WDM-based passive optical networks
(PON) in the access domain. The paradigm shift, one wavelength per service, leads to
the introduction of new aspects in the design of future WDM PON access networks.
New cutting-edge architectures offer each service its own wavelength across the whole
access network. Only architectures which guarantee a multi-provider solution are
analyzed to provide substantial value enhancement for the customer.

This work deals with single and multistage WDM PONs. New methods are introduced
to design and calculate these future optical access networks which fulfill the established
paradigm shift. Required design parameters are identified and new methods are
introduced to calculate all necessary parameters to design such networks. These new
design conventions can be used to fully calculate each WDM PON relating to the
functional requirements.

In techno-economic evaluations, new network architectures with the highest potential
concerning economic considerations are identified. Thereby, technological feasibility is a
basic condition. The purpose is to find out which combinations of design parameters are
significant and in particular minimize costs. A tool was developed to fully calculate the
costs and a connectivity map of new architectures. New down-to-earth architectures
need to be analyzed and evaluated.

The area-wide deployment of WDM PONs introduces more simply structured systems
that are cheaper in the short or medium term. Thereby, an introduction to this new
technology will speed up market introduction as well as market acceptance. This will
help WDM PON access networks become reality.



Acknowledgments
This work is the result of my Ph.D. studies performed as Ph.D. student at the Institute
of Communication Networks of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information
Technology at the Technical University in Ilmenau. The whole work was performed at
the Institute of Telematics/Network Engineering at the Carinthia University of Applied
Sciences in Austria.

I owe special thanks to my adviser, Univ.-Prof. Dr. rer.nat. Jochen Seitz, for his
continuous encouragement, guidance and motivation in making this dissertation
possible. Thanks especially go to Dr. Werner Horn, who read through my work and
supported me with her expertise.
I am highly grateful for the exciting and profitable discussions and the countless
refreshing sports activities initiated by Prof. (FH) Dipl.-Ing. Dr. rer.nat. Thomas Schirl.
His ideas and tremendous support have a major influence on this thesis. He spent a lot
of time helping me.
I also want to thank all the other colleagues at the