Žemės plutos horizontaliųjų judesių Ignalinos atominės elektrinės rajone tyrimas geodeziniais metodais ; Research of the earth’s crust horizontal movements in the Ignalina nuclear power plant region by geodetic methods

Description

Arminas STANIONIS RESEARCH OF THE EARTH’S CRUST HORIZONTAL MOVEMENTS IN THE IGNALINA NUCLEAR POWER PLANT REGION BY GEODETIC METHODS Summary of Doctoral Dissertation Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering (10T) 1204 Vilnius 2005 VILNIUS GEDIMINAS TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY Arminas STANIONIS RESEARCH OF THE EARTH’S CRUST HORIZONTAL MOVEMENTS IN THE IGNALINA NUCLEAR POWER PLANT REGION BY GEODETIC METHODS Summary of Doctoral Dissertation Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering (10T) Vilnius 2005 Doctoral dissertation was prepared at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University in 2002–2005 Scientific Supervisor Prof Dr Habil Algimantas ZAKAREVIČIUS (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering – 10T) Consultants: Prof Dr Habil Romualdas BAUŠYS (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Informatics Engineering – 07T) Dr Habil Saulius ŠLIAUPA (Institute of Geology and Geography, Physical Sciences, Geology – 05P) The Dissertation is being defended at the Council of Scientific Field of Measurement Engineering at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University: Chairman Prof Dr Habil Jonas SKEIVALAS (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering – 10T) Members: Prof Dr Habil Stanislavas SAKALAUSKAS (Vilnius University, Technological Sciences, Measurement

Sujets

• Finite element method
• Geodetic network
• Hooke's law
• Tensor

Informations

• Publié par: vilnius_gediminas_technical_university
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2006
• Nombre de lectures: 44

Extrait

 

      Arminas STANIONIS       RESEARCH OF THE EARTH’S CRUST HORIZONTAL MOVEMENTS IN THE IGNALINA NUCLEAR POWER PLANT REGION BY GEODETIC METHODS         Summary of Doctoral Dissertation Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering (10T)              

 

Vilnius

2005

1204

 

VILNIUS GEDIMINAS TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY               Arminas STANIONIS       RESEARCH OF THE EARTH’S CRUST HORIZONTAL MOVEMENTS IN THE IGNALINA NUCLEAR POWER PLANT REGION BY GEODETIC METHODS         Summary of Doctoral Dissertation Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering (10T)                

 

Vilnius

2005

 

Doctoral dissertation was prepared at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University in 2002–2005   Scientific Supervisor Prof Dr Habil Algimantas ZAKAREVIČIUS(Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering – 10T) Consultants: Prof Dr Habil Romualdas BAUŠYS (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Informatics Engineering – 07T) Dr Habil Saulius ŠLIAUPA (Institute of Geology and Geography, Physical Sciences, Geology – 05P) The Dissertation is being defended at the Council of Scientific Field of Measurement Engineering at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University: Chairman Prof Dr Habil Jonas SKEIVALAS(Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering – 10T) Members: Prof Dr Habil Stanislavas SAKALAUSKAS (Vilnius University, Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering – 10T) Dr Habil Jonas MAEIKA(Institute of Geology and Geography, Physical Sciences, Geology – 05P) Prof Dr Habil Juozas ATKOČIŪNAS (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Mechanical Engineering – 09T) Prof Dr Habil Vladas VEKTERIS(Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering – 10T) Opponents: Prof Dr Habil AlgimantasČESNULEVIČIUS(Vilnius University, Physical Sciences, Geography – 06P) Prof Dr Habil Vytautas GINIOTIS Gediminas Technical (Vilnius University, Technological Sciences, Measurement Engineering – 10T)   The dissertation will be defended at the public meeting of the Council of Scientific Field of Measurement Engineering in the Senate Hall of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University at 10 a. m. on 20 December 2005. Address: Saulėtekio al. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius-40, Lithuania Tel.: [phone]; fax [phone]; e-mail [e-mail]   The summary of the doctoral dissertation was distributed on 18 November 2005 A copy of the doctoral dissertation is available for review at the Library of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (Saulėtekio al. 14, Vilnius, Lithuania)   © Arminas Stanionis, 2005  

