Influence of plant diversity on soil organic carbon storage and microbial transformation of organic carbon in soils [Elektronische Ressource] / von Maike Habekost

Maike Habekost

Sujets

• Biologie

Informations

• Publié par: friedrich-schiller-universitat_jena
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 8
• Langue: English

Extrait

Influence of plant diversity on soil organic carbon storage and
microbial transformation of organic carbon in soils












Dissertation
Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium
(Dr. rer. nat.)



















Vorgelegt dem Rat der Chemisch-Geowissenschaftlichen Fakultät der
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena

von Diplom Geoökologin Maike Habekost

geboren am 11.10.1979 in Hannover









































Gutachter
1. Prof. Dr. Roland Mäusbacher, Institut für Geographie, FSU Jena
2. Prof. Dr. Stefan Scheu, FB Biologie, TU Darmstadt
3. PD Dr. Gerd Gleixner, Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie, Jena
Tag der öffentlichen Verteidigung: 10.12.2008

Table of Contents

1 Introduction............................................................................................. 1
1.1 Global change and carbon cycle ......................................................................1
1.2 Outline of the thesis ..........................................................................................5
1.3 References..........................................................................................................7
2 Organic carbon and nitrogen storage in soil depth profiles of
experimental grasslands with varying plant diversity ...................... 10
2.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................11
2.2 Materials and Methods...................................................................................12
2.2.1 Site description 12
2.2.2 Soil sampling and analysis.................................................................. 13
2.2.3 Root biomass...................................................................................... 14
2.2.4 Statistics.............................................................................................. 14
2.3 Results ..............................................................................................................14
2.3.1 Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks..................................... 14
2.3.2 Effects of plant diversity on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen
stocks .................................................................................................. 17
2.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................19
2.5 Acknowledgements .........................................................................................21
2.6 References........................................................................................................22
3 Partitioning of organic carbon and nitrogen in soil density fractions
of an experimental grassland with varying plant diversity .............. 24
3.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................25
3.2 Materials and Methods...................................................................................26
3.2.1 Study site............................................................................................ 26
3.2.2 Soil sampling and analysis.................................................................. 27
3.2.3 Standing root biomass......................................................................... 28
3.2.4 Density fractionation.......................................................................... 28
I
3.2.5 Radiocarbon measurements................................................................28
3.2.6 Statistical analyses..............................................................................29
3.3 Results ..............................................................................................................29
3.3.1 Density fractions of the experimental site in 2002, 2004 and 2006....29
3.3.2 Arable land and meadow sites ............................................................32
3.3.3 Effects of plant diversity.....................................................................33
3.3.4 Radiocarbon measurements................................................................36
3.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................37
3.5 Conclusion........................................................................................................39
3.6 Acknowledgements..........................................................................................40
3.7 References41
4 Seasonal changes in the soil microbial community in a grassland
plant diversity gradient four years after establishment ....................44
4.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................45
4.2 Materials and Methods...................................................................................46
4.2.1 Site description, soil and biomass sampling .......................................46
4.2.2 PLFA analysis.....................................................................................47
4.2.3 Microbial Biomass Carbon (C ) .................................................48 mic/CFE
4.2.4 Basal respiration (BR) and substrate induced respiration (SIR).........48
4.2.5 Statistical analysis...............................................................................48
4.3 Results ..............................................................................................................49
4.3.1 Soil and plant parameters....................................................................49
4.3.2 Microbial biomass50
4.3.3 Microbial community composition.....................................................51
4.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................55
4.4.1 Land use change and soil microbial community.................................55
4.4.2 Plant species diversity and soil microbial community composition...56
4.5 Conclusion........................................................................................................58
4.6 Acknowledgements..........................................................................................58
4.7 References59
4.8 Appendix ..........................................................................................................62
II
5 Linking plant diversity and soil microbial community characteristics
in an experimental grassland approach.............................................. 64
5.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................65
5.2 Materials and Methods...................................................................................67
5.2.1 Site description and experimental design ........................................... 67
5.2.2 Soil and biomass sampling ................................................................. 68
5.2.3 Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis .......................................... 68
5.2.4 Microbial Biomass Carbon (C ) ................................................. 69 mic/CFE
5.2.5 Statistical analysis............................................................................... 69
5.3 Results ..............................................................................................................70
5.3.1 Soil and plant parameters.................................................................... 70
5.3.2 Microbial biomass.............................................................................. 71
5.3.3 Microbial community composition..................................................... 74
5.4 Discussion.........................................................................................................79
5.4.1 Impact of plant diversity on soil microbial biomass........................... 79
5.4.2 Impact of plant diversity on the soil microbial composition .............. 81
5.5 Conclusion .......................................................................................................83
5.6 Acknowledgements .........................................................................................83
5.7 References........................................................................................................84
6 Synthesis................................................................................................. 88
7 Summary................................................................................................ 91
8 Zusammenfassung................................................................................. 94

III
List of Figures

Figure 1-1: Parameters and processes effecting soil organic matter storage and the impact
of plant diversity on these parameters and