Fruit availability and dispersal processes in a highly fragmented landscape in the northeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest region [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Ute Christiane Knörr
108 pages
English

Fruit availability and dispersal processes in a highly fragmented landscape in the northeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest region [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Ute Christiane Knörr

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108 pages
English
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Institut für Systematische Botanik und Ökologie Universität Ulm Fruit availability and dispersal processes in a highly fragmented landscape in the northeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest region Dissertation Zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat. Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften der Universität Ulm vorgelegt von Ute Christiane Knörr aus Mönchengladbach 2010 Amtierender Dekan: Prof. Dr. Axel Groß Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Gottsberger Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Steven Jansen Tag der Promotion: 08.06.2010 “The most insidious kind of extinction is the extinction of ecological interactions” Daniel H. Janzen, 1974 Table of contents Acknowledgements...........................................................................................V Summary ....................................................................................................... VII Zusammenfassung............................................................................................X 1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Tropical fruits, seeds, and dispersal ....................................................... 1 1.2 The Atlantic Forest – a history of deforestation and fragmentation....... 3 1.3 Aims and hypotheses................................................

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Publié le 01 janvier 2010
Nombre de lectures 31
Langue English
Poids de l'ouvrage 1 Mo

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Institut für Systematische Botanik und Ökologie
Universität Ulm



Fruit availability and dispersal processes
in a highly fragmented landscape in the
northeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest
region



Dissertation

Zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat.
Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften der Universität Ulm




vorgelegt von
Ute Christiane Knörr
aus Mönchengladbach


2010























Amtierender Dekan: Prof. Dr. Axel Groß


Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Gottsberger
Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Steven Jansen


Tag der Promotion: 08.06.2010


















“The most insidious kind of extinction is
the extinction of ecological interactions”


Daniel H. Janzen, 1974
Table of contents
Acknowledgements...........................................................................................V
Summary ....................................................................................................... VII
Zusammenfassung............................................................................................X
1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 1
1.1 Tropical fruits, seeds, and dispersal ....................................................... 1
1.2 The Atlantic Forest – a history of deforestation and fragmentation....... 3
1.3 Aims and hypotheses.............................................................................. 5
2 Study site and general design .................................................................. 7
2.1 Study site................................................................................................7
2.2 General study design ............................................................................ 10
3 Differences in seed rain composition in large and small Atlantic
Forest fragments..................................................................................... 12
3.1 Abstract12
3.2 Introduction..........................................................................................12
3.3 Material and Methods........................................................................... 14
3.4 Results..................................................................................................19
3.5 Discussion............................................................................................27
4 Pioneer trees in the seed rain of Atlantic Forest fragments: the case
of two Cecropia species 32
4.1 Abstract................................................................................................32
4.2 Introduction..........................................................................................32
4.3 Material and Methods........................................................................... 34
4.4 Results38
4.5 Discussion............................................................................................42
5 Gut-passage and spitting of seeds by primates and germination
success: Implications for regeneration of northeastern Atlantic
Rainforest fragments.............................................................................. 44
5.1 Abstract................................................................................................44
5.2 Introduction..........................................................................................45
5.3 Material and Methods........................................................................... 46
5.4 Results..................................................................................................49
5.5 Discussion............................................................................................52
III6 Post-dispersal seed removal patterns in forest fragments and
secondary vegetation patches .................................................................55
6.1 Abstract.................................................................................................55
6.2 Introduction...........................................................................................55
6.3 Material and Methods............................................................................57
6.4 Results...................................................................................................61
6.5 Discussion.............................................................................................66
7 Literature .................................................................................................70
Appendices .......................................................................................................88
IV Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements
I am deeply grateful to so many people who, directly or indirectly, helped and
supported me during the last three years of my research in Brazil and Germany.
First of all I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Gerhard Gottsberger who gave
me the great opportunity to work in his project and enabled me to get to know a
fascinating country. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Steven Jansen, who accepted to
be the second referee for the thesis.
Special thanks go to Dr. Daniel Piechowski for his invaluable assistance in
Germany and Recife, for the discussions that always helped me to feel more
optimistic about reaching the next step, and for his help with statistical problems.
Without the help of my colleagues many things would not have been
possible. In particular I want to thank Thomas Kimmel who did not only introduce
me to the Pernambucan culture and history with all its diversity but also helped
with innumerable discussions, ideas, contributions, and his input to improve my
drafts. I am grateful to Dr. Michael Schessl for his assistance and coordination in
Recife, to Dr. Leonhard Krause a.k.a. Mc Gyver for his help with Brazilian “red
tape” and his technical support, and to Dr. Holger Teichert for the coordination in
Recife. I especially want to thank Evelin Schäfer for her support as project
administrator and her ability to make everything possible! To Prof. Dr. Marian
Kazda, who provided me with a working space at the Institute of Systematic
Botany and Ecology in Ulm.
Thanks to Stella Lorenz and Tobias Weidenlener for providing data for
chapter 6.
a aMany thanks to the counterparts Prof Dr Maria Jesus Nogueira Rodal and
aProf M.Sc. Ana Carolina Borges Lins-e-Silva, who provided a working space, for
their invitation, collaboration, and the scientific and logistic support – muito
obrigada! I want to thank Wilkilane Luiz da Silva for her help in the lab, for
struggling through tons of leaf litter, and her help with logistic problems.
Agradeço muito a Gênesis Batista Rodrigues, quem me assistiu no campo
e sem sua ajuda não teria finalizado o trabalho. Também agradeço a Marcos
Antônio das Chagas e Lenilson Barbosa Santos pela companhia e ajuda no
campo
VAcknowledgements
Dr. Frederico Augusto Cavalcanti de Petribu Vilaça kindly granted the
permit to work on the property of the Usina São José S/A and provided
accommodation and climate data.
I am grateful to Roberto Siqueira, who let me work at the “Refugio
a aCharles Darwin” for the feeding experiments and to Prof Dr Maria Adélia
Oliveira Monteiro da Cruz who provided the outdoor enclosure for the
germination experiments.
Thanks to Luciana Maranhão Pessoa who arranged the tailor for the seed
traps. To Nadine and Torsten who build seed traps during their vacation!
aI am grateful to Dr Ana Luiza du Bocage, Juliana Marques, Jorge Irapuan,
Diogo Araújo, and Anderson Alves-Araújo for species determination and help
with herbarium specimen organization.
Thanks to Roberta Laurentina Alves Pereira and all the other students the
nights at the “casa verde” never got boring.
I want to thank all my friends who made my time in Brazil unforgettable:
especially Julio, Renato and Karina! And my friends in Germany, especially
Marina, Paulo, Reisla, Holger, and Thomas made my time of thesis writing in
Ulm a little more pleasant.
Of course last but not least I am grateful to my parents, my sisters Stefanie
and Susanne and my brother Torsten who always supported me.

This study was part of the project "Sustainability of remnants of the Atlantic
rainforest in Pernambuco and its implications for conservation and local
development", a Brazilian-German scientific cooperation within the program
"Science and Technology for the Atlantic Rainforest" funded by CNPq
(590039/2006-7) and BMBF (01 LB 0203 A1), permitted and logistically
supported by Usina São José S.A./ Grupo Cavalcanti Petribú.
VI Summary
Summary
The Brazilian Atlantic Forest that stretches along 27 lines of latitude along the
Atlantic coast has a long history of habitat loss and fragmentation ba

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