Physical mobile interactions [Elektronische Ressource] : mobile devices as pervasive mediators for interactions with the real world / von Enrico Rukzio

Enrico Rukzio

Informations

• Publié par: ludwig-maximilians-universitat_munchen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 18
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Physical Mobile Interactions:
Mobile Devices as Pervasive
Mediators for Interactions
with the Real World






Dissertation
an der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Statistik
der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

von
Enrico Rukzio


Tag der Einreichung: 19.12.2006


















Berichterstatter:

Prof. Dr. Albrecht Schmidt
(Fraunhofer IAIS und
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn)
Prof. Dr. Hans Gellersen
(Lancaster University, Großbritannien)
Prof. Dr. Heinrich Hußmann
(Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)

Tag des Rigorosums: 31.01.2007


Abstract
So far, mobile devices have mainly been used for interactions between the user, the device
and the used service without considering the context of use. However, during the last years
we have seen a huge interest in industry and academia in using mobile devices for
interactions with things, places and people in the real world, termed physical mobile
interactions in this thesis. Until now there has been no comprehensive analysis of these
interaction techniques and no user studies have been conducted to analyze when which
interaction technique is preferred by which users. Furthermore there is no comprehensive
framework available which can be reused by application developers to integrate such
interactions into their applications, and no specific methods and best practices have been
reported that can be of use when developing physical mobile interactions and applications.
This dissertation presents the first comprehensive analysis and classification of physical
mobile interactions. Furthermore a mature framework was developed that provides various
implementations of four different interaction techniques. These four physical mobile
interaction techniques were then used in five different prototypes and analysed in five
different user studies. The results concern the advantages and disadvantages of these
interaction techniques as seen by potential users. This work also reports experiences,
guidelines, methods and best practices that simplify the process of developing physical
mobile interactions and applications. Furthermore this dissertation provides an analysis of
privacy aspects in mobile interactions with public displays, presents the novel interaction
technique rotating compass and the first concept of using the mobile device for direct
touch-based interaction with dynamic displays.
Zusammenfassung
Mobile Endgeräte sind inzwischen zu einem alltäglichen Begleiter geworden und werden
zunehmend für Interaktionen mit Dingen, Orten und Personen in der realen Welt
eingesetzt, welche im Rahmen dieser Arbeit als physikalische mobile Interaktionen
bezeichnet werden. Bisher gab es aber noch keine umfassende Analyse dieser
Interaktionstechniken und keine Nutzerstudien, die erforscht haben wann welche
Interaktionstechniken von wem bevorzugt werden. Weiterhin gibt es kein umfassendes
Framework für die Integration dieser Interaktionstechniken in neue Anwendungen und
keine Empfehlungen, die bei der Entwicklung solcher Interaktionstechniken und der darauf
beruhenden Anwendungen verwendet werden können. Die vorliegende Arbeit enthält die
erste umfangreiche Analyse und Klassifikation von physikalischen mobilen Interaktionen.
Weiterhin wurde ein wieder verwendbares und ausgereiftes Framework entwickelt,
welches verschiedene Implementierungen von vier dieser Interaktionstechniken zur
Verfügung stellt. Diese vier physikalischen mobilen Interaktionen wurden in fünf
verschiedenen Prototypen mit jeweils einer Nutzerstudie analysiert und verglichen. Das
Ergebnis sind Erkenntnisse bezüglich der Wahrnehmung der Vor- und Nachteile dieser
Interaktionstechniken seitens potentieller Nutzer. Diese Arbeit berichtet weiterhin von
verschiedenen Erfahrungen, Richtlinien, Methoden und Erkenntnissen, die bei der
Entwicklung von physikalischen mobilen Interaktionen und Anwendungen einbezogen
werden können und somit diesen Prozeß erheblich erleichtern. Weiterhin wurden mobile
Interaktionen mit öffentlichen Displays näher betrachtet, die Art der Informationen
analysiert, die hierbei dargestellt werden können, und zwei neue Interaktionstechniken -
der rotierende Kompaß und die direkte Interaktion mit dynamischen Displays - entwickelt.
