Numerical and experimental investigations on the stress distribution of bolted glass connections under in-plane loads [Elektronische Ressource] / Iris Maniatis

Iris Maniatis

Informations

• Publié par: technische_universitat_munchen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2006
• Nombre de lectures: 11
• Langue: Deutsch
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

Technische Universität München
Fakultät für Bauingenieur- und Vermessungswesen
Institut für Baustoffe und Konstruktion
Lehrstuhl für Stahlbau





Numerical and Experimental Investigations
on the Stress Distribution of Bolted Glass
Connections under In-Plane Loads




Iris Maniatis




Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät für Bauingenieur- und Vermessungswesen
der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines
Doktor-Ingenieurs (Dr.-Ing.)
genehmigten Dissertation.



Vorsitzender: Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Faulstich

Prüfer der Dissertation:
1. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. G. Albrecht
2. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. G. Sedlacek, em.
Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen
3. Prof. G.A.R. Parke PhD,
University of Surrey, Großbritannien



Die Dissertation wurde am 22.12.2005 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht
und durch die Fakultät für Bauingenieur- und Vermessungswesen am 22.02.2006
angenommen.
I
Abstract
To calculate the loadbearing of bolted connections in glass panels under the application of in-
plane loads exact knowledge of the contact mechanisms and the parameters which influence
the stress distribution around the hole is necessary. At first analytical and numerical solutions
of contact between a bolt and a conforming hole in a panel are formulated to determine the
stress distribution. An approach for verifying the numerical model with the analytical
solutions is developed. To determine relevant results for design the verified FEM-model is
used to examine the influences of different parameters on the stress distribution around the
hole. In addition experimental investigations are carried out in order to check the results of the
FEM-calculations and the analytical solutions.


Kurzfassung
Um Lastabtragungen in Scheibenebene über Punkthalter oder Bolzen aus Stahl in
Glasbohrungen rechnerisch abbilden zu können, sind genaue Kenntnisse über die
Kontaktmechanismen notwendig. Darüber hinaus sind die Parameter zu untersuchen, die
Einfluss auf die Spannungsverteilung am Bohrloch haben. Daher werden zunächst analytische
und numerische Methoden aufgezeigt, um den Kontakt zwischen Glas und Halterung
abzubilden und die Spannungsverteilung zu ermitteln. Mit Hilfe der analytischen Lösungen
wird eine Vorgehensweise zur Verifikation des Finite-Elemente-Modells entwickelt. Des
Weiteren werden mit dem verifizierten FE-Modell die Einflüsse unterschiedlicher Parameter
auf die Spannungsverteilung am Bohrloch untersucht, um letztendlich bemessungsrelevante
Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen. Zusätzlich werden experimentelle Untersuchungen durchgeführt,
um die numerischen und analytischen Ergebnisse zu überprüfen.

II
Acknowledgements
This thesis was developed in the years 2001 to 2005 during my work time as a deputy
supervisor of the Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering and as a research
engineer at the Chair of Steel Structures of Technische Universität München.
I am deeply grateful to my teacher and supervisor Mr. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gert Albrecht for
the opportunity to do the doctorate. His complaisant promotion and support of my research
projects were the basis of this thesis. Furthermore I would like to thank him for his
experienced advice and guidance during this time.
I would like to thank Mr. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Sedlacek und Mr. Prof. Dr. Gerard
Parke for their interest in this thesis and being one of my examiners. I also would like to thank
Mr. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Faulstich for taking the chair of the examination board.
I would like to express my special gratitude to Mr. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Geralt Siebert for his
skilful advice and many useful professional discussions.
My thanks are also due to Mr. Dipl.-Ing. Norbert Balmer, who assisted me during my work
time at DIBt in Berlin and encouraged me to do a doctorate.
I would like to thank my colleagues at the chair of steel structures, especially Mr. Dipl.-Ing.
Jörg Lutzens, for their contributions, support and the nice working atmosphere. Furthermore
the technical staff within the Materialprüfungsamt of TU München for their skilful help with
the experimental investigations.
Finally I would like to thank my family for their enduring patience and support throughout
these years.

Munich, March 2006 Iris Maniatis
III
Contents


1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 Cause.......................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Aims and Structure of the Thesis............................................................................... 8
2 Glass Properties ............................................................................................................ 11
2.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................11
2.2 Composition and Physical Properties of Glass........................................................ 11
2.3 Pre-Stressing of Glass.............................................................................................. 13
2.3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................13
2.3.2 Thermally Pre-Stressed Glass..........................................................................14
2.3.3 Distribution of Pre-Stress in Glass Panels........................................................ 14
2.4 Glass Strength..........................................................................................................16
2.4.1 Basics...............................................................................................................
2.4.2 Glass Strength at the Edge and in the Hole Area ............................................. 17
2.4.3 Crack Formation and Propagation.................................................................... 19
2.5 Design of Glass Structures....................................................................................... 20
2.5.1 Current Situation..............................................................................................20
2.5.2 Future ................................................................................................21
3 Point-Supported Glass Elements................................................................................. 23
3.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................23
3.1.1 Loadbearing Types...........................................................................................23
3.1.2 Force Transmission..........................................................................................24
3.1.3 Types of Point-Supports and Bearings............................................................. 25
3.1.4 Materials of the Point-Supports........................................................................ 29
3.2 Material Properties of the Bushings 30
3.2.1 Grouting Materials30
3.2.2 Thermoplastic Synthetics32
3.2.3 Aluminium.......................................................................................................36
3.3 Previous Design Concepts ....................................................................................... 37
4 Stress Distribution in an Isotropic Panel.................................................................... 39
4.1 Basics....................................................................................................................... 39
4.2 Fundamental Equations for the Panel...................................................................... 39
4.3 Panel with a Circular Hole 42
4.3.1 Uniaxial Compression or Tension 42
4.3.2 Biaxial Stress State........................................................................................... 46
4.3.3 Semi-Finite Panel with a Circular Hole ........................................................... 46
5 Analytical Definition of the Contact Problem............................................................ 51
5.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................51
5.2 Hertz Theory............................................................................................................51
5.2.1 Basic Equations................................................................................................
5.2.2 Two-Dimensional Contact of Cylindrical Bodies............................................ 55
5.3 "Non-Hertzian" Normal Contact of Elastic Bodies ................................................. 58
5.3.1 Introduction......................................................................................................58
5.3.2 Contact between Bolt and Conforming Hole in an