Exactness and reliability of nonparametric estimators of species richness compared by simulation and field data [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Klaus Follner. [Helmholtz, Centre for Environmental Research -UFZ]

Sujets

• Biologie

Informations

• Publié par: friedrich-schiller-universitat_jena
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2006
• Nombre de lectures: 23
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Exactness and reliability
of nonparametric estimators of species richness
compared by simulation and field data
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.)
vorgelegt dem Rat der Biologisch-Pharmazeutischen Fakultät
der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
von Dipl. Biol. Klaus Follner
Leipzig, im Oktober 2005
Gutachter:
PD Dr. Gottfried J etschke (Friedrich-Schiller-U niversität J ena)
PD Dr. Klaus Henle (U mweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle GmbH)
Prof. Dr. Hans J oachim Poethke (J ulius-M aximilians-U niversität Würzburg)Anschrift des Autors:
Klaus Follner
Helmholz- Zentrum für U mweltforschung GmbH, U FZ
Department Naturschutzforschung
Permoserstr. 15
04318 Leipzig
E-mail: Klaus.Follner@ ufz.de
Impressum:
U FZ-Dissertation 17/2006: 1-121, Leipzig. - ISSN 18 60-038 7
Herausgeber: Helmholz- Zentrum für U mweltforschung GmbH, U FZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig.
Verlag: Eigenverlag des U FZ
Bezug: Helmholz- Zentrum für U mweltforschung GmbH, U FZ, Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit
E-mail: info@ ufz.deI
Table of contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Theoretical background.....................................................................................................................1
1.2 Estimation of species richness.........................................................................................................2
1.3 C omparison of species richness estimators...................................................................................4
1.4 Integration in the RIVA project7
1.5 Structure of the thesis......................................................................................................................7
2 Study area and general methods
2.1 Study sites and sampling design.....................................................................................................9
2.2 Species groups and recording methods........................................................................................11
3 Distributions of species' recording frequencies in field data
3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................13
3.2 M ethods and data...........................................................................................................................14
3.2.1 Species groups and trapping methods.........................................................................................14
3.2.2 Study sites and study periods........................................................................................................15
3.2.3 Spatial and temporal pooling of captures.....................................................................................16
3.3 Results..............................................................................................................................................17
3.3.1 Effect of short-term sampling on species records.......................................................................18
3.3.2 Recording effort...............................................................................................................................18
3.3.3 Species group and habitat..............................................................................................................21
3.3.4 Heterogeneity of sites and periods................................................................................................23
3.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................................................25
3.4.1 M ethods of sampling species........................................................................................................26
3.4.2 Influences on recording frequency distributions..........................................................................26
3.4.3 Abundance distribution and recording probability of specimens...............................................28
4 Factors affecting species' recording frequencies in simulation
4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................30
4.2 M ethods............................................................................................................................................31
4.2.1 Simulation31
4.2.2 Heterogeneity in the simulation.....................................................................................................32
4.2.3 Number of species records and curve shape index.....................................................................34
4.3 Results..............................................................................................................................................35
4.3.1 Effort..................................................................................................................................................36II
4.3.2 Sampling design...............................................................................................................................37
4.3.3 Niche width......................................................................................................................................38
4.3.4 Sites and periods.............................................................................................................................39
4.3.5 C ombined sources of heterogeneity in samples..........................................................................42
4.3.6 Species number43
4.3.7 Number of species records and heterogeneity............................................................................43
4.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................................................44
4.4.1 Factors affecting the distributions of recording frequencies......................................................44
4.4.2 C omparison with experience from the field..................................................................................46
4.4.3 M odeling recording frequencies to study species richness estimators....................................46
5 Accuracy and reliability of species richness estimators in simulation
5.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................48
5.2 M ethods............................................................................................................................................49
5.2.1 Parameters to predict the performance of the estimators.........................................................49
5.2.2 Notation50
5.2.3 Estimators.........................................................................................................................................50
5.2.4 Simulation53
5.2.5 Evaluation of the estimators...........................................................................................................53
5.3 Results..............................................................................................................................................55
5.3.1 U seful parameters for comparison................................................................................................55
5.3.2 Performance of the estimators.......................................................................................................56
5.3.3 Detailed comparison of the most promising estimators.............................................................62
5.3.4 Ranking the estimators by their performance..............................................................................64
5.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................................................68
5.4.1 Simulation68
5.4.2 Factors affecting the accuracy of species richness estimation.................................................69
5.4.3 Performance of the estimators.......................................................................................................70
6 Estimators of standard error compared by simulation
6.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................73
6.2 M ethods............................................................................................................................................73
6.3 Results..............................................................................................................................................74
6.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................................................7III
7 Species richness estimators compared by means of field data
7.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................79
7.2 M ethods............................................................................................................................................8 0
7.3 Results..............................................................................................................................................8 1
7.3.1 Estimates relating to the numb