Late burial, hydrothermal dolomitization of the Cambrian Láncara Fm., Cantabrian Zone (NW Spain) [Elektronische Ressource] : origin of the dolomitizing fluids and relation to the geodynamic setting / vorgelegt von Fabio Lapponi

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Informations

• Publié par: ruprecht-karls-universitat_heidelberg
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 108
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 52 Mo

Extrait

Late burial, hydrothermal dolomitization of the Cambrian Láncara
Fm., Cantabrian Zone (NW Spain): origin of the dolomitizing fluids
and relation to the geodynamic setting




Fabio Lapponi









Inaugural-Dissertation
zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde
der Naturwissenschaftlich-Mathematischen Gesamtfakultät
der Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg

Heidelberg, September 2007 Late burial, hydrothermal dolomitization of the Cambrian Láncara
Fm., Cantabrian Zone (NW Spain): origin of the dolomitizing fluids
and relation to the geodynamic setting






Inaugural-Dissertation
zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde
der Naturwissenschaftlich-Mathematischen Gesamtfakultät
der Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg












Vorgelegt von

Fabio Lapponi

















In the front cover: saddle dolomite morphological figure (from Dana, 1955)


























Gutachter: Prof. Dr Thilo Bechstädt

Prof. Dr. Ronald Bakker



Promotionsprüfung: 21/12/2007 Acknowledgments


Arriving at the end of this long adventure as a doctoral student at the Geological Institute of the University
of Heidelberg, I would like to thank many people: without their help, advises and support I wouldn’t be at
this point now.
First of all, of course, the two professors without whom I couldn’t have started at all:
Maria Boni of the University of Naples, Italy, who gave me the possibility to come to Heidelberg to carry
out this research project and who continuously encouraged me to find the motivations;
Thilo Bechstädt of the University of Heidelberg, for the helpful comments on my work (and on my
English writing) and for the introduction to the geology and oeno-gastronomy of the Cantabrian Zone.
Second, I would like to acknowledge the DFG Graduierten-Kolleg Program 274 for the three years of
funding.
During the time spent here in Heidelberg, I had the possibility to cooperate with numerous geoscientists.
I acknowledge especially:
Ronald Bakker of the University of Leoben, Austria, for the introduction in the fascinating world of the
fluid inclusions and for his support and friendly hospitality during my numerous stays in Leoben.
Jens Schneider, now University of Leuven, Belgium, for introducing me to the isotopic lab in Giessen
and the continuous support during the measurements and after;
Dave Banks of the University of Leeds, for the crush-leach analyses and the helpful discussion on the
interpretation of my data;
Hans Machel of the University of Edmonton, Canada, and Ulli Glasmacher, for the stimulating
discussions and the help in the field;
Gabriel Gutiérrez Alonso, from University of Salamanca, Spain, always willing to share his knowledge
on the Cantabrian Zone;
Michael Joachimsky of the University of Erlangen, Germany, for measuring hundreds of stable isotopes
of my dolomites;
Many thanks to all the geoscientists and the staff of the Geological Institute of the University of
Heidelberg and, in particular, to the two technicians, Markus Thiel and Joachim Fillauer, for preparing
my thin section “as fast as possible”; to the two GRK administrators, Roswitha Marrioth and Tanja van
der Beck, for handling the bureaucratic stuff; to Francis (Francisco José) Cueto (Berciano), the
“passpartou” of the Geological Institute, incredibly helpful for any technical issue and excellent organizer
of the social events; to the geoscientists and the staff of the neighbouring Mineralogical and
Environmental Geochemistry Institutes, who were tolerant with an ignorant geologist knocking from time
to time at their doors.
I would like to thank all my colleagues of the Geological Institute (old and new) for the friendly working
environment and the numerous BBQ’s: Jochen Schneider, Zbynek Veselovsky and Birgit Dietrich
(also for the good time in the field); Fernando Ayllón, for his friendship and always stimulating
discussion about the Geology of the Cantabrian Zone; Gesine Lorentz and Christina Reinl, my room
mates in the Institute at my arrival in HD; Jana Just, Anja Schleicher, Carsten Vahle, Heiko
Hoffmann, Michael Seeling, Axel Emmerich, Jorham Contreras and Jyotirmoy Mallik; my adventure mates of the GRK 273: Amogne Gelaye, Asher Wishkerman, Iby Gyorosy, Kirsten Maciejczyk, Gael
Le Roux, Emmanuel Laveret, Margarita Koroleva, Ellen Roberts, Guy Spence and my friend Kevin
Carriére.
A special thank goes to my friend and “precursor” Marta Gasparrini, who transmitted her knowledge on
my field area.
Thanks a lot to the two charming members of the “Mineralogical Delegation”, Iris Sonntag and Sonja
Pabst, for gladdening the lunch breaks with their beautiful smiles;
Many thanks to the beautiful and friendly people of Villamanín, León, and, in particular, Antonio Majo
with his family, the unofficial geological guide of the area, and the sweet Maria Atuñez with her family, for
their warm hospitality.
A special place in this long list is occupied by the two doctor geopoets, Thomas (Tommi) Angerer and
Carsten (Bonsai) Laukamp, sharing with me the Social Club “Room n.108” at the Geological Institute, for
almost 5 years. I should write a whole chapter to describe how helpful and precious you were for me;
simply I can not imagine Heidelberg without you... thank you for your friendship.
Last but not least, I would like to thank my special and unique family and, in particular, my grandmother
Clelia, who would have loved to be here for this moment; you continue to support and encourage me.
Thanks Paola.....