 

 

VILNIAUS GEDIMINO TECHNIKOS UNIVERSITETAS               Arminas STANIONIS       EMĖS PLUTOS HORIZONTALIŲJŲJUDESIŲ   IGNALINOS ATOMINĖS ELEKTRINĖS RAJONE TYRIMAS GEODEZINIAIS METODAIS           Daktaro disertacijos santrauka Technologijos mokslai, matavimųininerija (10T)                  

 

Vilnius

2005 

 

Disertacija rengta 2002–2005 metais Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitete.   Mokslinis vadovas prof. habil. dr. Algimantas ZAKAREVIČIUS(Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas, technologijos mokslai, matavimųininerija – 10T). Konsultantai: prof. habil. dr. Romualdas BAUŠYS Gedimino technikos (Vilniaus universitetas, technologijos mokslai, informatikos ininerija – 07T), habil. dr. Saulius ŠLIAUPA (Geologijos ir geografijos institutas, fiziniai mokslai, geologija – 05P). Disertacija ginama Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto Matavimų   ininerijos mokslo krypties taryboje: Pirmininkas prof. habil. dr. Jonas SKEIVALAS Gedimino technikos (Vilniaus universitetas, technologijos mokslai, matavimųininerija – 10T). Nariai: prof. habil. dr. Stanislavas SAKALAUSKAS universitetas, (Vilniaus technologijos mokslai, matavimųininerija – 10T), habil. dr. Jonas MAEIKA (Geologijos ir geografijos institutas, fiziniai mokslai, geologija – 05P), prof. habil. dr. Juozas ATKOČIŪNAS (Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas, technologijos mokslai, mechanikos ininerija – 09T), prof. habil. dr. Vladas VEKTERIS (Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas, technologijos mokslai, matavimųininerija – 10T). Oponentai: prof. habil. dr. AlgimantasČESNULEVIČIUS universitetas, (Vilniaus fiziniai mokslai, geografija – 06P), prof. habil. dr. Vytautas GINIOTIS (Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas, technologijos mokslai, matavimųininerija – 10T).   Disertacija bus ginama viešame Matavimų mokslo krypties tarybos ininerijos posėdyje 2005 m. gruodio 20 d. 10 val. Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto senato posėdiųsalėje. Adresas: Saulėtekio al. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius-40, Lietuva. Tel.: [phone]; faksas [phone]; el. paštas [e-mail]   Disertacijos santrauka išsiuntinėta 2005 m. lapkričio 18 d. Disertacijągalima periūrėti Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto bibliotekoje (Saulėtekio al. 14, Vilnius, Lietuva). VGTU leidyklos „Technika“ 1204 mokslo literatūros knyga.   © Arminas Stanionis, 2005

 

 

I UCODTRNONTI     Topicality of the research.Research of Earth’s crust recent movements is important scientific and practical problem related to establishment and usage of geodetic networks, construction and exploitation of complex ecologically dangerous installations, search of natural resources. Results of research are used for determination of seismically active territories and evaluation of danger level, for investigation of recent geodynamic field stresses characteristics. Geodetic observations are not only the source of information on Earth’s crust recent movements for the other sciences but the geodesy itself also needs reliable data on geodynamic processes going on. Solution of kinematical and dynamical geodetic tasks is based on this information results on improvement of accuracy of geodetic networks and extend their exploitation time. Earth’s crust vertical movements are systematically investigated since 1950s. Detailed research on horizontal movements is covering only last two decades. Therefore research data on Earth’s crust horizontal movements are especially important and provide more detailed information on the recent geodynamic processes and tectonic stresses than research of vertical movements. Detailed research in the area of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant region are very important for evaluation of territorial seismic risk.   Objective of the research. Improvement of evaluation methods of Earth’s crust recent movements indexes from geodetic observations by applying tensor analysis and investigation of Earth’s crust horizontal movements in Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant region. Main tasks to achieve research goal: •
theoretically and create invariant algorithms of coordinateSubstantiate systems for computation of Earth’s crust horizontal deformations from geodetic observation data. •
Analyse possibilities of finite element method for evaluation of tensor components of Earth’s crust deformations and possibilities of practical applications for Earth’s crust horizontal movements modelling. •
Create method and algorithms for evaluation of variations of Earth’s crust tectonic stresses from geodetic observation data. •
By applying created method and algorithms, investigate Earth’s crust horizontal movements in the region of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant. •
Determine the relation of Earth’s crust horizontal movements and variation of tectonic stresses with territorial tectonic formation. •
Analyse influence of systematic errors of coordinates determination for estimates of Earth’s crust horizontal movement indexes.

