CEC programme on integrated and biological control

Directorate-General For Translation European Commission

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Scientific and technical research
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• Publié par: EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 14
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 6 Mo

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Commission of the European Communities
AGRICULTURE
CEC PROGRAMME ON
INTEGRATED AND BIOLOGICAL
CONTROL
PROGRESS REPORT 1979/1981
EUR 8273 Commission of the European Communities
Directorate-General for Agriculture
Directorate-General for Science, Research and Development
EUR 8273 Published by the
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
Directorate-General
Information, Market and Innovation
Bâtiment Jean Monnet
LUXEMBOURG
Neither the Commission of the European Communities nor any person
acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might
be made of the following information
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
Luxembourg Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1983
© ECSC-EEC-EAEC, Brussels-Luxembourg, 1983
Printed In Italy Contents
Introduction
Common Activities
Part 1 Integrated and Biological Control in Fruits
Part 1.a Biological control in apple orchards
Virus production and utilization in integrated control against orchard tortricids:
results of 1979-1981
H. Audemard, A. Burgerjon, D. Martouret 5
Microbial control of Adoxophyes orana in combination with Granulosis virus
control
of codling moth
E. Dickler, J. Huber 14
The influence of granulosis virus (LpGV) on the apple tree fauna in orchards
where an integrated pest control programme is carried out
G. Neuffer 22
Research (1978-81) in the United Kingdom on production and application of the
Granulosis virus of codling moth, Cydia pomonella
C. Payne, D.M. Glen, J.E. Cranham 34
L.A.R.S. and E.M.R.S.: Field trials of codling moth Granulosis
virus in the United Kingdom (1979-1981)
D.M. Glen, J.E. Cranham 41
Studies on the control of Adoxophyes orana larvae with a nuclear-polyhedrosis-
virus
D. Peters, J. Wiebenga, J.H. Van Maanen, P.D. Timmermans, J. De Haan,
G. Vanwetswinkel 47
Part 1.b Integrated control in citrus groves
Integrated control against citrus pests
C. Benassy, J.C. Onillon, P. Brun 67
Pilot project for biological control in citrus culture
A. Nucifora 79
Integrated control in citrus fruit culture in Sardinia during the years 1979-1981
R. Prota 89
Part 1.C Integrated control in olive groves
Pilot project for integrated pest control in olive groves
Y. Arambourg 703
Project of integrated control in olive groves
R. Tocchi 111
Part 2 Integrated and Biological Control in Vegetables
Part 2.ad control of cabbage pests
Preliminary studies for the conception of an integrated control on cauliflower
plantations in the south-east of France
fl. Bues, H.S. Poitout 127
Development of an integrated system for the control of suckling and chewing
insects in cabbage crops
G. Criiger, M. Hommes 142 Analysis and interpretation of ecological observations concerning the cabbage
root fly delia brassicae Bouché
C. Pelerents 162
Development of methods for monitoring and forecasting the incidence of Delia
radicum (brassicae) populations on brassicas
S. Finch, Rosemary H. Collier 173
Development of sampling methods of pests in cabbage crops
J. Theunissen 184
Part 2.b Integrated control of carrot pests
Large scale production of Agrotis segetum Granulosis virus and field tests
J. Joergensen 205
Resistance of carrot to the carrot fly, Psila rosae
J.H. Visser, O.M.B, de Ponti 214
Part 3 Integrated and Biological Control in Cereals
Biological control of cereal aphids with entomophthorales
G. fìemaudière 227
Improvement of the techniques of observation and forecasting of the cereal
aphids movements and contaminations
A. Mouchart 247
Reduction of the use of pesticides against aphids by improvement of the
observation and prognose methods
G. Latteur, J. Nicolas 271
Research into the possibility of producing in vitro an inoculum from conidia with
a view to its use against cereal aphids
G. Latteur, J. Destain 283
Monitoring of pest aphids as predicting the need for chemical control
LR. Taylor 300
The effect of pesticides on the soil fauna of cereal fields
A. Feeney 307
Coordinated Activities
Part 4.a Exchange of Scientists
Exchange of scientists sponsored by the Programme Committee 340
Part 4.D Meetings of Experts
List of meetings held in the framework of the biological and integrated
pest control programme of the CEC 344
Part 4c Publications
List ofs 346
IV Introduction
Since 1979 the Commission of the European Communities has been carrying
out research programmes in the field of plant protection : this is a cooperative
effort intended to achieve a more rational use of phytosanitary products to find
an efficient means of integrating natural control factors which are less
damaging to the environment and consume less energy.
It fulfils the objectives established by a Council decision of October 30, 1978
(78/902/CCE) following which joint actions on a contractual basis, and
concerted actions involving meetings of experts, an exchange of researchers
and study visits have been implemented.
The whole is termed the "Integrated and biological control" programme, the
activities of which are expected to last for five years (1979-1983). This
programme includes themes of common interest referring to fruit trees
(apples, citrus fruits and olives), to vegetable crops (cabbages and carrots),
and to cereals.
This report summarizes the results of the work carried out by contractors from
1979 to 1981, which in the opinion of the Commission merits publication in a
context which permits an evaluation of its role and its efforts in this field, as
well as of the value and importance of the aims to be reached.
The progress already made is obvious even though the programme is still
underway.
The close collaboration between countries should be stressed :
- institutes from France, Germany, Great Britain and the Netherlands work
together on problems connected with apple orchards, mainly on the
preparation and application of bio-pesticides on a viral basis;
- for citrus fruits and olives, French and Italian institutes collaborate in
research on economic tolerance thresholds for different pests, in the
definition of attack prediction models, in the choice of intervention
treatments and in the use of biotechnical means and natural control
factors, especially entomophages, in view of the implementation of
integrated control pilot projects;
- institutes in Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain and the Netherlands
are working jointly to obtain more information on the causes of damage and
on the dynamics of pest populations in cabbages; research is also being
carried out on new methods of intervention;
- Danish and Dutch institutes are co-operating in the study of carrot crops,
the principal aim of which is the reduction of pesticide treatments and the
use of resistant cultivars and appropriate agricultural techniques;
- finally, institutes in Belgium, France, Great Britain and Ireland are
collaborating in cereal research; the aphids and fungal diseases of wheat
have attracted the attention of researchers who are seeking solutions
which use biological control methods, in particular the non-polluting ones.
The state of the research, as documented in the reports presented,
encourages the hope that the joint effort will lead to efficient solutions or at
least to viable techniques of crop protection. These techniques should take
into account the evolution and development of control methods which are
favourable to the agro-ecosystem and to natural balances.
This publication also gives information on concerted actions which have been
developed over the three-year period. The combineds include meetings
of experts and exchanges of research scientists, as well as the publications on
the EC programme "Integrated and Biological Control".
R. Cavalloro, A. Piavaux