Heidelberg, 25/09/2007

Fabio Lapponi


Everybody wants to arrive on the peak of the mountain, but the real happiness consists on
how the mountain was climbed


Table of contents


Table of contents

Abstract………………………………...………………….......…………..………... 1

Zusammenfassung……………………………………………...…..….......…… 3

5Chapter 1 - introduction……………………………...……………....….……..
1.1. Aim and approach of the study…………………………………..………. 5
6 1.2. The dolomite problem……………………………………………..………..
1.3. Dolomite terminology……………………………………………….……... 7
1.4. The dolomite chemistry…………………………………….……………... 7
7 1.4.1. Dolomite crystallography………………....………………..…….…….
1.4.2. Dolomitization reactions…………………………....……...…..……… 8
1.4.3. Origin of magnesium………………………………….…..……..…….. 9
1.4.4. A kinetic problem…………………………………...…..…..…....…….. 9
1.5. Dolomite models……………………………………………..……..………. 12
1.5.1. Near-surface models……………………………………….....……..… 12
1.5.2. Sub-surface models………………………..…………………...……... 13
15 1.6. Secular distribution of dolostones…………..…..…………..…………..

Chapter 2 - Geological setting……………….......………………..………… 17
2.1. Introduction……………………………………….......……...….…..……… 17
2.2. Geodynamic evolution of Iberia………..……………..………..………… 18
18 2.2.1. Early Paleozoic………………………..…...………………..……..…...
2.2.2. Late Paleozoic - The Variscan Orogeny……..………………...……. 19

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ITableof content


19 2.2.3. The Iberian Massif………………………………....…......………
20 2.3. The Cantabrian Zone………………………..………....……....……..
20 2.3.1.Tectono-stratigraphic evolution……………………….....….……
24 2.3.2. Structure…………………………………....….…………....…..…
25 2.3.3. Metamorphism……………………….………….……..…....…….
2.3.4. Igneous activity………………….………………………...……… 25
26 2.3.5 Metallogenesis…………………….………………….…...……….
27 2.3.6. Dolomitization………………….……………….………...…...…..

29Chapter 3 - Methods…………………………...…………………...…......……..
29 3.1. Field methods………………………………..…………………..……….….
29 3.2. Petrographic methods………………………..………………..…….……..
31 3.3. X-ray diffraction analyses …………………..……………………..……….
32 3.4. Trace element geochemistry…………………..………………..…….…..
34 3.5. Microprobe analyses…………………………..…………………..…..……
34 3.6. Stable isotope geochemistry………………..……………………....…….
37 3.7. Strontium isotope geochemistry……………..………………....………..
37 3.8. Fluid inclusion study………………………..…………….………..…….
38 3.8.1. Microthermometry……………………..………...………..………
39 3.8.2. Raman spectroscopy………………..……….……………..…….
41 3.8.3. Crush-leach analyses………………..…………………..……….
42 3.8.4. P-t trapping condition modelling……..…………………....……..
43 3.8.5. Thermodynamic calculations and computer modelling.…..…..

45Chapter 4 - Dolomite distribution and petrography….....……....……
45 4.1. The study area……………………………………………...…...……….…..

____________________________________________________________________________
II Table of contents


46 4.2. Stratigraphy of the Láncara Fm.………………………………....………..
52 4.3. Epigenetic Dolomitization……………………………………….…….……
52 4.3.1. Field observations...............