Implicit personality self-concept [Elektronische Ressource] : assessment and validation / vorgelegt von Konrad Schnabel

Schnabko

Sujets

• Psychologie

Informations

• Publié par: humboldt-universitat_zu_berlin
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2004
• Nombre de lectures: 68
• Langue: English

Extrait

Implicit Personality Self-Concept
Assessment and Validation

DISSERTATION

zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Dr. rer. nat.
im Fach Psychologie

eingereicht an der
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät II
der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

vorgelegt von
Dipl.-Psych. Konrad Schnabel
geboren am 30. Juli 1971 in Waiblingen

Präsident der Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Mlynek

Dekan der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät II
Prof. Dr. Elmar Kulke

Gutachter
1. Herr Prof. Dr. Jens B. Asendorpf
2. Herr Prof. Dr. Anthony G. Greenwald
3. Herr Prof. Dr. Karl-Christoph Klauer

Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 19.04.2004

















The purpose of art is not the release of a momentary ejection of adrenaline but
rather the gradual, lifelong construction of a state of wonder and serenity.

GLENN GOULD Implicit personality self-concept: Assessment and validation I
Content
1 Catch Id If You Can: The Introduction.....................................................................1
2 Theory...........................................................................................................................3
2.1 Explicit and Implicit Personality Self-Concept ......................................................... 3
2.2 Reflective and Impulsive Information Processing..................................................... 4
2.3 Direct and Indirect Measures of the Personality Self-Concept ................................. 9
2.4 Implicit Association Tests (IATs) ........................................................................... 11
2.4.1 The Procedure of IATs....................................................................................... 11
2.4.2 Accounts for the IAT effect ................................................................................ 14
2.5 Multitrait-Multimethod Validation of Indirect Measures........................................ 23
2.6 Shyness, Anxiousness, and Angriness..................................................................... 25
2.6.1 Shyness, Anxiousness, and Angriness and Lazarus’ Emotion Theory............... 25
2.6.2 Shyness, Anxiousness, and Angriness in Relation to Neuroticism,
Extraversion, and Agreeableness ...................................................................... 29
3 Two Pilot Studies for the Adaptation of a New Indirect Measure for
Shyness........................................................................................................................31
3.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................31
3.2 Pilot Study 1: The Bipolar and the Unipolar IAP Variant....................................... 32
3.2.1 Methods.............................................................................................................. 32
3.2.2 Results and Discussion ...................................................................................... 37
3.3 Pilot Study 2: The Final IAP Variant ...................................................................... 41
3.3.1 41
3.3.2 43
4 Study 1: Reliability, Validity, and Fakability of a Shyness IAP and a
Shyness IAT................................................................................................................45
4.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................45
4.1.1 Research Question 1: A New Indirect Assessment Procedure .......................... 46
4.1.2 Research Question 2: Dissociations of Indirect and Direct Measures Under
Faking 46
4.1.3 Research Question 3: Validity of Observer Judgments..................................... 47
4.1.4 Research Question 4: State Influences on the Indirect Measures ..................... 48
4.2 Design of the Present Study..................................................................................... 49
4.3 Hypotheses...............................................................................................................50
4.4 Methods...................................................................................................................50
4.4.1 Participants........................................................................................................ 50
4.4.2 Assessments and Measures................................................................................ 51
4.5 Results..................................................................................................................... 56
4.5.1 Effects of Instruction and Position on Indirect and Direct Measures............... 56
4.5.2 Effects of Instruction on Behavioral Shyness Measures.................................... 60
4.5.3 Correlational Analyses ...................................................................................... 61
4.6 Discussion................................................................................................................65
4.6.1 Summary of the Main Findings.......................................................................... 65
4.6.2 An Alternative Procedure: The IAP................................................................... 68 Implicit personality self-concept: Assessment and validation II


5 Study 2: Concurrent Assessment of the Implicit Self-Concept of
Anxiousness and Angriness.......................................................................................70
5.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................70
5.1.1 Research Question 1: Position Effects on IATs................................................. 70
5.1.2 Research Question 2: Prediction of Anxious and Angry Behavior ................... 71
5.1.3 Research Question 3: Social Desirability as a Moderator Variable................. 72
5.2 Hypotheses...............................................................................................................73
5.3 Methods...................................................................................................................73
5.3.1 Participants........................................................................................................ 73
5.3.2 Assessments and Measures................................................................................ 74
5.4 Results..................................................................................................................... 84
5.4.1 Efficacy of Emotion Inductions.......................................................................... 84
5.4.2 Validity of the Bipolar Anxiousness and Angriness Self-Ratings and the IAT
Stimuli................................................................................................................ 84
5.4.3 Descriptive Statistics for the Anxiousness, the Angriness IAT, and the
Behavioral Measures......................................................................................... 86
5.4.4 Correlations of Direct, Indirect and Behavioral Measures with Social
Desirability ........................................................................................................ 88
5.4.5 Moderation of the Relationship between Direct and Indirect Measures by
Social Desirability ............................................................................................. 88
5.4.6 Zero Correlation between Anxiousness and Angriness..................................... 90
5.4.7 Order Effects on IAT Correlations .................................................................... 94
5.4.8 Prediction of the State and the Behavioral Measures by Direct and Indirect
Measures............................................................................................................ 97
5.5 Discussion..............................................................................................................107
5.5.1 Summary of the main findings ......................................................................... 107
5.5.2 Gender Differences.......................................................................................... 108
5.5.3 Behavior Prediction Through Direct and Indirect Measures.......................... 108
5.5.4 Angriness, Agreeableness, Anger Expression, and Approach Behavior......... 111 Implicit personality self-concept: Assessment and validation III


6 Study 3: Transfer Effects in Indirect Assessment ................................................113
6.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................113
6.1.1 Research Question 1: Interventions for Blocking and Strengthening the
Transfer Effect ................................................................................................. 113
6.1.2 Research Question 2: Method-Specific Variance in the IATs ......................... 114
6.2 Hypotheses.............................................................................................................114
6.3 Methods..........................................................................