Environmentally orientated research on solid household waste management in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Julia Kaazke

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• Publié par: technische_universitat_berlin
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 8
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 6 Mo

Extrait

Environmentally orientated research
on solid household waste management
in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra



vorgelegt von
Julia Kaazke
Diplom-Ingenieurin der Landschaftsplanung


von der
Fakultät VI Planen Bauen Umwelt
der Technischen Universität Berlin

zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
- Doktorin der Ingenieurwissenschaften -
- Dr.-Ing. -


genehmigte Dissertation








Promotionsausschuss
Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Volkmar Hartje
Berichter: Prof. Dr. Dr. Berndt-Michael Wilke
Berichterin: Prof. Dr. Susanne Rotter


Tag der wissenschaftlichen Aussprache: 12. März 2010


Berlin 2010

D 83

Preface

On the request of Prof. Elena Lapshina from the Ugra State University in Khanty-Mansiysk/
Russia, a meeting was conducted between her, Prof. Berndt-Michael Wilke, Technische
Universität Berlin, and me, the author of this thesis, in Berlin in November 2004. Prof.
Lapshina wanted to establish this contact in order to discuss ecological problems of the
Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra Region (KMAO), such as the increasing amount
of solid household waste and the lack of waste management concepts which cumulatively
result in environmental pollution.

Prof. Wilke and I first visited the Ugra State University in Khanty-Mansiysk in February 2005.
The aim of this visit was to strengthen the relationship between both universities and to
discuss possibilities of a co-operation. Based on the meetings with Prof. Lapshina and the
visit to Ugra, we decided to create a bilateral project through two dissertations. In these
dissertations, waste analyses were to be carried out to collect information on the quality and
quantity of the solid domestic waste occurring in the region. The Russian company Ugra
Service Ecology, which collects data of environmental parameters in Khanty-Mansiysk,
supported the project with a scientist, Ms Tanja Kaz’mina. Ms Kaz’mina wanted to write a
dissertation on waste management in the Ugra Region.
The title of my dissertation is “Environmentally orientated research on solid household waste
management in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra, Russia” and the main
emphasis is on testing EU tools in Siberia in regard to developing a waste management
concept. The topic of the dissertation by Ms Tanja Kaz’mina is the development and
implementation of national environmental legislation for waste management concepts in
Siberia. Waste analyses in the Ugra Region are the basis of both dissertations.

In December 2005, I visited the Ugra State University again to discuss the project in detail.
We, Ms Kaz’mina and I, decided to take two important towns of the region as model cities
and to start with the research there. Khanty-Mansiysk as the capital and Surgut as the
biggest town in the region were chosen.

From April 2006 until July 2008 waste analyses were carried out in Khanty-Mansiysk. The
waste analyses were subdivided into two series because a second company, the main
disposal company, “M DEP” in Khanty-Mansiysk, started to co-operate with us only in
Autumn 2007, and we thus had the opportunity to also analyse waste from other parts of the
city. The waste analyses in Surgut were completed in one year’s time, from Summer 2006 to
Spring 2007. Ms Kaz’mina was mainly responsible for the implementation of the waste
analyses in Surgut, while I principally did the analyses in Khanty-Mansiysk. Simultaneously,
necessary background data were collected such as environmental conditions, population
structure and its development, methods of waste collection, disposal methods, etc. In
December 2006, we were able to make contact to the local authorities and therefore, it was
possible to get more reliable data regarding the landfills, amount of waste in the past and
present as well as plans for future waste disposal.

In May 2008, during the “3rd International Environmental Forum” of Khanty-Mansiysk
Autonomous Okrug - Ugra in Nizhnevartovsk, a contact was made to the Perm State
Technical University. Ms Yuliya Anfimova and Ms Natalya Slyusar as employees of the
Environmental Protection Department from the Perm State Technical University also work on
I
the development of a waste management concept for KMAO. A co-operation among the
three universities was introduced in order to discuss the development of a waste
management concept for Ugra, to exchange information, as well as to build up synergy
effects.