5

 

Research object.Geodynamic polygon of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant.   Methods of research. Research of Earth’s crust horizontal deformations and variation of tectonic stresses by tensor analysis method. Tensor components evaluated by finite element method from geodetic observation data. Methods of mathematical statistics are applied for the evaluation of reliability of identification of Earth’s crust horizontal movements dispersion model. Analysis of the Earth’s crust recent geodynamic processes and interpretation of Earth’s crust horizontal movements is performed based on the assumption that Earth’s crust recent movements are continuation of previous geologic periods tectonic activity and is reflected in geologic structures.   Scientific novelty of the research work. A method prepared and created algorithm for computations and evaluation of relation between Earth’s crust horizontal deformations and variations of tectonic stresses. Hooke’s law was used for relation description. Method of evaluation of Earth’s crust horizontal deformations was improved as well as modelling method based on observation data. Elements of deformation tensors were evaluated by applying finite element method. New data of Earth’s crust horizontal movements and their geodynamic interpretation at the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant region were obtained.   Practical value.   Method of Earth’s crust horizontal deformations evaluation and algorithms for deformation analysis and modelling in various sizes: local, regional, and global objects were prepared. Suggested method of Earth’s crust horizontal movements research can be used for risk evaluation of seismically active territories, for selecting sites for complex ecologically dangerous equipment construction, for searching natural resources. Obtained results of Earth’s crust movements and their relation to tectonic territorial peculiarities in the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant region can be used for evaluation of eco-geodynamic risk as a complex part of seismic monitoring system. Therefore further geodetic observations are necessary in the geodynamic polygon.   Defended propositions: •
Method of Earth’s crust horizontal movements evaluation and modelling from geodetic observations: theory and algorithms.

6

 

•
Method for Earth crust tectonic stresses variation determination by using geodetic observations. •
Earth’s crust horizontal movement indexes of estimates determination by evaluating systematic errors of coordinates of geodetic reference. •
of Earth’s crust recent horizontal movements determination in theResults region of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant area and their geodynamic interpretation.   •
Usage of universal PC software for creation of physical deformation bodies models by applying finite element method for research of Earth’s crust horizontal movement and variations of tectonic stresses.   Approval of the research work.   The results of the research presented in the dissertation are published in 16 scientific publications in Lithuanian and foreign reviewed scientific periodical publications and conference proceedings. Main analysed aspects and formulated statements of the research have been presented in the 4 international and 9 national conferences.   The scope of the scientific work.   Dissertation consists of introduction, four chapters, conclusions and suggestions, references (236 sources), list of authors scientific publications (16 publications). Volume of the dissertation is 124 pages.     T HE C ONTENT OF THE D TITAERSSINO     Chapter 1. Review of Earth’s crust horizontal movements research.   Review of the scientific publications on the Earth’s crust horizontal movement determination from the geodetic observations is presented. From the analysed scientific publications it was determined that for research of Earth’s crust horizontal movement and recent geodynamic processes from geodetic observation data it is advisable to use methods based on tensor analysis principles. They are invariant to coordinate systems, so results are unambiguous, independent from selected starting points and therefore geodetic networks created in different coordinate systems can be used. Research tasks and methods have been defined based on the analysed scientific publications.   Chapter 2. Tectonic structure of Lithuanian territory and possibilities of geodetic networks usage for the research of Earth’s crust movements.Earth’s crust recent movements are continuation of neo-tectonic processes. Tectonic Earth’s crust movements of local territories are evident in the background of

