Microstructural changes in soils [Elektronische Ressource] : rheological investigations in soil mechanics / vorgelegt von Wibke Markgraf

Suape153

Informations

• Publié par: christian-albrechts-universitat_zu_kiel
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2006
• Nombre de lectures: 35
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

InstitutfürPflanzenernährungundBodenkunde
derChristianAlbrechtsUniversitätzuKiel


MicrostructuralChangesinSoils

RheologicalInvestigations

InSoilMechanics




KumulativeDissertationzurErlangungdesDoktorgrades
derAgrarundErnährungswissenschaftlichenFakultät
derChristianAlbrechtsUniversitätzuKiel

vorgelegtvon

Dipl. Geogr. Wibke Markgraf

geboreninLangenhagen/Hannover



Kiel,2006






Dekan:Prof.Dr.J.Krieter
1.Berichterstatter:Prof.Dr.R.Horn
2.Berichterstatter:Prof.Dr.W.Rabbel
TagdermündlichenPrüfung:02.11.2006

Contents





























Gedruckt mit Genehmigung der Agrar und Ernährungswissenschaftlichen
FakultätderChristianAlbrechtsUniversitätzuKiel

Vertrieb:
InstitutfürPflanzenernährungundBodenkunde
ChristianAlbrechtsUniversitätzuKiel
Olshausenstr.40
D24107Kiel
(email:[e-mail])

ISSN0933680X
Preis:10,Euro(incl.Versandkosten)

2


"What we know is a drop.
What we don't know is an ocean."

IsaacNewton(16431727)



Contents
PARTI ..................................................................................... 11
1.IntroductionandFundamentals ............................................................ 13
1.1Introduction.................................................................................. 13
1.2Fundamentalsofsoilmicromechanics................................................ 16
1.2.1Particleassociations.................................................................. 16
1.2.2Particleforces .......................................................................... 19
1.2.3Interparticleforces ................................................................... 20
1.2.4Effectiveandintergranularstress................................................ 21
1.3Deformationcharacteristics ............................................................. 24
1.4SoilmechanicsatthemicroscaleandRheometry ................................ 26
1.5Objectives .................................................................................... 28
PARTII .................................................................................. 31
2.AnApproachtoRheometryinSoilMechanics:StructuralChangesinBentonite,
ClayeyandSiltySoils ............................................................................. 33
Abstract............................................................................................. 33
2.1Introduction.................................................................................. 34
2.1.1Researchobjectives .................................................................. 34
2.2Theoreticalremarksonrheometry .................................................... 38
2.2.1Definitionofterms.................................................................... 38
2.2.1.1Newton’slawofidealfluids ................................................ 39
2.2.1.2Hooke’slaw:ElasticflowbehaviourandshearmodulusG .......... 40
2.2.1.3Binghammodel:viscoplasticbehaviour................................... 41
2.2.2Viscoelasticity .......................................................................... 42

3Contents



2.2.2.1Oscillatoryshear:Maxwell’sandKelvin/Voigtmodel ................. 43
2.2.2.2Amplitudesweeptest........................................................... 44
2.2.3Measuringdevice...................................................................... 45
2.3Material........................................................................................ 46
2.3.1Substrates............................................................................... 46
2.3.1.1IbecoSeal80..................................................................... 46
2.3.1.2AvdatLoess ....................................................................... 47
2.3.1.3VertisolandClayeyOxisol .................................................... 47
2.3.2Preparationofsamples.............................................................. 48
2.3.2.1PreparationofIbecoSeal80................................................. 48
2.3.2.2PreparationofAvdatLoess,VertisolandOxisol ........................ 49
2.4Results......................................................................................... 49
2.4.1Salteffects.............................................................................. 49
2.4.2Shearbehaviour....................................................................... 51
2.4.3Claymineralogicaleffects .......................................................... 51
2.5Discussion .................................................................................... 52
2.6Conclusions................................................................................... 54
2.7Acknowledgment ........................................................................... 55
2.8References.................................................................................... 55
+3.RheologicalStrengthAnalysisofK treatedandofCaCO richsoils............ 59 3
Abstract............................................................................................. 59
3.1Researchobjectives........................................................................ 60
3.2Someremarksabouttherheologicalmethod...................................... 63
3.2.1Hooke’slaw:ElasticflowbehaviourandshearmodulusG ............... 63
3.2.2Newton’slawofidealfluids ........................................................ 64
3.2.3Viscoelasticity .......................................................................... 65
3.2.4Amplitudesweeptest................................................................ 65
3.2.4.1TestConfiguration............................................................... 67
3.3Material........................................................................................ 67
3.3.1Substrates............................................................................... 68
3.3.2Preparationofsamples.............................................................. 69
3.4Results......................................................................................... 70
+3.4.1Effectsofwatercontent,K andNaCl .......................................... 70
3.4.2Texturaleffects ........................................................................ 73
4Contents




3.5Discussion .................................................................................... 74
3.6Conclusions................................................................................... 75
3.7Acknowledgments.......................................................................... 76
3.8References.................................................................................... 76
4.RheometryinSoilMechanics:MicrostructuralChangesinaCalcaricGleysol
andaDystricPlanosol............................................................................. 79
Abstract............................................................................................. 79
4.1Researchobjectives........................................................................ 80
4.2Rheometryinsoilmechanics:someremarks ...................................... 81
4.3MaterialandMethods ..................................................................... 82
4.3.1Preparationofsamples.............................................................. 83
4.3.2Amplitudesweeptest............................................................... 83
4.3.3Testconfiguration..................................................................... 85
4.4Results......................................................................................... 85
4.5Discussion .................................................................................... 88
4.6Conclusions................................................................................... 89
4.7Acknowledgments.......................................................................... 89
4.8References.................................................................................... 90
5.InteractionBetweenSEM/EDSAnalysesandRheologicalInvestigationsof
SouthBrazilianSoils............................................................................... 93
Abstract............................................................................................. 93
5.1Introduction.................................................................................. 95
5.2MaterialandMethods ..................................................................... 98
5.2.1GeographyandGeology ............................................................ 98
5.2.2Substrates............................................................................... 98
5.2.2.1Analyses............................................................................ 99
5.2.2.2Amplitudesweeptests(AST) .............................................. 100
5.2.2.3Scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM) .................................... 101 <