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PhD Thesis from INSTITUT NATIONAL DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS
in the frame of the doctoral program in S&I co-accreditation with
EVRY-VAL D'ESSONNE UNIVERSITY
Specialty:
Computer Sciences
by
Hamid MEDJAHED
A thesis submitted to
INSTITUT NATIONAL DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS
for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
DISTRESS SITUATION IDENTIFICATION BY
MULTIMODAL DATA FUSION FOR HOME HEALTHCARE
TELEMONITORING
th
January 19 , 2010
Thesis Committee:
M. CROWLEY James, Doctorat d’Etat, Professor
INPG, Grenoble Chairman
M. DEMONGEOT Jacques, Doctorat d’état, Professor
Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble, TIMC IMAG Reader/Reporter
M. HEWSON David, Associate Professor, HDR
Université de technologie de Troyes Reader/Reporter
M. IANCU Eugen, Doctorat D’état, Professor
Craiova University, Roumanie Moderator
M. ISTRATE Dan, PhD, Associate Professor
LRIT, ESIGETEL Fontainebleau -Avon Moderator (Supervisor n°1)
M. BOUDY Jérôme, PhD, Studies Engineer
EPH, TELECOM SUDPARIS Moderator (Supervisor n°2)
M. DORIZZI Bernadette, HDR, Professor
EPH, TEP Thesis Director
M. BAER Michel, MD, Physician anesthesiologist, Director
SAMU92 – Hôpital R. Poincaré Garches Moderator
Thesis n°:2010TELE0002
tel-00541876, version 1 - 1 Dec 2010
Thèse de doctorat de l’INSTITUT NATIONAL DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS dans le cadre
de l’école doctorale S&I en
co-accréditation avec
l’UNIVERSITE D’EVRY-VAL D’ESSONNE
Spécialité:
Science de l’ingénieur
Par
Hamid MEDJAHED
Thèse présentée pour l’obtention du grade de Docteur
de l’ INSTITUT NATIONAL DES TELECOMMUNICATIONS
IDENTIFICATION DE SITUATION DE DETRESSE PAR LA FUSION DE
DONNEES MULTIMODLES POUR LA TELEVIGELANCE MEDICALE A
DOMICILE
Soutenue le 19 janvier 2010 devant le jury composé de:
M. CROWLEY James, Doctorat d’Etat, Professeur
INPG Grenoble Président
M. DEMONGEOT Jacques, Docteur d’état, Professeur
Université Joseph Fourier de Grenoble, TIMC IMAG Rapporteur
M. HEWSON David, Enseignant chercheur, HDR
Université de technologie de Troyes Rapporteur
M. IANCU Eugen, Docteur D’état, Professeur
Université de Craiova, Roumanie Examinateur
M. ISTRATE Dan, Doctorat, Maitre de Conférences
LRIT, ESIGETEL Fontainebleau -Avon Examinateur (Encadrant n°1)
M.BOUDY Jérôme, Doctorat, Ingénieur d’Etudes
EPH, TELECOM SUDPARIS Examinateur (Encadrant n°2)
M. DORIZZI Bernadette, HDR, Professeur
EPH, TEP Directeur de thèse
M. BAER Michel, MD, Médecin Anesthésiste Directeur
SAMU92 – Hôpital R. Poincaré Garches Examinateur
Thèse n° : 2010TELE0002
tel-00541876, version 1 - 1 Dec 20102
tel-00541876, version 1 - 1 Dec 2010Abstract
The population age increases in all societies throughout the world. In
Europe, for example, the life expectancy for men is about 71 years and for
women about 79 years. For North America the life expectancy, currently is
about 75 for men and 81 for women. Moreover, the elderly prefer to preserve
their independence, autonomy and way of life living at home the longest time
possible. The current healthcare infrastructures in these countries are widely
considered to be inadequate to meet the needs of an increasingly older pop-
ulation. Home healthcare monitoring is a solution to deal with this problem
and to ensure that elderly people can live safely and independently in their
own homes for as long as possible. Automatic in-home healthcare monitoring
is a technological approach which helps people age in place by continuously
telemonitoring.
In this thesis, we explore automatic in-home healthcare monitoring by con-
ducting a study of professionals who currently perform in-home healthcare
monitoring, by combining and synchronizing various telemonitoring modali-
ties,under a data synchronization and multimodal data fusion platform, FL-
EMUTEM (Fuzzy Logic Multimodal Environment for Medical Remote Mon-
itoring). This platform incorporates algorithms that process each modality
and providing a technique of multimodal data fusion which can ensures a
pervasive in-home health monitoring for elderly people based on fuzzy logic.
The originality of this thesis which is the combination of various modalities
in the home, about its inhabitant and their surroundings, will constitute an
interesting bene t and impact for the elderly person su ering from loneliness.
This work complements the stationary smart home environment in bringing
to bear its capability for integrative continuous observation and detection of
critical situations.
tel-00541876, version 1 - 1 Dec 2010Acknowledgements
I owe the most thanks to my advisors, Dan Istrate, Jerome Boudy and
Fran cois Steenkeste. I was lucky to be paired with such amiable and ruth-
lessly intelligent persons. I am very grateful to professor Bernadette Dorizzi,
the director of this thesis for his help and support. I also appreciate the sup-
port of the LRIT laboratory at ESIGETEL and EPH laboratory at Telecom
SudParis.
Many thanks to Jean-Louis Baldinger and Imad Bel ki for gaving me lots of
support and helped me to go through my piece of research. I would like to
thank Toukif Guettari for his kind help.I would also like to thank all LRIT
team and EPH team. I thank the other members of my thesis committee.
Finally, I thank my parents, especially my mother for being a solid base
for me, and many thanks to all my family and all my friends.
1
tel-00541876, version 1 - 1 Dec 2010Contents
1 Introduction 10
1.1 Thesis Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2 Telemedicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2.1 Information and Communication Technologies in Medicine 12
1.2.2 De nition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.2.1 Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.2.2 Communication Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.2.3 Legal and Ethical Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.3 Home Healthcare Telemonitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.1 Goals and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.3.3 Application Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.3.4 State of the Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.3.4.1 Generic Architecture as a Global Information
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.3.4.2 Smart Home Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.3.4.3 Management and Storage Database Systems . 22
1.3.4.4 Mobile Robotic Companions for Home Tele-
monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3.4.5 Intelligent Assistant Systems . . . . . . . . . 23
1.3.5 Challenges for Home Healthcare Telemonitoring . . . . 24
1.4 Thesis Objectives and Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.4.1 Distress Situations Detection of Person at Home . . . . 25
1.4.2 The Decision Issue of the Situation of a Person at Home 26
2 Data Collection for In-Home Monitoring 27
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.2 Context Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.3 The Proposed Platform For Database
Recording/EMUTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.3.1 EMUTEM Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2
tel-00541876, version 1 - 1 Dec 20102.3.1.1 Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.3.1.2 Software Arc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.3.2 EMUTEM Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.3.2.1 The Smart Sound Sensor (Anason) . . . . . . 34
2.3.2.2 The Wearable Device (RFpat) . . . . . . . . . 36
2.3.2.3 Gardien Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.3.3 EMUTEM Components Synchronization . . . . . . . . 39
2.4 Multimodal Database Recording Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.4.1 Recording Conditions and Inventory . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.4.2 Reference Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.4.3 Simulation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2