Fault location estimation in power systems with universal intelligent tuning [Elektronische Ressource] / von Tamer Amin Said Kawady

Tkawady

Informations

• Publié par: technischen_universitat_darmstadt
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2005
• Nombre de lectures: 24
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Fault Location Estimation in Power Systems
with Universal Intelligent Tuning
Dem Fachbereich 18
Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik
Der Technischen Universität Darmstadt
zur Erlangung der Würde eines
Doktor-Ingenieurs (Dr.-Ing.)
genehmigte Dissertation
von
Tamer Amin Said Kawady, M. Sc.
geboren am 30. September 1972
in El.Menoufia, Egypt
Referent: Prof. Dr.-Ing. J. Stenzel
Korreferent: Prof. dr. hab. inz T. Lobos
Tag der Einreichung: 07-12-2004
Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 04-02-2005
D 17
Darmstädter DissertationThis work is gratefully dedicated to :
To the Soul of my Father, my dear Mother and my lovely WifeAcknowledgements
Foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor,
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Stenzel (TU-Darmstadt, Germany), for his support, patience and
encouragement throughout my Ph.D. study.
I wish to express my deep gratitude to my co-referent, Prof. dr. hab. Inz. Tadeusz Lobos
(Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland), for his valuable advice and suggestions that
improved the whole dissertation.
Also, I wish to thank the staff of the Institute of electrical Power Systems for their support and
cooperation during my study at TU-Darmstadt. Special thanks to Mrs. Stenzel and Mrs. Yang
Jingfei for their kind help. Deep gratitude to all the people that I have met during my stay in
Darmstadt for their sincere cooperation and support.
A special thank to all members in Minoufiya University (Egypt) and the Egyptian Ministry of
Higher Education for giving me this opportunity to do my Ph.D. study in Germany.
Finally, I can not forget to express my deep thanks and sincere gratitude to my dear mother in
Egypt and my lovely wife for their patience, strong encouragement and kind support.Contents
1 Introduction .........................................................................................................1
1.1 Motivation........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Basic Problem Statement ................................................................................................. 2
1.3 Overview of the Proposed Solutions................................................................................ 2
1.4 Thesis Organization Outline ............................................................................................ 3
2 Basic Concepts of Fault Location Process....................................... 5
2.1 Historical Background ..................................................................................................... 5
2.2 Properties of Transmission Line Faults ........................................................................... 7
2.3 Fault Location Estimation Benefits.................................................................................. 8
2.3.1 Time and effort saving ........................................................................................... 8
2.3.2 Improving the system availability.......................................................................... 9
2.3.3 Assisting future maintenance plans ....................................................................... 9
2.3.4 Economic factor 9
2.4 Classification of Developed Fault Location Methods...................................................... 9
2.4.1 Traveling wave-based fault locators .................................................................... 10
2.4.2 Impedance measurement-based fault locators ..................................................... 11
2.4.3 Non-conventional fault locators........................................................................... 17
2.5 Requirements for Fault Location Process ...................................................................... 18
3 Conventional Fault Location Algorithms:
An Extended Comparative Study ..................................................... 21
3.1 Selected Fault Location Algorithms .............................................................................. 21
3.2 Testing Strategy and Modeling Aspects ........................................................................ 22II Contents
3.3 Power System Network Impact...................................................................................... 25
3.3.1 System infeed and line loading ............................................................................ 25
3.3.2 Selected line model and accuracy ........................................................................ 27
3.3.3 Mutual coupling impact ....................................................................................... 28
3.4 Fault Resistance Impact ................................................................................................. 29
3.5 Industrial Usage of Fault Location Algorithms ............................................................. 30
4 Modal Transformation-Based Fault Location Algorithm ................ 31
4.1 General Recommendations ............................................................................................ 31
4.2 Mathematical Fundamentals .......................................................................................... 32
4.2.1 Apparent impedance approach............................................................................. 32
4.2.2 Benefits of modal analysis ................................................................................... 34
4.3 Fault Location Algorithm Mathematical Basis.............................................................. 35
4.3.1 Phase to ground fault 36
4.3.2 Double phase fault .............................................................................................. 38
4.3.3 Three phase fault.................................................................................................. 40
4.3.4 Generalization of the fault location equations ..................................................... 40
4.3.5 Correction of charging currents ........................................................................... 41
4.4 Algorithm Performance Evaluation ............................................................................... 42
4.4.1 Pre-fault line loading impact................................................................................ 43
4.4.2 Remote infeed impact .......................................................................................... 44
4.4.3 Fault resistance impact......................................................................................... 45
4.4.4 Line imbalance impact 46
4.4.5 Mutual coupling impact ....................................................................................... 47
4.4.6 Cumulative total error 47
4.5 General Concluding Remarks ........................................................................................ 48
5 Assessment of AI Tools for Protection Purposes
and Fault Location............................................................................. 51
5.1 AI Techniques: Tools, History and Abilities ................................................................. 51
5.2 AI and Protection ........................................................................................................... 53
5.2.1 AI protection applications overview.................................................................... 54
5.2.2 AI tools and overhead line fault location............................................................. 55
5.2.3 AI employment: a practical viewpoint 56
5.2.4 Proposed AI tools employment outline 57
5.3 ANN Basics.................................................................................................................... 57
5.3.1 ANN basic structure............................................................................................. 57
5.3.2 ANN designing .................................................................................................... 59
IIIII
5.4 FL System Fundamentals............................................................................................... 61
5.4.1 FL system construction........................................................................................ 62
5.4.2 FL system design ................................................................................................. 64
5.4.3 Optimizing constructed FL systems with ANFIS................................................ 65
6 AI-Based Fault Location Tuning....................................................... 67
6.1 Proposed Tuning Function Definition............................................................................ 67
6.2 Intelligent Location Tuning Formalization.................................................................... 68
6.3 ILT Development........................................................................................................... 70
6.3.1 Input features selection ........................................................................................ 70
6.3.2 Data preparation................................................................................................... 71
6.3.3 ANN-based tuner design...................................................................................... 71
6.3.4 FL-based tuner design..........................................................................................