7

 

regional movements and are related to tectonic Earth’s crust, regional and local structures, and various tectonic faults. Earth’s crust local movements of Ignalina Nuclear Power plant region are analysed in the regional background of the Lithuanian territory. This principle was followed in performing survey of research object of Earth’s crust tectonic structure. Regional peculiarities of Lithuanian territory tectonic structure were analysed first by separating large structural – tectonic regions, geologic structures of higher ranks, faults of crystalline basement and their systems. Tectonic situation in the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant region was analysed by relating it to lower rank tectonic structures and to tectonic faults of various ranks. Possibilities of Lithuanian geodetic networks usage for regional background of Earth’s crust horizontal movements in Lithuanian territory were analysed. Lithuanian triangulation network points observed in 1926–1940 and re-observed with the Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers in 1992–1994 for establishment of National Zero and First Order Networks were used for Earth’s crust movement background determination. There are 45 such points on the Lithuanian territory. The database of observations in these points was created and used for research of Earth’s crust horizontal movements. Observations in 1926–1940 and in 1992–1994 were made in different geodetic coordinates systems, therefore for the database they have been transformed into homogeneous coordinate system. Special geodynamic polygon was established in the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant region for the research of Earth’s crust horizontal movements. Polygon was made of 10 ground points built in the area. Points have been distributed in the way suitable for control of Earth’s crust main faults bordering blocks movements. Observations in the geodynamic polygon have been performed during September month in 1998 and in 1999. Program of observations was composed of 4 sessions (Table 1). Layout of the points and observed vectors is presented in figure 1. Mean RMS deviations of coordinates determination are about 0.6 mm.     Table 1.Measurement programme   Sessi n  1 2  Point number o 3  4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A x x x x x x x x B x x x x x x x x C x x x x x x x x D x x x x x x x x

8

 

 

    Fig 1.GPS observation points: 1 – tectonic faults of geodynamic polygon and  Layout (composed by P. Suveizdis), 2 – Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant, 3 – GPS points, 4 – observed vectors     Chapter 3. Methods of Earth’s crust horizontal movements research.   Method of tensor analysis invariant from origin point of coordinate system and independent from reference points selection for Earth’s crust horizontal movements research was used. Evaluation of Earth’s crust horizontal deformation indexes was done by applying finite element method. For computation of generalized Earth’s crust horizontal deformations from ground points coordinate shift was created new method of deformation parameters evaluation. By applying it, is possible to create structural deformation models and evaluate reliability of models by methods of mathematical statistics. Theoretically validated algorithm was created for tensor elements evaluation of Earth’s crust horizontal movements deformation indexes by applying coefficients of affined re-computation formulas for geodetic networks coordinates. The algorithm was created for computation of tensor components of Earth’s crust horizontal movement deformations by using changes in length of triangle sides.

9

 

(1)

It is not possible to determine Earth’s crust absolute deformation indexes from the beginning of the deformation based on geodetic observation data, but it is possible to determine change of the deformation during the time between first and following re-observations. Therefore, based on the geodetic observation results and function dependence of deformations and tectonic stresses is possible to compute changes of tectonic stresses during the time between repeated observations. Method for computations of variations of tectonic stresses from geodetic observation data, when there is a plane stress stage was prepared. For determination of tectonic stress variations in horizontal plane the Hooke’s law was applied by expressing the stresses with deformations (for a plane stress stage stresses:σ xz =0 ,σ yz =0 ,σ zz =0 ):       σ σ xx yy = = 1 1 − E E ν 2 2 ⋅ ⋅ ε ε x yy x + + ν ν ⋅ ⋅ ε ε xx yy         , ,  −   ν E  σ xy = 2 ( 1ν ) ⋅ε xy    ,  ⋅ +      ⋅ 10 N    s ratio whereE Young’s (elasticity) modulus –  7 10 2 ,ν    − Poisson’ m (0.25),σ xx ,σ yy ,σ zz – normal stresses,σ xy ,σ xz ,σ yz – shear stresses,ε xx , ε yy – relative linear deformations,ε xy – relative shear deformation. The principal tectonic stresses are computed from the quadratic equation:   σ 2 −I 1 ⋅σ+I 2 =0 ,  (2)   whereσ– principal stresses,I 1 ,I 2 – are the stress tensor invariants. By solving a quadratic equation (2), two actual rootsσ 1 ,σ 2   (σ 1 ≥σ 2   )are obtained, i.e.σ 1  is the maximum principal stress,σ 2  minimum principal – stress.

10