Finally, I would like to mention that the implementation of the waste analyses was carried out
without any financial support. All equipment was donated by private companies. The
students of the Ugra State University and the employees of the waste disposal company in
Surgut worked on a voluntary basis.

Julia Kaazke
II
Acknowledgements
This dissertation is the result of a bilateral effort between the Ugra State University in Khanty-
Mansiysk, Russian Federation, and Technische Universität Berlin, Germany. During the
various phases of the dissertation I have been helped by a number of people both in the
Russian Federation and in Germany.

I am greatly indebted to Prof. Dr. Dr. Berndt-Michael Wilke and Prof. Dr. Vera Susanne
Rotter, for without them the study would not exist. They supported me in identifying and
implementing the topic as well as in accompanying and coaching me throughout the entire
time of the dissertation. Additionally, Prof. Dr. Dr. Berndt-Michael Wilke assisted me in
raising funds and in managing travel to the research area in the Russian Federation.

I also would like to thank the people in Khanty-Mansiysk and in Surgut, Russian Federation.
Let me especially mention Mr Yuri Reytov, Rector of the Ugra State University until 2008,
and Prof. Dr. Elena Lapshina, Head of the Department for Foreign Affairs of the Ugra State
University. They proposed the topic and supported the project in situ. I would like to express
thanks to Liliya Kasatkina and Natalya Popova for their help in translating all my interviews,
in supporting the waste analyses and their guidance and introduction to the Russian
mentality. My particular thanks go to all the students at Ugra State University who gave up
their leisure time in order to help me to implement the waste analyses as well as the
questionnaires.
Furthermore, I would like to say thank you very much to the people of the local
administrations in Khanty-Mansiysk and Surgut: Mr A.N. Kutscheravy, Mr Fedor Tomsha, Mr
Alexander Burov from the Department of Municipal Communal Service, as well as Mr S.V
Pikonow, Mrs Evgnya Kiseleva and Ms Tanja Kaz’mina from the Department of Nature
Protection. All these people took time away from their work duties for my interviews in order
to answer my numerous questions. Special thanks go to Mr J.A. Rybik, Mr S. A.
Vsevolodovich and Mr G. A. Romanovich as the directors of the landfill site in Khanty-
Mansyisk and as the directors of the company “Schistie Dom”. They always supported me
with information about waste disposal in Khanty-Mansiysk.

My special thanks to the Konrad Adenauer Foundation and the International Bureau of the
Federal Ministry of Education and Research for funding my dissertation and travels to
Khanty-Mansiysk and Surgut. Without the financial support of both institutions, an
implementation of the research would not have been possible.

I am also greatly indebted to Mr Bertram Zwisele (ARGUS GmbH, Germany) as he
introduced me to the correct implementation of waste analysis and always answered my
questions regarding implementation and evaluation of waste analyses with patience.

Let me thank Mr Peter Beigl (BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life
Sciences, Wie, Austria) and Prof. Montse Meneses (University Rovira I Virgili, Tarragona,
Spain) for the support in becoming familiar with the software programs for waste prognosis
and life cycle assessment.

I would also like to thank Mr Georg Hosoya and Mrs Karin Jakob-Deters from the Technische
Universität Berlin, Germany, as well as Mr Marcus Schrenker of the Humboldt Universität
III
Berlin, Germany. They introduced me to the evaluation of questionnaires and the field of
social sciences.

My special thanks to Ms Nadine Wersing, who proof-read my dissertation.

I also would like to mention and thank the “Kramer and Kramer” company which sponsored a
lot of equipment for the waste analyses in Khanty-Mansiysk and in Surgut.

Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my family and friends. I would
especially like to mention my parents, who also sponsored equipment and advised me with
ideas for equipment for the waste analyses, and Anika Lerche who answered my questions
regarding mathematical issues patiently all the time. My sincere thanks to my friend Gerit
Kulessa for her special help with the continuous question “Why?”, which truly lead to improve
the content of my dissertation.

Thank you very much!
IV
Table of contents
PREFACE ________________________________________