Rodlike gold-nanoparticles [Elektronische Ressource] : synthesis, characterization and biofunctionalization / Heidrun Andrea Keul

Stab

Informations

• Publié par: rheinisch-westfalischen_technischen_hochschule_-rwth-_aachen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 20
• Langue: Deutsch
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 21 Mo

Extrait

Rodlike Gold-Nanoparticles:
Synthesis, Characterization and
Biofunctionalization


Von der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften der RWTH
Aachen University zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Doktorin der
Naturwissenschaften genehmigte Dissertation




vorgelegt von


Diplom-Chemikerin

Heidrun Andrea Keul


aus Karlsruhe, Deutschland



Berichter: Universitätsprofessor Dr. Martin Möller
Universitätsprofessor Dr. Alexander Böker





Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 30. November 2010



Diese Dissertation ist auf den Internetseiten der Hochschulbibliothek online
verfügbar.
















Für meine Familie
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Zusammenfassung / Summary ......................................................... i
Chapter 1: Introduction.................................................................. 1
Chapter 2: Literature Overview ..................................................... 4
2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 4
2.2 Equilibrium and non-equilibrium particle shapes ................................... 4
2.3 Synthetic methods and growth mechanism .......................................... 8
2.4 Applications ........................................................................... 18
2.4.1 Optical properties ....................................................................... 19
2.4.2 Biocompatibilization of gold nanorods ....................................... 21
2.4.3 Functional gold nanorods ........................................................... 23
2.4.4 Medical applications in nano-enabled hyperthermia .................. 25
2.5 References ............................................................................................ 29
Chapter 3: Sequential Growth Process ........................................ 37
3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 37
3.2 Results and Discussion ............40
3.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 56
3.4 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 57
3.5 References .............................................................................59
Chapter 4: Impact of Secondary Metals on Particle Morphology
during Seeded Growth ................................................ 63
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 63
4.2 Results and Discussion ............68
4.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 81
4.4 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 82
4.5 References .............................................................................83
Chapter 5: Influence of Surfactant Structure ................................ 86
5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 86
5.2 Results and Discussion ............88
5.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 98
5.4 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 99
5.5 References .............................................................................100
Table of Contents
Chapter 6: Isotope effect .............................................................. 102
6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 102
6.2 Results and Discussion ............103
6.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 111
6.4 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 112
6.5 References .............................................................................114
Chapter 7: Ionic Liquids as Shape-Regulating Solvents for the
Synthesis of Gold Nanorods ....................................... 117
7.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 117
7.2 Results and Discussion ............118
7.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 126
7.4 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 127
7.5 References .............................................................................128
Chapter 8: Alternatives to linear PEO Coating for the
Biocompatibilization of Gold Nanorods ....................... 131
8.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 131
8.2 Results and Discussion ............133
8.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 145
8.4 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 146
8.5 References .............................................................................148
Chapter 9: Biofunctionalization of Gold Nanorods ........................ 150
9.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 150
9.2 Results and Discussion ............153
9.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................... 167
9.4 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 168
9.5 References .............................................................................172
Chapter 10: Interaction with Primary Immune Cells ....................... 175
10.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 175
10.2 Results and Discussion ..........177
10.3 Conclusions ......................................................................................... 193
10.4 Materials and Methods ..........................................194
10.5 References .......................................................................................... 197

Table of Contents
Appendix A: Properties of the Nanorod Synthesis .......................... 200
A.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 200
A.2 Results and Discussion ........................................ 202
A.2.1 Stability of gold nanorods .......................................................... 203
A.2.2 Variation of seed solution .......................................... 208
A.2.3 Effect of the surfactant counterion ............................. 217
A.2.4 Replacement of CTAB with other Au(I) stabilizers .................... 222
A.2.5 Replacement of CTAB with other ammonium ions .................... 227
A.3 Conclusions .......................................................................................... 238
A.4 Materials and Methods ......................................................... 238
A.5 References .............................................................................240
Danksagung ...................................................................................... 243
Lebenslauf ................................................. 245



Abbreviations
List of Abbreviations
Chemicals
BDAC benzyl dimethylhexadecylammonium bromide
CTAB cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
CTEAB cetyl triethylammonium bromide
DTT dithiothreitol
EDC 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimid
[EMIM][ES] 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate
MES 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid
NHS N-hydroxysuccinimid
OPA ortho-phthaldialdehyde
PBS phosphate buffered saline
PEO poly(ethylene oxide)
PG polyglycidol
PVP poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)
THF tetrahydrofurane

Symbols and Others
a anisotropy
AFM atomic force microscopy
AMD age-related macular degeneration
ATR attenuated total reflectance
cmc critical micelle concentrations
d diameter
EM electromagnetic
eq. equivalent
fcc face-centered cubic
Hal halogen
Hb haemoglobin
HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography
HRTEM high-resolution electron microscopy
ICP-MS inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry
IL ionic liquid
IR infrared
l length
long longitudinal
Me metal
NET neutrophil extracellular trap
NIR near infrared
Abbreviations
NP nanoparticle
NR nanorod
NS nanosphere
O.D. optical density
rpm rounds per minute
S substrate
SAD selected area diffraction
SEC size exclusion chromatography
SEM scanning electron microscopy
TEM transmission electron microscopy
trans transverse
upd underpotential deposition
UV ultraviolet
Vis visible