Acknowledgements
First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor Albrecht Schmidt who had the
greatest impact and influence of all on this thesis. I am extremely thankful for all the
discussions, collaborations, hints, advice, tips, encouragement and inspiration.
Furthermore, he gave me the unique opportunity to work within the Embedded Interaction
research group and introduced me personally to many researchers that influenced my point
of view, my work and my research in many different ways. I am especially thankful for all
the independence and freedom I had, but also that he was ready and eager to help
whenever necessary or asked.
My special thanks go to Heinrich Hußmann who also supervised my work in Munich and
who gave me the opportunity to do research in many challenging and interesting projects,
to work on my PhD and to teach in the Media Informatics Group. I am very thankful for all
the guidance and important hints regarding my work in projects, research and teaching.
I am particularly grateful to all the fantastic students who did their practical courses,
project and diploma theses within the scope of this work, but there are too many of them to
enumerate all of them. The students who had the largest influence on this thesis were
Jessica Aust, Gregor Broll, Oliver Falke, Karin Leichtenstern, Alexander De Luca,
Friederike Otto, Dominik Schmidt, Sven Siorpaes, Sergej Wetzstein, Johannes Vetter and
Eva Vodvarsky.
I would like to thank my colleagues of the Media Informatics group Richard Atterer,
Sebastian Boring, Gregor Broll, Andreas Butz, Heiko Drewes, Rainer Fink, Otmar
Hilliges, Paul Holleis, Matthias Kranz, Andreas Pleuß, Alexander De Luca, Lucia
Terrenghi, Sybille Thomsen, Arnd Vitzthum, Martin Wagner and Siegfried Wagner for
having a very inspiring and constructive working atmosphere and for being knowledgeable
and constructive co-workers. I would like to especially thank Paul Holleis for his help
when fighting with the English language, his cooperation in many student projects and his
support when finalizing overdue tasks. I am also very thankful for the support Gregor Broll
provided me in the last months which gave me more time to focus on writing this thesis.
A lot of the research described in this thesis was carried out in the context of the Simplicity
project [@Simplicity] funded by the European Union, the Pervasive Service Interaction
(Perci) project [@Perci] funded by NTT DoCoMo Euro-Labs and in cooperation with
industrial research laboratories and companies. I have been lucky to meet many interesting
people through these projects who had a high impact on my way of thinking and approach
to research. I would like to thank Massimo Paolucci, Chie Noda and John Hamard from
NTT DoCoMo Euro-Labs, Ulrich Dietz from Vodafone Group R&D, Robert Seidl from
Siemens and all my friends and colleagues in the industry and academia I know from these
projects, who have supported me and my work.
The passionate and fruitful discussions with the Pervasive Mobile Interaction Devices
(PERMID) [@Permid] community, especially Rafael Ballagas (RWTH Aachen,
Germany), Jonna Hakkila (Nokia, Finland), Derek Reilly (Dalhousie University, Canada),
Christof Roduner (ETH Zurich, Switzerland), Michael Rohs (Deutsche Telekom
Laboratories, Germany) and Pasi Välkkynen (VTT, Finland), were very important for
many aspects and viewpoints mentioned within this thesis.

Vic Callaghan (University of Essex, UK) and Keith Cheverst (Lancaster University, UK)
deserve my special gratitude for very rewarding cooperations and novel insights in doing
research. Their input was vital to many aspects of my research.
I would also like to express my gratitude to Raimund Dachselt who taught me how to work
in a structured way, what serious research means and how to write scientific publications
even before I started with my work on mobile interactions.
Special thanks go to Paul Holleis, Gregor Broll, Derek Reilly and Andreas Pleuß who
volunteered to proof-read parts of the thesis.
I would like to thank my parents and grandparents for their motivation, support, confidence
and love throughout my whole live and especially during the years of my education.
Last but not least, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my wife Yvonne. This
thesis would have never happened without the love and understanding you have been
giving to me for all these years.
Thanks to the numerous people who contributed to my life and work during the past years
but whose names have not found their way into the acknowledgements.

Enrico Rukzio, December 2006, Munich.