Plant-microbe interactions alter the allocation of carbon in barley (Hordeum vulgare) [Elektronische Ressource] / von Gunnar Henkes

Icg-Iii

Sujets

• Biologie

Informations

• Publié par: technischen_universitat_darmstadt
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 11
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

Plant-microbe interactions alter the allocation of
carbon in barley (Hordeum vulgare)



vom Fachbereich Biologie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt
genehmigte Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
eines Doctor rerum naturalis
von

Dipl. Biol. Gunnar Henkes
aus Hannover


Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Scheu
Koreferent: Prof. Dr. Bonkowski
Tag der Einreichung: 14. Mai 2008

Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 20 Juni 2008



Darmstadt 2008
D17



















Man kann, wenn man will, was man muss (deutscher Volksmund)
Publications resulting from this dissertation


Chapter 2.
Henkes GH, Thorpe MR, Minchin PEH, Schurr U, Bonkowski M, Röse USR. (2008).
Establishing of a system to measure root respiration and exudation of soluble
compounds using the radio isotope 11C in sterile split root conditions (in
preparation).

Chapter 3.
Henkes GH, Thorpe MR, Minchin PEH, Schurr U, Röse USR. (2008). Jasmonic acid
treatment to part of the root system is consistent with simulated leaf herbivory,
diverting recently-assimilated carbon towards untreated roots within an hour. Plant
Cell and Environment (accepted).

Chapter 4.
Henkes GH, Jousset A, Bonkowski M, Thorpe MR, Schurr U, Röse USR. (2008).
Modification of carbon delivery to roots by Fusarium graminearum and its systemic
repression by Pseudomonas fluorescens in barley (in preparation).
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
Table of contents
PUBLICATIONS RESULTING FROM THIS DISSERTATION........................................3
TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................................4
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG7
SUMMARY....................................................................................................................10
1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................12
1.1 Fusarium ..........................................................................................................12
1.2 Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria ...............................................................15
1.3 Induced resistance in plants .............................................................................19
1.4 Carbon partitioning in plants23
1.4.1 In vivo measurement of carbon allocation with 11C...................................25
1.5 Objectives.........................................................................................................28
2. ESTABLISHING A SYSTEM TO MEASURE ROOT RESPIRATION AND EXUDATION OF SOLUBLE
11
COMPOUNDS USING THE RADIO ISOTOPE C IN STERILE SPLIT ROOT CONDITIONS...............30
2.1 Abstract ............................................................................................................30
2.2 Introduction.......................................................................................................31
2.3 Material and Methods.......................................................................................34
2.3.1 Split-Root Rhyzotrons ................................................................................34
2.3.2 Plants.........................................................................................................34
2.3.3 Pseudomonas fluorescens.........................................................................35
2.3.4 Testing for Cross Contaminations between Split-Root Compartments ......36
112.3.5 C labelling ...............................................................................................36
112.3.6 Measurement of Respired CO ...............................................................37 2
112.3.7 Measurement of Water Soluble C Exudates ...........................................37
2.3.8 Data Analyses............................................................................................38
2.4 Results .............................................................................................................39
2.4.1 Seed sterilisation........................................................................................39
2.4.2 Migration of Pseudomonas fluorescens .....................................................39
2.4.3. Carbon partitioning towards the Root System...........................................40
2.4.4 Root 11C Respiration.................................................................................41 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5
113.4.5 Measurement of Soluble C Compounds..................................................41
2.5 Discussion ........................................................................................................49
2.5.1 Split-Root Rhizotron...................................................................................49
112.5.2 C Measurements and Analyses...............................................................49
2.5.3 Respiration.................................................................................................50
2.5.4....................................................................................................................50
Exudates.............................................................................................................50
3. JASMONIC ACID TREATMENT TO PART OF THE ROOT SYSTEM IS CONSISTENT WITH
SIMULATED LEAF HERBIVORY, DIVERTING RECENTLY-ASSIMILATED CARBON TOWARDS
UNTREATED ROOTS WITHIN AN HOUR ..............................................................................53
3.1 Abstract ............................................................................................................53
3.2 Introduction.......................................................................................................53
3.3.1 Plant Material.............................................................................................56
3.3.2 Split-Root Rhizotrons .................................................................................57
113.3.3 C Labelling ..............................................................................................57
113.3.4 C detection and analysis .........................................................................58
3.3.5 Jasmonic acid treatment ............................................................................59
3.3.6 Root cooling...............................................................................................59
3.3.7 Root elongation..........................................................................................60
3.3.8 Statistical analysis......................................................................................60
3.4 RESULTS.........................................................................................................61
3.4.1 Effect of JA on root growth.........................................................................61
3.4.2 Effect of JA root treatment on C-partitioning ..............................................62
3.4.3 Effect of JA shoot treatment on C-partitioning............................................65
3.4.4 Effect of root cooling on C-partitioning .......................................................65
3.5 DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................68
4. MODIFICATION OF CARBON DELIVERY TO ROOTS BY FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM AND ITS
SYSTEMIC REPRESSION BY PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS IN BARLEY ...............................73
4.1 Summary ..........................................................................................................73
4.2 Introduction.......................................................................................................74
4.3 Material and Methods.......................................................................................76
4.3.1 Plant Material.............................................................................................76 TABLE OF CONTENTS 6
4.3.2 Fusarium inoculum.....................................................................................77
4.3.3 Pseudomonas strains ................................................................................77
4.3.4 Split-Root Rhyzotrons78
114.3.5 C Labelling...............................................................................................78
114.3.6 C detection and analysis..........................................................................79
4.3.7 Treatments.................................................................................................79
4.3.8 Fusarium graminearum infection................................................................80
4.3.9 Pseudomonas fluorescens strains CHA0 and CHA19 ...............................80
4.3.10 Interaction between Fusarium graminearum and Pseudomonas
fluorescens .........................................................................................................80
4.3.11 Statistical analyses ..................................................................................81
4.4 Results .............................................................................................................81 <